ICE4CT 2019 IOP Publishing

Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1432 (2020) 012085 doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1432/1/012085

2. Cutting system scheme

The cutting system is in a closed loop, designed to automatically keep cutting parameters controlled and consists
of three stages: the manufacturing stage with the metal saw, automation using quality control (QC) with
machine vision (MV) and optimization of artificial intelligence integrated with learning machine (LM), so the
machine operates autonomously without human supervision. Each of these stages are communicated to modify
movements and cutting parameters and optimize production costs (see figure 1).

Figure 1. Scheme of the Cutting System implemented machine vision (MV) with machine learning (ML).

Manufacturing: Cutting Parameters

Proper machining depends on the cutting parameters and influences the morphology and roughness of the
surface [6]. Thus, in band saw cutting it is necessary to determine the working revolution (n) in [rpm] with the
factors: cutting speed (Vc) in [m/min], pipe diameter (D) in [mm], type of cooling, and material to be machined.
To be modified these parameters are optimized with the correction factors (fc) found with the implementation in
machine vision (MV) with machine learning (ML), determined by.

𝑉𝑐 .1000
n= 𝜋.𝐷
· 𝑓𝑐 (1)

The morphology of the cut depends largely on the cutting index (IC) in [cm2/min], with the factors: Cutting
time (Tc) in [min], Pipe area (A) in [cm2], determined by.
𝐴
𝐼𝐶 = · 𝑓𝑐 (2)
𝑇𝐶

Table 1. Initial cutting parameters used in pipe cutting.

Cutting parameters Data Cutting parameters Data
Material Steel AISI 1030 Cutting speed(Vc) 67 [𝑚 𝑚𝑖𝑛]
Cutting time 0.13 𝑚𝑖𝑛 Cutting index(IC) 58[𝑐𝑚2 𝑚𝑖𝑛]
Coolant Mixed oil (mineral oil + 5% - Dimension D=40 mm,
30% grease and oil) thickness 3mm

Automation: Machine vision (MV) using Quality Control (QC)

For the recognition and analysis of its components in machine vision (MV) the technique of "Principal
component analysis" (PCA) was applied, for its simplicity and capacity to reduce its dimensions, minimizing the