NCM09-OB

"SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED
DISEASES AFFECTING
PREGNANT WOMEN"

Submitted by: Erjen Alexandria M. Sia

BSN2B

SUBMITTED TO: PROF. BERNARDITA E. BRILLON RN, RM, MAN

 SYPHILIS
causing organism:Treponema pallidum

SIGNS & SYMPTOMS TREATMENT NURSING CARE EFFECT TO PREGNANCY

Penicillin is the drug of Establish a sexual history,
4 STAGES including the number of sexual This kind of STD can be
choice to treat syphilis.
partners and whether the patient very serious and lead to:
-Primary (3-4wks) Doxycycline is the best was protected by a condom.         
small round sore called a alternative for treating early Determine if any of the patient’s Stillbirth (the baby is
chancre. A chancre is painless, and late latent syphilis. partners were infected with a born dead)       
but it’s highly infectious. Syphilis associated with HIV sexually transmitted infection Birth defects    
Could appear inside the mouth, infection does not require any (STI). Infant death
genitals/recrtum. enhanced antimicrobial Cataracts
Question the pt about IV drugs
therapy. Deafness
use and previous STIs. With an
 -Secondary In the treatment of late Seizures
infant, establish the sexual
Headaches. Skin rashes. Swollen syphilis by weekly injections, history of the mother. Elicit a
lymph nodes. Fatigue. Fever. missing a dose of penicillin hx of chancres. Ask the patient
Weight loss. Hair loss. Aching for a period of 10-14 days SPECIAL CONSIDERATION
to describe the appearance,
joints does not require restarting location, and duration of any
the entire course of chancres, particularly if they CSF testing to detect
-Latent/Hidden
injections. are no longer present. neurosyphilis is strongly
There's no noticeable symptoms
but the bacteria remain in the The exception to this is in recommended in patients
Establish a hx of fever, with tertiary syphilis or
body & could last for years the case of pregnant women in
headaches, nausea, anorexia, with neurological s/sx
before progressing to tertiary whom there is no latitude for
weight loss, sore throat, mild consistent with
syphilis missing a dose of penicillin.
fever, hair loss, or rashes, s/s neurosyphilis and in pts.
There is evidence that an   of the primary & secondary   without symptoms whose
-Tertiary
interval of 7-9 days between stages Determine if the pt has
Bildness. Deafness. Mental serologic titers do not
doses may produce better experienced paresis, seizures,
Illness. Memory loss. decline appropriately
results. arm and leg weakness,alterations
Destruction of soft tissue & after being treated with
in judgment, or personality
bones. Heart ds. Neurosyphilis recommended therapy.
changes, all of which are
symptoms of late-stage syphilis.
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 CHLAMYDIA
causing organism: Chlamydia trachomatis

SIGNS & SYMPTOMS TREATMENT NURSING CARE EFFECT TO PREGNANCY

Symptoms of chlamydia Chlamydia trachomatis is Nurses must practice good hand- Nurses must follow the
can appear in both men treated with antibiotics. You washing techniques and follow proper protocol and
and women, including: might receive a one-time dose, standard precautions to protect instill erythromycin eye
or you might need to take the themselves and their patients ointment in the newborn’s
 pain or burning while medication daily or multiple from chlamydial infections. eyes after birth.
peeing times a day for five to 10
pain during sex Nurses must follow the proper Pregnant women who are
days.
lower belly pain protocol and instill infected with chlamydia
abnormal vaginal In most cases, the infection erythromycin eye ointment in have an increased risk of
discharge (may be resolves within one to two the newborn’s eyes after birth. their waters breaking
yellowish and have a weeks. During that time, you prematurely, causing the
Perinatal health care providers
strong smell) should abstain from sex. Your baby to be born early.
need to be advised of the
bleeding between periods sexual partner or partners
presence of a chlamydial
pus or a watery/milky also need treatment even if
infection in a patient so that If a woman has chlamydia
they have no signs or
discharge from the penis proper precautions can be taken when giving birth, the
symptoms. Otherwise, the
swollen or to prevent spread of the baby might become infected
infection can be passed back
tender testicles organism. during delivery. These
and forth between sexual
pain, discharge and/or Nurses must advocate for safe babies can develop an eye
partners.
bleeding around the anus sex practices & if necessary, infection (conjunctivitis)
Having chlamydia or having offer to treat the woman’s or pneumonia, and might
If chlamydia infects
been treated for it in the sexual partner. need antibiotics.
your eyes, you may have Chlamydia has also been
redness, itching, or past doesn't prevent you from Taking a health history with a
getting it again. comprehensive sexual history is associated with low
discharge. Sometimes birthweight.
chlamydia infections in necessary.
the throat cause Nurses are in important
soreness, but it’s rare. positions to ensure safe health
care practices for pregnant
women.
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 HEPATITIS B
causing organism: Hepatitis B virus

SIGNS & SYMPTOMS TREATMENT NURSING CARE EFFECT TO PREGNANCY

      Nausea       Antiviral medications, like Give information Babies born to a mother with
Abdominal pain entecavir (Baraclude), regarding availability of hepatitis B have a greater
Fever tenofovir (Viread), gamma globulin, ISG, H- than 90% chance of
lamivudine (Epivir), adefovir BIG, HB vaccine through developing chronic hepatitis
Dark urine
(Hepsera) and telbivudine health department or B if they are not properly
weakness & fatigue  family physician.
Joint pain  (Tyzeka) — can help fight the treated at birth. It is
Reduce the severity and
Jaundice (yellowing of virus and slow its ability to imperative for pregnant
duration of episodes but
the skin and whites of damage your liver. women to know their
do not alter the
the eyes) prognosis of the disease.
hepatitis B status in order
Over time, scarring of Interferon injections is a Encourage use of stress to prevent passing the virus
the liver (cirrhosis) man-made version of a management techniques on to their newborn baby
and substance produced by the Administer medications as during delivery.
body to fight infection. prescribed by the
liver cancer can
develop. Liver transplant.Liver physician
transplant. If your liver has Provide specific
been severely damaged, a information regarding
prevention  and  transmissi
liver transplant may be an
on of disease
option.
Encourage continuation of
balanced diet.
Discuss the side effects
and dangers of taking OTC
and prescribed drugs
(acetaminophen,  aspirin, 
sulfonamides, some
anesthetics) and
necessity of notifying
future healthcare
providers of diagnosis.
 ORAL HERPES
causing organism: Herpes simplex 1 virus

SIGNS & SYMPTOMS TREATMENT NURSING CARE EFFECT TO PREGNANCY

Start oral antivirals as
Itching of the lips or Keeping the infected area soon as possible.      Like
Easily spread to other
skin around the clean and dry. people through touching,
Aciclovir, valaciclovir and
mouth         kissing or sexual contact.
famciclovir all
Burning near the lips or Taking antiviral oral The sores are infectious
Reduce the severity and
mouth area   medications, such as until they have healed,
duration of episodes but do
Tingling near the lips acyclovir, famciclovir and however people who carry HSV
not alter the prognosis of
or mouth area        valacyclovir (these but don’t have cold sores
the disease.
Sore throat  medications are can spread the virus through
    
Swollen glands traditionally the most their saliva.
All antiviral agents have
Painful swallowing effective)
been found to be similarly
Although the risk is small,
A rash may form on your effective in reducing the
Applying antiviral topical babies can catch herpes.
gums, lips, mouth or duration of symptoms and
ointments, such as acyclovir Herpes infections can cause
throat viral shedding compared
and penciclovir serious problems in a baby,
Symptoms of oral herpes with placebo. One RCT found
such as infections to the
usually appear 1-3 weeks no difference between
eyes and throat, brain
Using over-the-counter
after first infection. topical anesthetics or anti-
valaciclovir taken for
damage and even death.A
When symptoms return, three versus five days (12)
inflammatory agents to newborn baby can catch HSV-1
they are typically    
alleviate symptoms and HSV-2 from being kissed
milder than the If new lesions are still
or touched by someone with
initial herpes outbreak. appearing, a further course
cold sores, or during
of five days may be given.
childbirth — this can happen
       
even if your genital herpes
Topical antiviral therapy,
isn’t active at the time of
on its own or with
the birth.Fortunately, most
antiviral tablets, offers
babies born to women who
little benefit.
carry the virus are not
affected.
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 GONORRHEA
causing organism: Neisseria gonorrhoeae

SIGNS & SYMPTOMS TREATMENT NURSING CARE EFFECT TO PREGNANCY

discharge from the Gonorrhea is usually treated Give information If you have gonorrhea during
vagina (watery, creamy, with an antibiotic injection regarding availability of pregnancy, you may have a
or slightly green) of Ceftriaxone one time to gamma globulin, ISG, H- greater risk of miscarriage,
the buttocks or a single dose BIG, HB vaccine through infection of the amniotic
pain or burning
of  Azithromycin  by mouth. health department or sac and fluid,  preterm
sensation while family physician.
urinating. Once on antibiotics, you premature rupture of
Reduce the severity and
the need to urinate more should feel relief within membranes (PPROM),
duration of episodes but
frequently. days. and  preterm birth, although
do not alter the
heavier periods or The emergence of antibiotic- prognosis of the disease.
prompt treatment reduces the
spotting. resistant strains of Encourage use of stress risk of these problems.
sore throat. gonorrhea is a  growing management techniques
pain upon engaging in challengeTrusted Source. Administer medications as If you have a gonorrhea
sexual intercourse. These cases may require more prescribed by the infection when you go into
sharp pain in the lower extensive treatment, with a physician labor, you can pass the
seven-day course of an oral Provide specific bacteria to your baby.
abdomen.
antibiotic or dual therapy information regarding Gonorrhea in newborns most
fever.
with two different prevention  and  transmissi commonly affects the eyes.
antibiotics, usually for a on of disease
total of seven days of Encourage continuation of If left untreated, a
therapy. The antibiotics used balanced diet. gonorrhea infection in an
for extended therapy are Discuss the side effects infant can cause blindness
usually given once or twice a and dangers of taking OTC or spread to other parts of
and prescribed drugs a baby's body, causing such
day. Some common antibiotics
(acetaminophen,  aspirin,  problems as blood or joint
used include azithromycin and
sulfonamides, some infections and meningitis.
doxycycline.
anesthetics) and
necessity of notifying
future healthcare
providers of diagnosis.
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