TRAFFIC COUNT.

Traffic count.

• A traffic count is a count of traffic along a

particular road for a particular duration of time.
Traffic Volume Study.

Traffic volume study is the procedure to

determine mainly the volume of traffic moving on
the roads at a particular section during a
particular time.
Traffic Volume Study.
Traffic Count/Survey is required for designing of
Pavement and planning & improving traffic system.
.
Definitions
Definitions
Definitions
Definitions
Commonly used daily volume
parameters.
.
 Definitions

•.
Definitions
.Directional Distribution
Methods of traffic survey
.
Manual counts
• Most applications of manual counts require
small samples of data at any given location.
• Manual counts are sometimes used when
effort and expense of automatic equipment are
not justified.
Manual counts…..

Tally sheets
Recording data onto tally sheets is the simplest
means of conducting manual counts. The data
can be recorded with a tick mark on a pre-
prepared field form. A watch or stopwatch is
necessary to measure the desired count interval.
Traffic pattern at intersection
Number of vehicle
Counting Devices.
Automatic Counter.
Automatic Counter.
Converted number of vehicle
Objectives
The objectives of carrying out traffic volume study
are designing, improving traffic system, planning,
management etc.

Design purpose:
Structural and geometric design of pavements,
bridge, and other highway facilities; intersection
design including minimum turning path,
channelization, traffic control devices viz. traffic
signs, markings, signals based on approach volume
and turning proportions etc.
Origin and Destination (O&D) surveys

• For major studies of proposed new routes,

traffic surveys about driver use are very
important. In these surveys, called O & D
(Origin and Destination) surveys, drivers are
stopped and interviewed to ascertain why they
are using that particular route
Origin and Destination (O&D) surveys

Following techniques are adopted to conduct

O & D survey.
Interviews of drivers.
- Drivers are stopped and interviewed to ascertain
why they are using that particular route.
- Where they have come from,
- Where they are going to and
- The reason for their journey
Origin and Destination (O&D) surveys

Use of Postcards.
In recent years this has moved towards
postcard type surveys where drivers are given a
pre-paid postcard asking them the same
questions which they fill in when they have
completed their journey.
Number plate recording.
. Very recent studies have used number
plate recognition cameras and technology to
track the movement of vehicles between cordon
points
O&D surveys.
From the analysis of this information predictions
can be made as to how much traffic would be
likely to use a proposed new route or bypass.
 Traffic Count Devices.
Pneumatic Tube.
• Pneumatic tube is installed by sticking a long rubber
tube on the pavement surface, perpendicular to the
traffic flow direction.
• When a vehicle’s wheels pass over the pneumatic
tube, a pulse of air pressure is transferred along the
tube. An electrical signal is triggered to represent the
detection of an axle (vehicle).
• Because of its quick installation and low power
usage, it is
• commonly used for short-term study of traffic
counting and classification by axle count and
spacing
Traffic Count Devices.

Piezoelectric Sensor.
• Piezoelectric sensor is installed by embedding
it under the pavement.
• It is constructed by a specially processed
material (quartz) that will generate a
Piezoelectric Sensor.
Traffic Count Devices.
Weigh-In-Motion (WIM) System
• WIM system is used to estimate a vehicle’s
gross weight when its wheels pass
over the sensor
• Such a weight control is important because
overweight trucks deteriorate pavements.
• It can also be used for vehicle detection and
classification by number of axles and
spacing.
Traffic Count Devices.
Microwave Radar

Radar – that uses radio waves to detect, `

determine the direction, distance and
speed of some target objects.
Microwave Radar
Traffic Count Devices.
Infrared-Based System.

Simple setup for an active infrared vehicle

detection system .
Traffic Count Devices.

Ultrasonic System
• High frequency sound waves that are beyond
a human’s audible range.
• Sound pulses are transmitted and the reflected
pulses are received, and the distance from the
receiver to the road or vehicle surfaces is
measured according to the wave travel time.
• Speed estimate is obtained by deploying
multiple detection zones.
Traffic Count Devices
Global Positioning System (GPS)

GPS is a satellite navigation system

originally developed by the United States
Department of Defense in 1978.
Traffic Count Devices
Traffic Count Devices.
Traffic Count Devices.
Traffic Count Devices.
NHA Road Net Work.
• Route No. Description.
• N-5 Karachi-Lahore-Peshawar-Torkham
1,819 km.
• N-10 Makran-Coastal; Liari-Ormara-Pasni-
Gwadar-Jiwani 653 km.
• N-15 Mansehra-Naran-Jalkhad 240km
• N-20 Chowk Mari (N-5) to Dera More (N-55)
42km.
• N-25 Karachi-Kalat-Quetta-Chaman 813km.
• N-30 Basima – Khuzdar 110 km.
• N-35 Hassanabdal-Thakot-Khunjrab 806 km.
NHA Road Net Work.
• N-40Lakpass-Dalbandin-Taftan 610 km.
• N-45Nowsehra-Dir-Chitral 309 km.
• N-50Kuchlack-Zhob-D.I.Khan 531 km.
• N-55Kotri-Larkana-D.G.Khan-D.I.Khan-Peshawar
1,264km.
• N-65Sukkur-Sibi-Quetta 385km.
• N-70Multan-D.G.Khan-Loralai-Qila Saifullah
447km
• N-75Islamabad-Satra Mile-Lower Topa-Kohala
90km
• N-80Tarnol-Fateh Jang-Jand-Khushal Garh-Kohat
146km.
NHA Road Net Work.

• N-85Hoshab-Panjgur-Nag-Basima-Sorab 487km.
• N-90Khwazakhela - Besham 64 km.
• N-95Chakdara - Kalam 135 km.
• N-105 Larkana - Naudero - Lakhi 61km.
• N-110 Gharo - Keti Bunder 90km.
• N-120 Hyderabad - Mirpukhas - Umarkot -
Khokhrapar (Indian Border) 220km.
• S-1 KKH-Skardu Road (Strategic Road) 167
km.
• S-2 Kohala-Muzaffarabad 40 km.
NHA Road Net Work.
• S-3 Muzaffarabad - Chakothi 55 km.
• E-3 Pindi Bhattian - Wazirabad 100km
• E-5 Khanewal - Lodhran 100 km.

• M-1 Islamabad-Peshawar Motorway

155km
• M-2 Lahore-Islamabad Motorway incl. 32
Km Link roads 367km.
• M-3 Pindi Bhattian-Faisalabad Motorway 53
km.
NHA Road Net Work.
• M-4 Faisalabad – Khanewal - Multan
225km.
• M-7 Dadu-Dureji-Hub 270km.
• M-8 Gwadar-Hoshab-Awaran-Khuzdar-
Ratodero 892km.
• M-9 Karachi-Hyderabad Motorway (Super
Highway) 136km
• M-10 Karachi Northern Bypass 57km.
• TOTAL 11,939 km.
Road Density

• Punjab……………………………0.66 km/km
• KPK…………………………………0.43km/km
• Sind………………………………..0.33km/km
• Balochistan…………………… 0.22km/km