Bou Poultry Farm Book 02 PDF

BDwbU 1 BDwbU 1 wewfbœ M„ncvwjZ cvwLi RvZ I cwiwPwZ
wewfbœ M„ncvwjZ
cvwLi RvZ I Avgv‡ì G my›ì c„w_ex‡Z cÖvq AvU nvRvi QqkZ cÖRvwZi cvwL i‡q‡Q| Gme cvwL bvbvfv‡e
cwiwPwZ cÖvK…wZK fvimvg¨ i¶v K‡i G c„w_ex‡K gvby‡li evm‡hvM¨ K‡i †i‡L‡Q| gvbyl wKQy wKQy
cvwL‡K †cvl gvwb‡q wbR ZË¡veav‡b jvjbcvjb K‡i `xN©w`bhver Lv`¨ Pvwn`vi GK weivU Ask
c~iY Ki‡Q| Avevi wKQy wKQy cvwL gvbyl wPËwe‡bv`‡bi RbÏ cvjb K‡i _v‡K| †cvl gvbv‡bv
Ges M„‡n cvwjZ mKj cvwL‡KB mvaviYZ M„ncvwjZ cvwL ev †cvwëªi AšÍf©z³ Kiv nq bv|
M„ncvwjZ cvwL ev †cvwëª ej‡Z †mme cvwL cÖRvwZ‡KB eySv‡bv nq hv‡ì‡K A_©‰bwZK D‡Ï‡k¨
(cÖavbZ wWg I gvsm Drcv`‡bi j‡¶¨) jvjbcvjb Kiv nq Ges hviv gvby‡li ZË¡veav‡b
¯^vaxbfv‡e eskwe¯Ívi Ki‡Z cv‡i| †hgb: nuvm, gyiwM, ivRnuvm, †Kv‡qj, KeyZi, wMwb dvDj,
UvwK© BZ¨vw`| AvenvIqvi ZviZ‡gï Rb¨ c„w_exi wewfbœ AÂ‡j wfbœ wfbœ cÖRvwZ I Rv‡Zi
cvwL cvjb Ki‡Z †`Lv hvq| Z‡e, nvumgyiwM c„w_exi mKj †`‡kB M„ncvwjZ cvwL wn‡m‡e
†`‡ki A_©bxwZ‡Z weivU Ae`vb †i‡L Avm‡Q| Avgv‡ì †`‡kI ¯§iYvZxZKvj †_‡KB gvbyl
nvumgyiwM cvjb Ki‡Q| Avi G cvwL¸‡jv Avgv‡ì A_©bxwZ I ms¯‹…wZi Awe‡”Q`¨ A½ n‡q
Av‡Q| êÁvwbK µgweeZ©‡bi mv‡_ mv‡_ gvbylI cvwL cvj‡bi gva¨‡g AwaK jvfevb nIqvi
bvbv †KŠkj AvqË K‡i‡Q| ZvB K…wlcÖavb Avgv‡ì †`‡ki fwel¨r cÖR‡b¥i Rb¨ M„ncvwjZ cvwL
ev †cvwëª cvj‡bi AvaywbK Ávb jvf Kiv GKvšÍ cÖ‡qvRb|
G BDwb‡Ui wewfbœ cv‡V gyiwM, nvum, †Kv‡qj, ivRnuvm, KeyZi, wMwb dvDj cÖf…wZ M„ncvwjZ
cvwLi wewfbœ Rv‡Zi cwiwPwZ ZvwË¡K I eënvwiKmn Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q|
cvV 1.1 wewfbœ Rv‡Zi gyiwMi cwiwPwZ

G cvV †k‡l Avcwb −
gyiwMi †kªYx, RvZ, DcRvZ Ges †÷ªBb ej‡Z Kx eySvq Zv ej‡Z cvi‡eb|
A_©‰bwZK ¸iy‡Z¡ †kªô gyiwMi cÖavb 4wU †kªYx I Zv‡ì êwkó¨vejx Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z
cvi‡eb|
wewfbœ Rv‡Zi gyiwMi DrcwË, ˆ`wnK êwkó¨ I Drcv`b ¶gZvi eY©bv w`‡Z cvi‡eb|
M„ncvwjZ gyiwMi (domestic chicken or domestic fowl) êÁvwbK bvg Gallus gallus
domesticus (M¨vjvm M¨vjvm W‡gw÷Kvm)| M„ncvwjZ gyiwM‡K wewfbœ †kªYx, RvZ, DcRvZ,
†÷ªBb BZ¨vw`‡Z fvM Kiv nq|
M„ncvwjZ gyiwM¸‡jv‡K wewfbœ
†kªYx, RvZ, DcRvZ, †÷ªBb
BZ¨vw`‡Z fvM Kiv nq| †kªYx (Class)
c„w_exi †Kv‡bv wbw`©ó GjvKv n‡Z D™¢zZ Ges wKQy wKQy mvaviY êwk‡ó¨ mv`„‡kï AwaKvix
gyiwM¸‡jv GKwU †kªYxi AšÍf©y³ Kiv nq| †hgb- Av‡gwiKvb †kªYx, f‚ga¨mvMixq †kªYx BZ¨vw`|
RvZ (Breed)
†kªYxi Aax‡b AvKvi I AvK…wZ‡Z mv`„‡kï AwaKvix gyiwM¸‡jv hviv esk ci¤úivq †mB
êwkó¨mg~n ¯’vbvšÍi Ki‡Z cv‡i Zv‡ì‡K GKwU Rv‡Zi AšÍfy©³ Kiv nq| †hgb- †jMnb©,
wgbK©v BZ¨vw`|
M„ncvwjZ cvwL cvjb I nuvmgyiwMi n¨vPvwi eë¯’vcbv
DcRvZ (Variety)
cvj‡Ki iO Ges SuzwUi ai‡bi wfwË‡Z Rv‡Zi DcwefvMfy³ gyiwM¸‡jv GKwU DcRv‡Zi
AšÍf©y³| †hgb- GKK SzuwUi †nvqvBU †jMnb© †jMnb© RvZfy³ GKwU DcRvZ|
†÷ªBb (Strain)
cÖRbbKvix KZ©„K we‡kl D‡Ï‡k¨ Kgc‡¶ 5 esk ci¤úivq AšÍtcÖRb‡bi (inbreeding)
gva¨‡g m„ó we‡kl bvgavix gyiwM¸‡jv‡K GKwU †÷ªB‡bi AšÍfy©³ Kiv nq| †hgb- ÷vi µm
†nvqvBU, ÷vi µm eªvDb BZ¨vw`| eZ©gv‡b †cvwëª wk‡í weï× RvZ eënvi bv K‡i wewfbœ
msKi Rv‡Zi gyiwMi †÷ªBb¸‡jv evwYwR¨KwfwË‡Z cvjb Kiv n‡”Q|
c„w_ex‡Z gyiwMi cÖvq 200wU c„w_ex‡Z gyiwMi cÖvq 200wU RvZ I DcRvZ i‡q‡Q| G‡ì g‡a¨ A_©‰bwZK ¸iy‡Z¡i AwaKvix
RvZ I DcRvZ i‡q‡Q| 4wU †kªYxi AšÍf©y³ ¸iyZ¡c~Y© RvZ I DcRvZmg~‡ni weeiY G cv‡V wee„Z n‡q‡Q| G cv‡V ïay
weï× RvZ I DcRvZ¸‡jvB eY©bv Kiv n‡q‡Q| wKš‘ AwaK Drcv`bkxj gyiwMi †÷ªBb, †h¸‡jv
eZ©gv‡b mvivwe‡k¦ †jqvi A_©vr wWg Drcv`b Ges eªqjvi A_©vr gvsm Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ eënvi
Kiv n‡”Q, †m¸‡jvi †Kv‡bv eY©bv †`qv nq wb| G cv‡Vi †k‡l we‡k¦i K‡qKwU AwaK
Drcv`bkxj evwYwR¨K †jqvi I eªqjvi gyiwMi bvg D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q|
Av‡gwiKvb †kªYxi Aax‡b Av‡gwiKvb †kªYx (American Class)

†gvU 13wU RvZ i‡q‡Q| Av‡gwiKvb †kªYxi Aax‡b †gvU 13wU RvZ i‡q‡Q| G RvZ¸‡jv hy³iv‡óª Drcbœ n‡qwQj e‡j
hy³iv‡óª Drcbœ n‡qwQj e‡j
G‡ì‡K Av‡gwiKvb †kªYxi G‡ì‡K Av‡gwiKvb †kªYxi RvZ ejv n‡q _v‡K| mvaviYZ f‚ga¨mvMixq AÂj †_‡K Avbv †QvU
Rv‡Zi Kg©V gyiwMi mv‡_ Gwkqv †_‡K Avg`vbx Kiv eo AvKv‡ii †gvi‡Mi msKi cÖRbb K‡i
Av‡gwiKvb †kªYxi gyiwM m„wó Kiv n‡qwQj| GLv‡b G‡ì êwkó¨¸‡jv D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q|
êwkó¨mg~n
• G‡ì cv‡qi bvjv cvjKwenxb|
• Kv‡bi jwZ jvj i‡Oi|
• Giv wWg I gvsm Drcv`b Dfq D‡Ï‡k¨B eënvi Dc‡hvMx|
• Mv‡qi Pvgov njy` i‡Oi|
• wW‡gi †Lvmvi iO ev`vwg|
• Giv AvKv‡i gvSvwi|
Av‡gwiKvb †kªYxi AšÍf©y³ RvZmg~n

1. cøvBgvD_ iK (Plymouth Rock) t GwU Av‡gwiKvi me‡P‡q RbwcÖq RvZ| KviY, Giv
GKw`‡K †hgb fv‡jv gvsm Drcv`b Ki‡Z cv‡i Ab¨w`‡K †Zgwb †ewk wWgI Drcv`b Ki‡Z
cv‡i| G‡ì Kzu‡P nIqvi cÖeYZv Av‡Q|
DrcwË¯’j t 1865 mv‡j Av‡gwiKvi cøvBgvB_ kn‡i G‡ì DrcwË
DcRvZ t 7wU
mvaviY êwkó¨vejx
†`n t j¤^v I cÖk¯Í
gv_vi SyuwU t GKK SuywUwewkó
Kv‡bi jwZ t jvj i‡Oi
evsjv‡`k Db¥y³ wek¦we`¨vjq 4

wewfbœ M„ncvwjZ cvwLi RvZ I cwiwPwZ
Mv‡qi Pvgov t njy` i‡Oi

wW‡gi †Lvmv t ev`vwg i‡Oi
IRb t cÖvßeq¯‹ †gviM- 4.3 †KwR
cÖvßeq¯‹ gyiwM- 3.4 †KwR
wWg Drcv`b t eQ‡i 100-150wU
K− evW© cøvBgvD_ iK †gviM L− njy` cøvBgvD_ iK gyiwM

wPÎ 1(K, L) t evW© cøvBgvD_ iK DcRv‡Zi †gviM I evd ev njy` cøvBgvD_ iK DcRv‡Zi gyiwM
2. †ivW AvBj¨vÛ †iW (Rhode Island Red) t G Rv‡Zi gyiwM¸‡jv Lye Kg©V nq| hviv
AímsL¨K gyiwM cvjb K‡i _v‡Kb Zv‡ì Kv‡Q G Rv‡Zi gyiwM¸‡jv LyeB cQ‡›ì| Giv wWg I
gvsm Dfq Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ eëüZ n‡jI G‡ì wWg Drcv`‡bi nvi †ewk|
DrcwË¯’j t Av‡gwiKvi †ivW AvBj¨vÛ cÖ‡`k
DcRvZ t 2wU
†`n t AvqZvKvi
eyK t PIov, Mfxi Ges mvg‡bi w`‡K DuPz
c„ô‡`k t PIov, j¤^v I mgZj
Kv‡bi jwZ t †QvU I jvj i‡Oi
cv‡qi bvjv t cvjKwenxb
cvjK t jvj i‡Oi
IRb t cÖvßeq¯‹ †gviM− 3.9 †KwR
cÖvßeq¯‹ gyiwM− 2.9 †KwR
¯‹zj Ae GwMÖKvjPvi GÛ iyivj †W‡fjc‡g›U 5

wPÎ 2 t †ivW AvBj¨vÛ †iW Rv‡Zi †gviM
3. wbD n¨v¤úkvqvi (New Hampshire) t †ivW AvBj¨vÛ †iW Rv‡Zi mv‡_ Ab¨ Rv‡Zi wgjb
NwU‡q G RvZwU‡K ˆZwi Kiv n‡q‡Q| G‡ì‡K wWg I gvsm Dfq Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ cvjb Kiv
hvq| Giv †ek Kómwnòz|
DrcwË¯’j t Av‡gwiKvi wbD n¨v¤úkvqvi
DcRvZ t †Kv‡bv DcRvZ †bB
†`n t †ivW AvBj¨vÛ †i‡Wi †P‡q A‡c¶vK…Z Kg AvqZvKvi
gv_vi SuywU t GKK SuywUwewkó
cvjK t Zvgv‡U jvj, Z‡e †j‡Ri cvjK¸‡jv Kv‡jv
G †kªYxi Aax‡b †gvU 6wU RvZ f‚ga¨mvMixq †kªYx (Mediteranean Class)

i‡q‡Q| G‡ì g‡a¨ †jMnb© G †kªYxi Aax‡b †gvU 6wU RvZ i‡q‡Q| G‡ì g‡a¨ †jMnb© me‡P‡q RbwcÖq| f‚ga¨mvMixq
me‡P‡q RbwcÖq| f‚ga¨mvMixq †kªYxi RvZ¸‡jvi DrcwË¯’j BUvwj I Av‡kcv‡ki AÂ‡j| wgbK©v Qvov Ab¨ me¸‡jv RvZ †QvU
†kªYxi RvZ¸‡jvi DrcwË¯’j
BUvwj I Av‡kcv‡ki AÂ‡j| AvKv‡ii| GLv‡b G‡ì wewfbœ êwkó¨ †`qv n‡q‡Q|
êwkó¨mg~n
• cvjK Av‡Uvmuv‡Uv I †`‡ni mv‡_ myweb¨¯’|
• Giv AvKv‡i †QvU|
• Kzu‡P nIqvi Af¨vm G‡Kev‡iB †bB|

• A‡c¶vK…Z Kg eq‡m wWg †`qv ïiy K‡i|

• wWg Drcv`‡b eëüZ nq|
• G‡ì Mv‡qi Pvgovi iO mv`v A_ev njy`|
• Kv‡bi jwZ mv`v i‡Oi|
• wW‡gi †Lvmvi iO mv`v|
f‚ga¨mvMixq †kªYxi AšÍf©y³ RvZmg~n

1. †jMnb© (Leghorn) t f‚ga¨mvMixq †kªYxi RvZ¸‡jvi g‡a¨ †jMnb© me‡P‡q RbwcÖq| wWg
Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ Giv weL¨vZ| †jMnb© RvZ gyiwMi RvZ Dbœq‡b eënvi Kiv n‡q _v‡K|
DrcwË¯’j t BUvwj
DcRvZ t 13wU
AvKvi t †QvU
†`n t wÎfzRvKvi A_©vr Kvu‡ai w`‡K PIov I †j‡Ri w`‡K µgk miy Ges
†`n Avu‡Uvmv‡Uv
c„ô‡`k t j¤^v I PIov
Kv‡bi jwZ t mv`v i‡Oi
wW‡gi †Lvmv t mv`v i‡Oi
K− e- ¨vK †jMnb© gyiwM L− †nvqvBU †jMnb© gyiwM

wPÎ 3 (K, L) t eø¨vK I †nvqvBU †jMnb© DcRv‡Zi gyiwM
2. wgbK©v (Minorca) t f‚ga¨mvMixq RvZ¸‡jvi g‡a¨ wgbK©v †ek eo I fvwi| Giv †Zgb
fv‡jv wWg Drcv`b K‡i bv e‡j RbwcÖqZvI Kg| Giv †iv` mn¨ Ki‡Z cv‡i bv|

DrcwË¯’j t †¯ú‡bi wgbK©v Øxc

DcRvZ t 5wU
†`n t j¤^v I kw³kvjx
Mv‡qi Pvgov t mv`v i‡Oi; Z‡e wcV, cv‡qi bvjv I Av½yj Kv‡jv i‡Oi
K− e- ¨vK wgbK©v †gviM L− e ¨vK wgbK©v gyiwM

wPÎ 4(K, L) t eø¨vK wgbK©v DcRv‡Zi †gviM I gyiwM
3. A¨vb‡Kvbv (Ancona) t Giv AvKvi-AvK…wZ‡Z †jMn‡b©i g‡ZvB| G‡ì wWg Drcv`b

†gvUvgywU| Giv †KvjvnjwcÖq| eZ©gv‡b G‡ì‡K †kvfvea©K RvZ wn‡m‡e cvjb Kiv n‡q _v‡K|
DcwË¯’j t BUvwji A¨vb‡Kvbv AÂj
DcRvZ t 2wU
AvKvi t †QvU
cvjK t Kv‡jv i‡Oi Dci mv`v †duvUv

wPÎ 5 t A¨vb‡Kvbv Rv‡Zi gyiwM

4. dvBIwg (Fayoumi) t Giv AvKvi-AvK…wZ‡Z †jMn‡b©i g‡ZvB| †`L‡Z LyeB my›ì|
kix‡ii e‡Y©i Rb¨ G‡ì‡K mK‡iB †ek cQ›` K‡i| G‡ì †`‡ni cvj‡Ki iO QvB I mv`v
†dvuUvwewkó; Nv‡oi cvjK mv`v; †j‡Ri cvj‡Ki †klvsk Kv‡jv| G‡ì wWg Drcv`b †gvUvgywU|
wW‡gi AvKvi †QvU| Giv Lye PÂj I PvjvK| G‡ì‡K †`kx gyiwMi g‡Zv Qvov Ae¯’vq cvjb
Kiv hvq| eZ©gv‡b evsjv‡`‡k e¨vcKfv‡e G‡ì cvjb Kiv n‡”Q|
DcwË¯’j t wgki
DcRvZ t †bB
AvKvi t †QvU
gv_vi SuywU t †QvU, †e‡Rvo I jvj
cv‡qi bvjv t cvjKwenxb I Kv‡jv i‡Oi
Mv‡qi Pvgov t mv`v i‡Oi
cvjK t Kv‡jv-mv`v †dvuUv †duvUv
wPÎ 6 t dvBIwg Rv‡Zi gyiwM

Bswjk †kªYxi Aax‡b †gvU Bswjk †kªYx (English Class)

6wU RvZ i‡q‡Q| G‡ì G †kªYxi Aax‡b †gvU 6wU RvZ i‡q‡Q| G‡ì g‡a¨ mv‡m·, A÷ªvjc© Ges AiwcsUb me‡P‡q
g‡a¨ mv‡m·, A÷ªvjc© Ges RbwcÖq| G‡ì gvsm me‡P‡q DrK…ó| GLv‡b G‡ì êwkó¨ D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q|
AiwcsUb me‡P‡q RbwcÖq|
êwkó¨mg~n
• Giv AvKv‡i gvSvwi|
• gvsm I wWg Drcv`b Dfq D‡Ï‡k¨B eënvi Dc‡hvMx|
• KwY©k Qvov me¸‡jv Rv‡Zi Mv‡qi Pvgovi iO mv`v Ges Kv‡bi jwZ jvj|
• WiwKs Ges †iW K¨vc Qvov me¸‡jv Rv‡Zi wW‡gi †Lvmvi iO ev`vwg|
Bswjk †kªYxi Aš—fy©³ RvZmg~n

1. A÷ªvjc© (Australorp) t A÷ªvjc© kãwUi A_© n‡”Q A‡÷ªwjqvb e ¨vK AiwcsUb| Giv
wWg I gvsm Dfq Drcv`‡bi Rb¨B Dc‡hvMx| ZvB G RvZwU wek¦e¨vcx †ek RbwcÖq| Av`ª© I
AwaK e„wócvZhy³ AÂ‡jI Giv wb‡R‡ì Lvc LvIqv‡Z cv‡i|
DrcwË¯’j t †MÖU e„‡Ub
DcRvZ t 1wU
AvKvi t gvSvwi
†`n t Lvov I †j‡Ri w`‡K µgk Xvjy, Mfxi Ges gReyZ
gv_vi SuywU t GKK SzuwUwewkó
cvjK t D¾¡j I mey‡Ri Avfvhy³ Kv‡jv i‡Oi
K− A÷ªvjc© †gviM L− A÷ªvjc© gyiwM

wPÎ 7 (K, L) t A÷ªvjc© Rv‡Zi †gviM I gyiwM

2. KwY©k (Cornish) t KwY©k Rv‡Zi Avmj bvg n‡jv ÔBwÛqvb †MgÕ| Giv gvsm Drcv`‡bi
Rb¨ weL¨vZ| eªqjvi †÷ªBb ˆZwii Rb¨ KwY©k †gviM eënvi Kiv n‡q _v‡K|
DrcwË¯’j t Bsj¨vÛ
DcRvZ t 4wU; G‡ì g‡a¨ mv`v DcRvZ me‡P‡q RbwcÖq
†`n t gvsmj I gReyZ
gv_vi SzuwU t gUi SuywUwewkó
cv t j¤^v I PIov
cvjK t G‡ì cvjK LyeB †QvU Ges †`‡ni mv‡_ †j‡M _v‡K
wPÎ 8 t KvwY©k ev BwÛqvb †Mg Rv‡Zi †gviM
3. mv‡m· (Sussex) t mv‡m· n‡jv me‡P‡q cy‡iv‡bv RvZ| Giv wWg I gvsm Dfq Drcv`‡bi
Rb¨B cvjb Kiv n‡q _v‡K|
DcRvZ t 3wU
†`n t AvqZvKvi
Kvua t PIov
gv_vi SzuwU t GKK SuywUwewkó


K− jvBU mv‡m· †gviM L− jvBU mv‡m· gyiwM

wPÎ 9 (K, L) t jvBU mv‡m· DcRv‡Zi †gviM I gyiwM
GwkqvwUK †kªYxi Aax‡b GwkqvwUK †kªYx (Asiatic Class)

†gvU 3wU RvZ i‡q‡Q| Giv G †kªYxi Aax‡b †gvU 3wU RvZ i‡q‡Q| Giv AvKv‡i eo Ges gvsm Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ fv‡jv|
AvKv‡i eo Ges gvsm Z‡e, G †kªYxi AšÍfy©³ RvZmg~n evwYwR¨KwfwË‡Z wWg ev gvsm Drcv`‡b RbwcªqZv jvf Ki‡Z
Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ fv‡jv| cv‡i wb| j¨vsk¨vb Rv‡Zi AšÍf©y³ eø¨vK j¨vsk¨vb DcRv‡Zi gyiwM Qvov evwK‡ì Pvgovi iO
njy`| GLv‡b G‡ì êwkó¨ D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q|
êwkó¨mg~n
• G‡ì cv‡qi bvjvq cvjK _vK‡Z cv‡i|
• Kv‡bi jwZ jvj i‡Oi|
• wW‡gi †Lvmvi iO ev`vwg|
• Mv‡qi Pvgovi iO njy`|
• Giv A‡c¶vK…Z †ewk eq‡m wWg cvov ïiy K‡i|
• G‡ì Kzu‡P nIqvi cÖeYZv †ewk|
• G‡ì‡K gvsm Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ eënvi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|
• G‡ì wWg Drcv`‡bi nvi Kg|
GwkqvwUK †kªYxi Aš—f©z³ RvZmg~n

1. eªvngv (Brahma) t eªvngv Rv‡Zi Avmj bvg wQj Ô†MÖ wPUvMvsÕ| Giv cÖavbZ gvsm
Drcv`bKvix RvZ| G‡ì Kzu‡P nIqvi cÖeYZv Av‡Q|
DrcwË¯’j t fvi‡Zi eªþcyÎ AÂj
DcRvZ t 3wU

AvKvi t eo
†`n t fvwi I Nb cvj‡K XvKv
gv_vi SuywU t gUi SuywUwewkó
cv‡qi bvjv t cvjKhy³, gvsmj I njy` i‡Oi
wPÎ 10 t WvK© eªvngv DcRv‡Zi †gviM
2. †KvwPb (Cochin) t †KvwPb RvZ ÔmvsnvB dvDjÕ bv‡gI cwiwPZ| G‡ì‡K gvsm I cvjK
Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ cvjb Kiv n‡q _v‡K| G‡ì cvjK wewfbœ i‡Oi n‡q _v‡K|
DrcwË¯’j t Px‡bi mvsnvB AÂj
DcRvZ t 4wU
AvKvi t eo
SuywU t GKK SuywUwewkó
cv‡qi bvjv t gvsmj I cvjKhy³

wPÎ 11 t †nvqvBU †KvwPb DcRv‡Zi †gviM
Abykxjbx (Activity) t PviwU †kªYxi gyiwMi êwkó¨mg~n QK AvKv‡i mvwR‡q wjLyb|
Avgv‡ì †`‡k wWg ev evsjv‡`‡ki gyiwMi RvZ

gvsm Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ Avgv‡ì †`‡k wWg ev gvsm Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ †Zgb †Kv‡bv D‡j- L‡hvM¨ Rv‡Zi gyiwM †bB|
†Zgb †Kv‡bv Avgv‡ì †`kx gyiwM¸‡jv‡K ZvB Aby‡j- wLZ RvZ ev †`kx (indigenous) gyiwM e‡j| G‡ì
D‡j- L‡hvM¨ Rv‡Zi wWg I gvsm Lye my¯^v`y| †ivMcÖwZ‡iva ¶gZvI †ewk| Giv AZ¨šÍ Kzu‡P ¯^fv‡ei nq A_©vr wW‡g
gyiwM †bB|
Zv †`qvi cÖeYZv G‡ì g‡a¨ cÖej| Gme †`kx gyiwM Drcv`‡bi w`K w`‡q †Zgb fv‡jv bv
n‡jI G‡`‡k gyiwMi `y‡Uv fv‡jv RvZ i‡q‡Q| †hgb- Avwmj I wPUvMvs ev gvjq| GLv‡b
Avwmj Rv‡Zi gyiwMi eY©bv †`qv n‡q‡Q|
K− †`kx †gviM L− †`kx gyiwM

wPÎ 12 (K, L)t †`kx †gviM I gyiwM

Avgv‡ì †`‡k wWg ev Avwmj (Asil) t Avwmj A_©vr Avmj ev LvuwU| GwU evsjv‡`‡ki GKwU weï× Rv‡Zi gyiwM|
gvsm Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ PÆMÖvg †Rjvi Av‡bvqviv _vbv I eªvþYevwoqv †Rjvi mivBj _vbvq G Rv‡Zi gyiwM cvIqv hvq|
†Zgb †Kv‡bv fvi‡Zi nvq`vivev` AÂ‡jI G‡ì cvIqv hvq| Giv †ek eo nq| G‡ì †`‡ni MVb ewjô I
D‡j- L‡hvM¨ Rv‡Zi `„p, Mjv I cv `y‡Uv j¤^v, gv_v †ek PIov, Kv‡bi jwZ Lye †QvU nq| G‡ì gv_vq gUi SuywU
gyiwM †bB|
_v‡K| †`‡n cvjK Lye Kg _v‡K I cvj‡Ki iO jvj nq| G‡ì A‡bK¸‡jv DcRvZ i‡q‡Q|
G Rv‡Zi †gviM fv‡jv jovB Ki‡Z cv‡i| ZvB A‡b‡K kL K‡i G‡ì cvjb K‡i _v‡Kb|
G‡ì gvsm Lye my¯^v`y| Giv wWg Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ fv‡jv bq| cÖvßeq¯‹ †gviM I gyiwMi IRb
h_vµ‡g 4.0-4.5 I 3.0-3.5 †KwR nq|
mviwY 1 t GK bR‡i gyiwMi PviwU †kªYxi cwiwPwZ

†kªYxi bvg RvZ Pvgovi Kv‡bi wW‡gi cv‡qi bvjvq AvK…wZ Dc‡hvwMZv
iO jwZi iO †Lvmvi iO cvjK
Av‡gwiKvb CøvBgvD_ iK, †ivW njy` jvj ev`vwg †bB gvSvwi wWg I gvsm
AvBj¨vÛ †iW, wbD
n¨v¤úkvqvi,
DBb‡WvU
f‚ga¨mvMixq †jMnb©, wgbK©v, njy` ev mv`v mv`v †bB †QvU wWg
A¨vb‡Kvbv, dvBIwg mv`v
A¨v›`v‡jvwmqvb
Bswjk A÷ªvjc©, mv‡m·, mv`v jvj ev`vwg †bB gvSvwi wWg I gvsm
KwY©k, AiwcsUb
GwkqvwUK eªvngv, †KvwPb, njy` jvj ev`vwg Av‡Q eo gvsm
j¨vsk¨vb
mviwY 2 t GK bR‡i gyiwMi wewfbœ RvZ/DcRv‡Zi cwiwPwZ

RvZ DcRv‡Zi Pvgovi Kv‡bi wW‡gi cv‡qi SuywUi aib evwl©K wWg cÖvßeq‡m Mo
msL¨v iO jwZi †Lvmvi ivjvq IRb (†KwR)
iO iO cvjK Drcv`b †gviM gyiwM
c vBgvD_ 7 njy` jvj ev`vwg †bB GKK SuywU 100-150 4.3 3.4
iK
†ivW 2 njy` jvj ev`vwg †bB GKK/ 150-200 3.9 2.9
AvBj¨vÊ †Mvjvc SuywU
†iW
A÷ªvjc© 1 mv`v jvj wUb‡UW †bB GKK SzuwU 150-200 3.9 2.9
mv‡m· 3 mv`v jvj ev`vwg †bB GKK SuywU − 4.1 3.2
KwY©k 4 njy` jvj ev`vwg †bB gUi SzuwU − 4.8 3.8
†jMnb© 13 njy` mv`v mv`v †bB GKK/ 200-250 2.7 2.0
†Mvjvc SzuwU
wgbK©v 5 mv`v mv`v mv`v †bB GKK/ 180-200 4.1 3.4
†Mvjvc SzuwU
A¨vb‡Kvbv 2 njy` mv`v mv`v †bB GKK/ 150-200 2.7 2.0
†Mvjvc SuywU
eªvngv 3 njy` jvj ev`vwg Av‡Q gUi SuywU − 5.4 4.3
†KvwPb 4 njy` jvj ev`vwg Av‡Q GKK SzuwU − 5.0 3.9
j¨vsk¨vb 2 mv`v jvj ev`vwg Av‡Q GKK SuywU − 4.3 3.4
eZ©gv‡b weï× Rv‡Zi evwYwR¨K gyiwM

gyiwM¸‡jv evwYwR¨KwfwË‡Z
†cvlv nq bv|

eZ©gv‡b weï× Rv‡Zi gyiwM¸‡jv we‡k¦i †Kv_vIB evwYwR¨KwfwË‡Z †cvlv nq bv| evsjv‡`‡k
miKvix gyiwM Lvvgvi¸‡jv‡Z weï× Rv‡Zi gyiwM cvjb Kiv n‡q _v‡K| Gme Lvgv‡ii
gyiwM¸‡jvi g‡a¨ †nvqvBU †jMnb©, †ivW AvBj¨vÛ †iW Ges dvBIwg Rv‡Zi gyiwMB cªavb|
eZ©gv‡b weÁvwbiv M‡elYv I DbœZ evQvB cÖwµqvi gva¨‡g wWg I gvsm Drcv`bKvix wewfbœ
†÷ªB‡bi gyiwM Drcv`b K‡i‡Qb| G¸‡jv h_vµ‡g †jqvi I eªqjvi bv‡g cwiwPZ| evsjv‡`‡k
†emiKvix ch©v‡q eûmsL¨K evwYwR¨K †jqvi I eªqjvi M‡o D‡V‡Q|
wWg Drcv`‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ †jqvi (Layer) t wWg Drcv`‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ eëüZ gyiwM‡K †jqvi gyiwM e‡j| eZ©gvb we‡k¦i
eëüZ gyiwM‡K †jqvi †ewkifvM evwYwR¨K †jqviB 18-19 mßv‡ni g‡a¨ wWgcvov ïiy K‡i Ges GKvav‡i GK eQ‡i
gyiwM e‡j| 290-300wU wWg cv‡o| †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv †÷ªB‡bi †jqvi eQ‡i GgbKx 330wU ch©šÍ wWg
cvo‡Z m¶g| G‡ì wW‡gi IRb 55-65 Mªvg n‡q _v‡K| eZ©gvb we‡k¦i AwaK Drcv`bkxj
†jqvi¸‡jvi g‡a¨ Bmv eªvDb, nvB‡m· †nvqvBU, nvB‡m· eªvDb, †kfvi ÷vi µm 579, †kfvi
÷vi µm 566, we.wf.-300, we.wf.-380, †jvng¨vb eªvDb, nvBjvBb eªvDb, e¨v‡evjbv †UUªv
Gm.Gj., wbK wPK, eªvDb wbK, †evfvbm †Mvì jvBb cÖf…wZ D‡jøL‡hvM¨| G¸‡jv eZ©gv‡b
evsjv‡`‡kI cvIqv hv‡”Q|
K− nvB‡m· eªvDb †jqvi L− we.wf.-300 †jqvi

wPÎ 13 (K, L) t nvB‡m· eªvDb I we.wf.-300 †jqvi gyiwM
eªqjvi (Broiler) t eªqjvi n‡jv big I my¯^v`y gvsm Drcv`bKvix gyiwM †h¸‡jv 35-42 w`‡b
eªqjvi n‡jv big I my¯^v`y
gvsm Drcv`bKvix gyiwM cÖvq 3-3.5 †KwR Lv`¨ †L‡q 1.8 †KwR gvsm Drcv`b K‡i _v‡K| gvÎ 6 mßvn cvjb Kivi ci
†h¸‡jv 6 mßv‡n cÖvq 3-3.5 eªqjvi evRviRvZ Kiv nq| eªqjv‡ii gvsm eZ©gv‡b G‡`‡k †ek RbwcÖqZv jvf K‡i‡Q|
†KwR Lv`¨ †L‡q 1.8 †KwR eZ©gv‡b we‡k¦i evwYwR¨K eªqjvi¸‡jvi g‡a¨ ÷vi †eªv, UªwcK †eªv, Bmv †f‡WU, Aviei A¨vK&i,
gvsm Drcv`b K‡i _v‡K| im eªqjvi, nveevW© eªqjvi, wcjP& eªqjvi cÖf…wZ D‡j- L‡hvM¨| G¸‡jv eZ©gv‡b G‡`‡kI cvIqv
hv‡”Q|

K− Bmv †f‡WU eªqjvi L− ÷vi †eªv eªqjvi

wPÎ 14 (K, L) t Bmv †f‡WU I ÷vi †eªv eªqjvi gyiwM
cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb 1.1
1| mwVK DË‡ii cv‡k wUK wPý (√) w`b|
K. †Kvb& †kªYxi AšÍf©y³ me¸‡jv Rv‡Zi gyiwMi wW‡gi †Lvmvi iO mv`v?
i) Av‡gwiKvb †kªYx
ii) f‚ga¨mvMixq †kªYx
iii) Bswjk †kªYx
iv) GwkqvwUK †kªYx
L. evsjv‡`‡ki gyiwMi RvZ `y‡Uvi bvg Kx Kx?
i) wgbK©v I †jMnb©
ii) AiwcsUb I gvjq
iii) wPUvMvs I wbD n¨v¤úkvqvi
iv) Avwmj I wPUvMvs ev gvjq
2| mZ¨ n‡j ÔmÕ Ges wg_¨v n‡j ÔwgÕ wjLyb|

K. †kªYxi Aax‡b AvKvi I AvK…wZi mv`„‡ki AwaKvix gyiwM¸‡jv‡K GKwU Rv‡Zi AšÍf©y³
Kiv nq|
L. †ivW AvBj¨vÛ †iW Rv‡Zi gyiwMi DrcwË Bsj¨v‡Ûi mv‡m‡·|
3| k~b¨¯’vb c~iY Kiyb|

K. f‚ga¨mvMixq †kªYxi RvZ¸‡jvi g‡a¨  †ek eo I fvwi|
L. cÖvßeq¯‹ Avwmj Rv‡Zi †gviM I gyiwMi IRb h_vµ‡g  I  †KwR|
4| GK K_vq ev ev‡K¨ DËi w`b|

K. A÷ªvjc© kãwUi cy‡iv A_© Kx?
L. eªvngv Rv‡Zi Avmj bvg Kx wQj?

cvV 1.2 wewfbœ Rv‡Zi nvu‡mi cwiwPwZ

cvj‡bi D‡Ïk¨ Abyhvqx wewfbœ †kªYxi nuv‡mi Rv‡Zi bvg ej‡Z cvi‡eb|
wewfbœ Rv‡Zi nvu‡mi DrcwË, ˆ`wnK êwkó¨ Ges Drcv`b ¶gZv eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
M„ncvwjZ nuvm¸‡jvi (domestic duck) †ek KwU cÖRvwZ Av‡Q| †hgb- gvjvW© (Mallard),
gvm‡Kvwf BZ¨vw`| gvjvW© nuvm †_‡K †ewkifvM M„ncvwjZ nvu‡mi DrcwË n‡q‡Q| Gi êÁvwbK
bvg Anas platyrhynchos (A¨vbvm c ¨vwUwibKm)| wewfbœ Rv‡Zi nuvm‡K wewfbœ D‡Ï‡k¨
D‡Ïk¨ Abyhvqx nuv‡mi wewfbœ cvjb Kiv nq| †hgb- wWg Drcv`b, gvsm Drcv`b, †kvfvea©b BZ¨vw`| Kv‡RB D‡Ïk¨ Abyhvqx
RvZ¸‡jv‡K wZbwU †kªYx‡Z fvM nuv‡mi wewfbœ RvZ¸‡jv‡K wbæwjwLZ wZbwU †kªYx‡Z fvM Kiv hvq| †hgb-
Kiv hvq| †hgb- gvsm
Drcv`bKvix, wWg Drcv`bKvix 1 gvsm Drcv`bKvix RvZ
I †kvfvea©K RvZ| 2 wWg Drcv`bKvix RvZ
3 †kvfvea©K RvZ
G cv‡V G wZb †kªYxi wewfbœ Rv‡Zi nuv‡mi DrcwË¯’j, ˆ`wnK êwkó¨ I Drcv`b ¶gZv eY©bv
Kiv n‡q‡Q|
gvsm Drcv`bKvix nuv‡mi gvsm Drcv`bKvix nuv‡mi RvZmg~n

wewfbœ Rv‡Zi g‡a¨ †cwKb, gvsm Drcv`bKvix nuv‡mi wewfbœ Rv‡Zi g‡a¨ †cwKb, AvB‡jmevwi, gvm‡Kvwf, †iv‡qb cÖf…wZ
AvB‡jmevwi, gvm‡Kvwf, D‡jøL‡hvM¨| GLv‡b G‡ì msw¶ß eY©bv †`qv n‡q‡Q|
†iv‡qb cÖf…wZ D‡jøL‡hvM¨|
1. †cwKb (Pekin) t gvsm Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ GwU we‡k¦i me©v‡c¶v RbwcÖq RvZ| Gi gvsm LyeB
my¯^v`y| Px‡bi ivRavbx †eBwRs‡qi bvgvbymv‡i eZ©gv‡b G nvum †eBwRs nvum bv‡g cwiwPZ|
DrcwË¯’j t Pxb
†`n t cÖk¯— I j¤^v
gv_v t eo, †MvjvKvi, cÖk¯Í Ges gv_vi Lywj DuPz
†VuvU t Lv‡Uv, cÖk¯Í I gReyZ
cv t jvj‡P Kgjv i‡Oi

cvjK t mv`v i‡Oi
IRb t cÖvßeq¯‹ nuvmv- 4.0 †KwR
cÖvßeq¯‹ nuvwm- 3.5 †KwR
2. AvB‡jmevwi (Aylesbury)

†`n t j¤^v I Mfxi; gv_v I †`n memgq Lvov K‡i iv‡L
gv_v t eo, †mvRv I j¤^v
wcV t †mvRv
cv t D¾j Kgjv i‡Oi
cvjK t mv`v i‡Oi
IRb t cÖvßeq¯‹ nvumv− 4.5 †KwR
cÖvßeq¯‹ nvuwm− 4.0 †KwR
wPÎ 15 t AvB‡jmevwi Rv‡Zi nvum
3. gvm‡Kvwf (Muscovy) : G Rv‡Zi nuv‡mi `y‡Uv DcRvZ Av‡Q| †hgb− mv`v gvm‡Kvwf I
iwOb gvm‡Kvwf|
DrcwË¯’j t `w¶Y Av‡gwiKv
†`n t AvKv‡i eo, j¤^v I cÖk¯—
†VvuU t mv`v DcRvZ− nvjKv gqjv
iwOb DcRvZ− Kv‡jv ev †k- ‡Ui i‡Oi
cv t mv`v DcRvZ− nvjKv Kgjv-njy`
iwOb DcRvZ− Kv‡jv
cvjK t mv`v DcRvZ− mv`v i‡Oi
iwOb DcRvZ− Kv‡jv I mv`vi wgkªY
IRb t cÖvßeq¯‹ nvumv− 5.0-5.5 †KwR
cÖvßeq¯‹ nvuwm− 2.5-3.0 †KwR

wPÎ 16 t gvm‡Kvwf Rv‡Zi nuvm
3. †iv‡qb (Rouen)
DrcwË¯’j t d«v‡Ýi †iv‡qb kni
†`n t cÖk¯—, †`L‡Z my›ì
gv_v t †ek eo, j¤^v I cÖk¯—
†VvuU t P¨vÞv; nvumvi †VvuU D¾¡j jvj Ges meyRvf njy` I Kv‡jv
wejhy³, nvuwmi †VvuU D¾¡j Kgjv I Kv‡jv wejhy³
IRb t cÖvßeq¯‹ nvumv− 4.5 †KwR
cÖvßeq¯‹ nvuwm− 4.0 †KwR
wWg Drcv`b t eQ‡i cÖvq 100wU
wPÎ 17 t †iv‡qb Rv‡Zi nuvm

wWg Drcv`bKvix nvu‡mi wWg Drcv`bKvix RvZmg~n

wewfbœ Rv‡Zi g‡a¨ BwÊqvb wWg Drcv`bKvix nvu‡mi wewfbœ Rv‡Zi g‡a¨ BwÊqvb ivbvi, LvwK K¨v¤ú‡ej, †RbwWs cÖf…wZ
ivbvi, LvwK K¨v¤ž‡ej, D‡j- L‡hvM¨| GLv‡b G‡ì msw¶ß eY©bv †`qv n‡q‡Q|
†RbwWs cÖf…wZ D‡j- L‡hvM¨|
1 BwÛqvb ivbvi (Indian Runner) t G Rv‡Zi nvum AvKv‡i †ek †QvU| Giv Ab¨vb¨
nvu‡mi g‡Zv †n‡j`y‡j bv P‡j †mvRv n‡q P‡j| G‡ì wZbwU DcRvZ i‡q‡Q, †hgb- mv`v, a~mi
Ges mv`v-a~mi| Z‡e, mv`v DcRvZB AwaK Drcv`b ¶gZvm¤úbœ|
DrcwË¯’j t B‡›`v‡bwkqv, gj‡qwkqv
†`n t nvjKvcvZjv, j¤^v I †MvjvKvi
gv_v t miy, mgZj, †`n eivei gv_v GKUz DaŸ©gyLx
†VvuU t Kgjv-njy` i‡Oi
Mjv t gm„Y, j¤^v I wPKb
cv t Kgjv-njy` i‡Oi
Wvbv t †`‡ni Zzjbvq Wvbv †QvU
cvjK t LyeB Avu‡Uvmv‡Uv I myweb¨¯—
wPÎ 18 t BwÛqvb ivbvi Rv‡Zi nuvm
2. LvwK K¨v¤ú‡ej (Khaki Campbell) t Bsj¨v‡Ûi wg‡mm K¨v¤ú‡ej bv‡g GKRb gwnjv
1901 mv‡j G Rv‡Zi nuvm D™¢veb K‡ib| Zvui bvgvbymv‡i Ges nvu‡mi Mv‡qi iO LvwK nIqvq
G Rv‡Zi nvu‡mi bvg n‡q‡Q LvwK K¨v¤ú‡ej| G Rv‡Zi `y‡Uv DcRvZ i‡q‡Q| h_v−
mv`v I LvwK|

†`n t Mfxi, cÖk¯—, Avu‡Uvmv‡Uv I mvg‡bi fvM †MvjvKvi; †jR
A‡c¶vK…Z Lv‡Uv I P¨vÞv
gv_v t †MvjvKvi
†VvuU t gvSvwi AvKv‡ii Ges meyRvf bxj i‡Oi
Mjv t wPKb, †mvRv, gm„Y I gvSvwi j¤^v
Wvbv t Auv‡Uvmv‡Uv
cvjK t LvwK i‡Oi
cv I cv‡qi cvZv t nvumv− Kgjv i‡Oi
nvuwm− cvj‡Ki i‡Oi mv‡_ wgj _vK‡e
wPÎ 19 t LvwK K¨v¤ú‡ej Rv‡Zi nuvm
3. †RbwWs (Zending) t G‡`‡k G Rv‡Zi nvu‡mi RbwcÖqZv w`b w`b evo‡Q| Giv jeYv³
GjvKvi Rb¨ †ek Dc‡hvMx|
DrcwË¯’j t Pxb
Giv AvKv‡i LvwK K¨v¤ú‡e‡ji g‡Zv| G‡ì Mjv wPKb I LyeB j¤^v| nvumvi gv_v I
Nv‡oi Ask D¾¦j meyR i‡Oi Ges Ab¨vb¨ Ask LvwK i‡Oi| nvuwmi i‡O LvwK I Kv‡jvi
wgkªY| Giv LvwK K¨v¤ú‡ej A‡c¶v gv_v I kixi wKQyUv DuPz K‡i Pjv‡div K‡i| 110
w`‡bi g‡a¨ G‡ì cwic°Zv Av‡m| cÖvßeq¯‹ nvumv I nvuwmi IRb h_vµ‡g 1.5-2.0 I
1.0-1.5 †KwR| Giv eQ‡i 260-300wU ch©š— bxj‡P i‡Oi wWg †c‡o _v‡K|

wPÎ 20 t GK SuvK †RbwWs Rv‡Zi nvum
Abykxjb (Activity) t gvsm I wWg Drcv`bKvix wewfbœ Rv‡Zi nuv‡mi ˆ`wnK I Drcv`b
êwkó¨vejx QK AvKv‡i wjLyb|
†kvfvea©bKvix wewfbœ Rv‡Zi †kvfvea©bKvix nvu‡mi RvZmg~n

nuv‡mi g‡a¨ Kj, †µ‡÷W, †kvfvea©bKvix wewfbœ Rv‡Zi nuvm †mŠ›`‡h©ï Rb¨ cvjb Kiv nq| we‡k¦i A‡bK †`‡kB wewfbœ
eø¨vK B÷ BwÛqvb, Kv‡qvMv, eøy
myBwWm cÖf…wZ D‡j- L‡hvM¨| †cvwëª K¬ve Gme †kvfvea©K nuvm wewfbœ †mŠ›`h© cÖwZ‡hvMxZvq cÖ`k©b K‡i _v‡Kb| Z‡e G‡`‡k
Gme nuvm †cvlv nq bv| †kvfvea©bKvix wewfbœ Rv‡Zi nuv‡mi g‡a¨ wb¤œwjwLZ¸‡jv
D‡j- L‡hvM¨| †hgb-
1. Kj
2. †µ‡÷W
3. Eø¨vK B÷ BwÛqvb
4. Kv‡qvMv
5. eøy myBwWm
K− Kj Rv‡Zi nuvwm L− †µ‡÷W Rv‡Zi nuvwm

wPÎ 21 (K, L) t Kj I †µ‡÷W Rv‡Zi nuvm

wPÎ 22 t Kv‡qvMv Rv‡Zi nuvmv
†`kx nvum
Gme RvZ QvovI i‡q‡Q Avgv‡ì †`kx nvum| G‡`‡ki †gvU nvu‡mi kZKiv 95 fvMB †`kx
nvum| G‡ì gvsm my¯^v`y| †`‡ni Zzjbvq Mjv Lv‡Uv| †`n gvwU‡K cÖvq ¯úk© K‡i| G‡ì †`‡ni
e‡Y© wewfbœ i‡Oi wgkªY †`Lv hvq| Mo ˆ`wnK IRb 1.0 †KwR| Giv eQ‡i 60-70wU wWg
Drcv`b K‡i _v‡K|
wPÎ 23 t GK SuvK †`kx nvum


1| mwVK DË‡ii cv‡k wUK wPý () w`b|
K. †Kvb&wU gvsm Drcv`‡b eëüZ nvu‡mi RvZ?
i) LvwK K¨v¤ú‡ej
ii) gvm‡Kvwf
iii) †RbwWs
iv) eøy myBwWm
L. †Kvb&wU AwaK wWg Drcv`bKvix nvu‡mi RvZ?
i) BwÛqvb ivbvi
ii) †cwKb
iiii) AvB‡jmevwi
iv) e ¨vK B÷ BwÛqvb

K. †cwKb nuvm eQ‡i 250wU K‡i wWg cv‡o|
L. BwÛqvb ivbvi nvu‡mi DrcwË¯’j fvi‡Z|

K. G‡`‡ki kZKiv 95 fvMB  nuvm|
L.  Rv‡Zi nvu‡mi DrcwË¯’j `w¶Y Av‡gwiKv|

K. D‡Ïk¨ Abyhvqx nvum‡K †Kvb& †Kvb& †kªYx‡Z fvM Kiv hvq?
L. BwÛqvb ivbvi Rv‡Zi nuv‡mi DcRvZ¸‡jvi bvg wjLyb|

cvV 1.3 †Kv‡q‡ji cwiwPwZ

†Kv‡qj cvj‡bi cUf‚wg ej‡Z cvi‡eb|
Rvcvwb †Kv‡q‡ji wewfbœ DcRv‡Zi bvg wjL‡Z cvi‡eb|
wewfbœ ai‡bi Rvcvwb †Kv‡q‡ji êwkó¨ Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
†Kv‡qj cvj‡bi cUf‚wg

c„w_ex‡Z eû cÖRvwZi †Kv‡qj i‡q‡Q| Z‡e M„ncvwjZ †Kv‡qj wn‡m‡e evwYwR¨KwfwË‡Z ïay
Rvcvwb Ges ee †nvqvBU cÖRvwZi †Kv‡qjB cvjb Kiv nq| Rvcvwb †Kv‡qj wWg I gvsm
c„w_ex‡Z eû cÖRvwZi Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ cvjb Kiv n‡jI ee †nvqvBU †Kv‡qj g~jZ gvsm Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ cvjb Kiv
†Kv‡qj _vK‡jI M„ncvwjZ nq| weÁvbx‡ì g‡Z me©cÖ_g Rvcvb, Pxb ev †Kvwiqv‡Z Rvcvwb †Kv‡qj‡K †cvl gvbv‡bv nq|
cvwL wn‡m‡e ïay Rvcvwb Ab¨w`‡K, M„ncvwjZ ee †nvqvBU †Kv‡q‡ji DrcwË Av‡gwiKvq| eZ©gv‡b we‡k¦ ee †nvqvBU
Ges ee †nvqvBU cÖRvwZi †Kv‡qj A‡c¶v Rvcvwb †Kv‡qj cvjbB †ewk RbwcÖqZv jvf K‡i‡Q| G cv‡V ZvB Rvcvwb
†Kv‡qjB cvjb Kiv nq|
†Kv‡qj wb‡qB Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q|
Rvcvwb †Kv‡qj (Japanese quail) †cvwëªi ¶z`ªZg m`m¨| Gi êÁvwbK bvg Coturnix
japonica (KUziwb· RvcwbKv)| c„w_ex‡Z evwYwR¨KwfwË‡Z cwiPvwjZ †cvwëª wkí †_‡K †h
cwigvY gvsm I wWg Drcvw`Z nq Zvi wmsnfvM Av‡m gyiwM, nvum I UviwK †_‡K| wKš‘ eZ©gv‡b
MZ Õ90 Gi `k‡K Rvcvwb AviI †hme †cvwëª gvsm I wWg Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ cvjb Kiv nq, Zv‡ì g‡a¨ Rvcvwb †Kv‡qj
†Kv‡qj G‡`‡k Avm‡jI Ab¨Zg| Rvcvwb †Kv‡qj G‡`‡ki †cvwëª wk‡íi bexb m`m¨| G‡`‡ki K‡qKRb Drmvnx
B‡Zvg‡a¨B GwU h‡_ó †cvwëª Lvgvix Õ90 `k‡Ki †k‡li w`‡K me©cÖ_g Rvcvwb †Kv‡qj Avg`vwb K‡ib| wewfbœ
RbwcÖqZv AR©b K‡i‡Q|
M‡elYvq †`Lv †M‡Q, G‡`‡ki AvenvIqv evwYwR¨KwfwË‡Z †Kv‡qj cvj‡bi Rb¨ AZ¨š—
Dc‡hvMx| eZ©gv‡b XvKvmn evsjv‡`‡ki wewfbœ †Rjv kni I _vbv ch©v‡q †ekwKQy †Kv‡qj
Lvgvi ev †Kv‡qjvwi (Quailary) M‡o D‡V‡Q| B‡Zvg‡a¨B GwU h‡_ó RbwcÖqZv AR©b K‡i‡Q
Ges G‡`‡ki †cvwëª wk‡í wb‡Ri Avmb gReyZ K‡i‡Q|
†Kv‡q‡ji RvZ/DcRvZ
evwYwR¨K Rvcvwb †Kv‡q‡ji A‡bK¸‡jv RvZ I DcRvZ i‡q‡Q| RvZ I DcRvZ‡f‡` G‡ì
Mv‡qi iO, IRb, AvKvi, AvK…wZ, wWg cvovi nvi, wW‡gi IRb, †eu‡P _vKvi nvi BZ¨vw`‡Z
†ek cv_©K¨ n‡q _v‡K| cÖwZwU RvZ I DcRvZ †_‡K DbœZ evQvB cÖwµqvi gva¨‡g cÖRbb NwU‡q
wewfbœ †÷ªBb (strain) I jvBb (line) m„wó Kiv n‡q‡Q| †÷ªBb‡f‡` †Kv‡q‡ji wWg cvov,
wW‡gi IRb, gvsm Drcv`b ¶gZv cÖf…wZ‡Z wKQyUv cv_©K¨ j¶¨ Kiv hvq|
eZ©gv‡b cvuPwU DcRv‡Zi †jqvi †Kv‡qj (Layer quail)

†jqvi †Kv‡qj †ewk RbwcÖq| eZ©gv‡b c„w_ex‡Z cvuPwU DcRv‡Zi †jqvi †Kv‡qj †ewk RbwcÖq| †hgb-
†hgb- dvivI, weªwUk †iÄ, 1. dvivI
Bswjk †nvqvBU, g¨vbPzwiqvb 2. weªwUk †iÄ
†Mv‡ìb I Uz‡·‡Wv|
3. Bswjk †nvqvBU
4. g¨vbPzwiqvb †Mv‡ìb I
5. Uz‡·‡Wv
cuvP DcRv‡Zi †Kv‡q‡ji g‡a¨ cÖRbb NwU‡q bvbv e‡Y©i †Kv‡qj ˆZwi Kiv hvq| G
DcRvZ¸‡jvi g‡a¨ dvivI DrK…óZi| ZvB wek¦e¨vcx Gi KìB †ewk| dvivI DcRvZ †_‡K

eªvDb †Kv‡qj bv‡g GKwU †÷ªBb ˆZwi Kiv n‡q‡Q| evsjv‡`‡k wW‡gi Rb¨ dvivI Ges eªvDb
`ycÖKv‡ii †Kv‡qjB cvjb Kiv nq|
†jqvi †Kv‡q‡ji êwkó¨ t Rvcvwb †Kv‡qj †QvULvU I MvÆv‡MvÆv cvwL| G‡ì †VuvU, Nvo I cv
†jqvi †Kv‡qj¸‡jv RvZ‡f‡`
150-200 MÖvg n‡q _v‡K| Lv‡Uv, †jR †QvU| cvj‡Ki Zzjbvq †`n (gvsm, nvo I bvwof‚uwo) †ewk fvwi| †Vuv‡Ui AvMv †_‡K
Giv eQ‡i 290-300wU iwOb †j‡Ri WMv ch©š— G‡KKwU †Kv‡qj M‡o 17.5 †m.wg. j¤^v nq| IR‡b RvZ‡f‡` 150-200
Kvi KvRhy³ wWg cv‡o| MÖvg ch©š— n‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e Avgv‡ì †`‡k Avbv g`©v I gvw` †Kv‡qj¸‡jvi IRb h_vµ‡g
120-130 MÖvg I 140-150 MÖvg n‡q _v‡K| †Kv‡q‡ji wWg¸‡jv AZ¨š— my›ì| wW‡gi †Lvmvi
iO Mvp nj‡` †_‡K nvjKv ev`vwg| †Lvmvi G i‡Oi Dci _v‡K AmsL¨ †QvUeo bxj, †e¸wb,
L‡qwi ev P‡Kv‡jU i‡Oi Kvi“KvR ev `vM| G‡KK †Kv‡q‡ji wW‡gi Kvi“KvR ev
Kvi“Kv‡Ri iO G‡KK iKg nq| †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv jvB‡bi †Kv‡qj eQ‡i 290-300wU wWg
cv‡o|
dvivI †Kv‡q‡ji cvj‡Ki iO dvivI †Kv‡q‡ji êwkó¨ t dvivI †Kv‡q‡ji cvj‡Ki iO ûeû ey‡bv Rvcvwb †Kv‡q‡ji g‡Zv|
ûeû ey‡bv Rvcvwb †Kv‡q‡ji G‡ì cvj‡Ki iO ev`vwg| Z‡e mviv Mv‡q Mvp P‡Kv‡jU ev Kv‡jv i‡Oi †Qvc _v‡K| cÖvßeq¯‹
g‡Zv| Giv 6-7 mßvn eq‡m g`©v¸‡jvi ey‡Ki Dc‡ii Ask nj‡` ev`vwg Ges wb‡Pi Ask nvjKv ev`vwg, Avi gyLgÛ‡ji
wWg cvov ïiy K‡i| iOUv L‡qwi| gvw`¸‡jvi gyLgÛj, Nvo I ey‡Ki Dc‡ii Ask ev`vwg| ey‡Ki Dc‡ii As‡ki G
ev`vwg i‡Oi Dci Kv‡jv ev L‡qwi †MvjvKvi †duvUv _v‡K| G‡ì ey‡Ki wb‡Pi AskUv Zvgv‡U|
m`¨‡dvUv 6-7 MÖvg IR‡bi ev”Pv¸‡jvi Mv‡qi †Kvgj cvj‡Ki iO nj‡`| Gi Dci L‡qwi ev
Kv‡jv i‡Oi †Qvc _v‡K| Giv 6-7 mßvn eq‡m wWg cvov ïiy K‡i| AvU mßv‡n wWg Drcv`b
50% G †cŠu‡Q| `k mßv‡n Zv †e‡o wM‡q 80% nq Ges 15 mßv‡ni g‡a¨ wWg Drcv`b
m‡e©v”P ch©v‡q (90%) †cŠuQvq| Giv 75% wWg we‡Kj 3-6 Uvi g‡a¨ Ges evwK wWg G mg‡qi
c‡i †c‡o _v‡K|
wPÎ 24 t dvivI DcRv‡Zi gvw` †Kv‡qj
eªvDb †Kv‡q‡ji cvj‡Ki eªvDb †Kv‡q‡ji êwkó¨ t eªvDb †Kv‡q‡ji cvj‡Ki i‡Oi aib dvivI †Kv‡q‡ji g‡ZvB wKš‘ iO
i‡Oi aib dvivI †Kv‡q‡ji G‡Kev‡iB nvjKv; †Kv‡bv Kvj‡Pfve †bB| Z‡e g`©v¸‡jvi gyLgÛ‡ji iO dvivI DcRv‡Zi
g‡ZvB wKš‘ iO G‡Kev‡iB †_‡KI Zzjbvg~jKfv‡e †ewk L‡qwi nq| ev”Pv¸‡jvi †Kvgj cvj‡Ki iO nj‡`| Z‡e G
nvjKv| Giv AZ¨všÍ
kvšÍcÖK„wZi|

nj‡ì Dc‡ii †Qvç‡jv Zzjbvg~jKfv‡e nvjKv| Giv AZ¨šÍ kvšÍ cÖK…wZi, dvivI †Kv‡q‡ji
g‡Zv gvivgvwi ev †VvKivVzKwi K‡i bv| GQvov evwK me êwkó¨ cÖvq dvivI †Kv‡q‡ji g‡ZvB|
wPÎ 25 t g`©v I gvw` eªvDb †Kv‡qj
eªqjvi †Kv‡q‡ji gvsm eªqjvi †Kv‡qj (Broiler quail)

AZ¨š— big I my¯^v`y| 5 eªqjvi †Kv‡q‡ji gvsm AZ¨š— big I my¯^v`y| G¸‡jv AZ¨šÍ DuPz`‡ii Lv`¨ wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ
mßvn eq‡mi G‡KKwU eªqjvi
†Kv‡q‡ji RxweZ IRb 140- nq| cuvP mßvn eq‡mi G‡KKwU eªqjvi †Kv‡q‡ji RxweZ IRb 140-150 MÖvg nq| G¸‡jv
150 MÖvg nq| G¸‡jv †_‡K †_‡K cÖvq 72.5% LvIqvi Dc‡hvMx gvsm cvIqv hvq| gvsm Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ c„w_ex‡Z h‡Zv
cÖvq 72.5% gvsm cvIqv
hvq| ai‡bi †Kv‡qj m„wó n‡q‡Q Zvi g‡a¨ fvi‡Zi ZvwgjbvWz cÖ‡`‡ki †KvBgev‡Uvi¯’
(Coimbatore) G. wf. Gg. n¨vPvwiR GÛ weªwWs wimvP© †m›Uvi (cÖvt) wjwg‡UW KZ©„K Drcbœ
mv`v eyK (white breasted) †Kv‡qjB DrK…óZg| Aek¨ GwU GLbI Avgv‡ì †`‡k Avbv nq
wb| ZvB AvcvZZ †jqvi †Kv‡q‡ji g`©v¸‡jvB eªqjvi wn‡m‡e eëüZ n‡”Q| G‡ì gvsm
Drcv`b nviI h‡_ó fv‡jv|
Abykxjb (Activity) t †jqvi I eªqjvi †Kv‡q‡ji êwkó¨¸‡jv QK AvKv‡i ˆZwi Kiyb|


K. Rvcvwb †Kv‡qj‡K me©cÖ_g †Kv_vq †cvl gvbv‡bv nq?
i) Rvcv‡b
ii) Rvcvb I †Kvwiqv‡Z
iii) Pxb I Rvcv‡b
iv) Rvcvb, Pxb ev †Kvwiqv‡Z
L. cuvP mßvn eq‡mi G‡KKwU †Kv‡q‡ji RxweZ IRb KZ?
i) 140-150 MÖvg
ii) 150-160 MÖvg
iii) 150-170 MÖvg
iv) 150-200 MÖvg

K. dvivI DcRv‡Zi Rvcvwb †Kv‡qj ¯^fv‡e AZ¨šÍ kvšÍ cÖK…wZi|
L. Rvcvwb †Kv‡qj †cvwëªi ¶z`ªZg m`m¨|

K. †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv jvB‡bi †Kv‡qj eQ‡i  wWg cv‡o|
L. eªqjvi †Kv‡q‡ji gvsm AZ¨š—  I  |

K. mv`v eyK eªqjvi †Kv‡qj Drcv`bKvix cÖwZôv‡bi bvg Kx?
L. †Kv‡q‡ji wW‡gi iO †Kgb?

cvV 1.4 ivRnvu‡mi cwiwPwZ

wewfbœ Rv‡Zi ivRnvu‡mi cwiPq eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
wewfbœ Rv‡Zi ivRnvu‡mi DrcwË, ˆ`wnK I Drcv`b êwkó¨ ej‡Z I wjL‡Z cvi‡eb|
M„ncvwjZ ivRnuv‡mi (domestic goose) êÁvwbK bvg Anser answer (Avbmvi A¨vbmvi)|
ivRnvum g~jZ gvsm Drcv`‡bi Rb¨B cvjb Kiv nq| AvKv‡i gvSvwi Rv‡Zi Drcv`b ¶gZv
†ewk| Z…Ygq GjvKvq ivRnvum cvjb Ki‡j Lv`¨ LiP Kg nq| ivRnvu‡mi wWg Drcv`b
ivRnvum g~jZ gvsm †gŠmywg| UjyDBm Ges A¨v¤^‡Wb‡K m‡ev©rK…ó RvZ wn‡m‡e g‡b Kiv nq| me ivRnvumB mvnmx
Drcv`‡bi Rb¨B cvjb Ges AwaK Rxebxkw³i AwaKvix| GLv‡b K‡qKwU Rv‡Zi ivRnuv‡mi msw¶ß eY©bv †`qv
Kiv nq| n‡q‡Q|
UjyDBm gvsmj I eo 1. UjyDBm ivRnvum (Toulouse geese) t G‡ì DrcwË d«v‡Ý| Giv gvsmj I eo AvKv‡ii
AvKv‡ii ivRnuvm| ivRnuvm| †`n j¤^v, cÖk¯— I Mfxi hv gvwUi mgvšÍivj K‡i iv‡L| UjyDBm ivRnuv‡mi Ab¨Zg
êwkó¨ n‡jv G‡ì eyK DuPz, cyiy I Mfxi| Wvbv j¤^v, †jR Lv‡Uv, gv_v eo, †VuvU gReyZ, Mjv
j¤^v I cyiy Ges cv gReyZ| cvj‡Ki i‡O Mvp I nvjKv a~m‡ii wgkªY †`Lv hvq| †VvuU, cv I
cv‡qi cvZv Kgjv Ges †PvL †Nvjv ev`vwg i‡Oi| cÖvßeq¯‹ nvumv I nvuwmi IRb h_vµ‡g 12.7-
13.0 I 9.1-10.0 †KwR n‡q _v‡K|
wPÎ 26 t UjyDBm Rv‡Zi ivRnuvm
A¨v¤^‡Wb nvumv I nvuwm

2. A¨v¤^‡Wb (Embden) t G Rv‡Zi ivRnuv‡mi DrcwË Rvgv©wb‡Z| G‡ì †`n cÖk¯Í, cyiy I
Df‡qB mv`v i‡Oi| †MvjvKvi| wcV j¤^v, †mvRv I gReyZ| Wvbv `y‡Uv AvKv‡i j¤^v| gv_v j¤^v I †mvRv, †VuvU
gReyZ, †PvL LyeB D¾¡j n‡q _v‡K| cv Lye Lv‡Uv, cvjK k³ I myweb¨¯—| nvumv I nvuwm
Df‡qB mv`v i‡Oi| †VuvU Kgjv Ges †PvL nvjKv bxj| cv I cv‡qi cvZv Kgjv i‡Oi|
cÖvßeq¯‹ nvumv I nvuwmi IRb h_vµ‡g 13.6-15.4 I 9.1-10.0 †KwR n‡q _v‡K|

wPÎ 27 t A¨v¤^‡Wb Rv‡Zi ivRnuvm
Avwd«Kvb ivRnvum AvKv‡i 3. Avwd«Kvb ivRnvum t Giv AvKv‡i †ek eo I j¤^v| gv_v cÖk¯— I Mfxi| gv_vq eo ai‡bi
†ek eo I j¤^v| ¸wU _v‡K| gv_v Lvuov K‡i Pjv‡div K‡i| wcV cÖk¯Í, P¨vÞv I j¤^v| eyK †MvjvKvi| Wvbv eo
I gReyZ Ges †jR eo| G‡ì MjK¤^j i‡q‡Q hv cyiy I eo| cv gvSvwi j¤^v| nvumv I nvuwm
Df‡qi gv_vi iO nvjKv ev`vwg| Mjvi cvjK nvjKv a~mi ev`vwg Ges kix‡ii evwK As‡ki
cvj‡K cÖk¯Í I Kvj‡P ev`vwg †WvivKvUv `vM _v‡K| cÖvßeq¯‹ nvumv I nvuwmi IRb h_vµ‡g
9.10 I 8.15 †KwR n‡q _v‡K|
wPÎ 28 t Avwd«Kvb Rv‡Zi ivRnuvm
4. Avwd«Kvb mv`v ivRnvum t G‡ì AvKvi-AvK…wZ I Aeqe Avwd«Kvb ivRnuv‡mi g‡ZvB| Z‡e,
cvj‡Ki iO mv`v|

Av‡gwiKvb a~mi ivRnvum 5. Av‡gwiKvb a~mi ivRnvum t Giv AvKv‡i gvSvwi| eyK cÖk¯— I Mfxi| Nvo †_‡K †jR
AvKv‡i gvSvwi| Pjv‡divi ch©š— cvjK abyK AvK…wZi| †j‡R _v‡K P¨vÞv Lvov cvjK| gv_v AvKv‡i gvSvwi I
mgq Lvuov I gvSvwi j¤^v wW¤^vK…wZi| Lvuov I gvSvwi j¤^v MjvwU Pjv‡divi mgq DuPz K‡i iv‡L| gv_vi cvjK d¨vKv‡m
MjvwU DuPz K‡i iv‡L|
a~mi Ges Zv eyK ch©šÍ we¯Í„Z| kix‡ii cvjK nvjKv a~mi i‡Oi Ges Zv µgk d¨vKv‡m n‡q
†cU, wcV I †j‡R mv`v cvj‡K iƒcvšÍwiZ n‡q‡Q| †j‡Ri cvj‡K ev`vwg I mv`vi wgkªY n‡jI
cÖvš—¸‡jv d¨vKv‡k a~mi| †VuvU, cv Ges cv‡qi cvZv Kgjv i‡Oi| Z‡e †PvL †Nvjv‡U Kv‡jv|
cÖvßeq¯‹ nvumv I nvuwmi IRb h_vµ‡g 8.15 I 7.25 †KwR n‡q _v‡K|
a~mi †eªKb ivRnvum LyeB 6. a~mi †eªKb ivRnvum t Giv AvKv‡i gvSvwi Ges AZ¨šÍ gvsmj| G Rv‡Zi ivRnvu‡mi DrcwË
cÖvYPÂj Ges De©i wn‡m‡e e„‡U‡b| G RvZ LyeB cÖvYPÂj Ges De©i wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ| G‡ì kixi cÖk¯Í, eyK †MvjvKvi,
cwiwPZ| Wvbv eo I gReyZ, Mjv wPKb I j¤^v| G Rv‡Zi cv Lv‡Uv I cvjK Avu‡Uvmv‡Uv| nvumv I nvuwm
Df‡qi cvjK Nb a~mi i‡Oi| cv I †VuvU jvj‡P Ges †PvL Mvp ev`vwg| nvumv I nvuwmi IRb
h_vµ‡g 8.90 I 7.25 †KwR n‡q _v‡K|
a~mi wcVIqvjv ivRnvu‡mi 7. a~mi wcVIqvjv ivRnvum t G Rv‡Zi DrcwË BD‡iv‡c| kixi gvwUi mgvšÍivj| AvKv‡i
kixi gvwUi mgvšÍivj| Giv gvSvwi| wcV euvKv‡bv| j¤^v Wvbv †j‡Ri cvjKI AwZµg K‡i| gv_v cÖk¯Í I my›ì| eo eo
AvKv‡i gvSvwi| †PvL, gv_vi cvjK a~mi| Mjvi Dc‡ii cvjK a~mi, wb‡Pi cvjK mv`v| wc‡Vi a~mi cvj‡Ki
cÖvš— mv`v| eyK, kixi, cvLv, †jR mv`v| Z‡e Wvbvi cÖv_wgK I gva¨wgK cvj‡Ki gv_v¸‡jv
a~mi i‡Oi| †VuvU Kgjv, †PvL bxj, cv I cv‡qi cvZv Kgjv i‡Oi| cÖvßeq¯‹ nvumv I nuvwm
IR‡b h_vµ‡g 7.7 I 6.8 †KwR n‡q _v‡K|
Pxbv ivRnvum AvKv‡i †QvU| 8. Pxbv ivRnvum t Pxbv ivRnvum AvKv‡i †QvU| Giv LyeB De©i Rv‡Zi ivRnuvm| G‡ì †`n
Giv LyeB De©i Rv‡Zi myVvg I Lvov| Giv AZ¨šÍ Zrci| G‡ì wcV †ek Lv‡Uv I cÖk¯—| eyK †MvjKvi, Wvbv j¤^v I
ivRnuvm| gReyZ Ges Zv kix‡ii mv‡_ gReyZfv‡e Gu‡U _v‡K| G‡ì gvSvwi AvKv‡ii gv_vq eo
AvKv‡ii ¸wU _v‡K| Mjv Lye j¤^v; A‡bKUv †mvqv‡bi (Swan) g‡Zv| cv Lv‡Uv I gReyZ;
`ycv‡qi gvSLv‡bi `~iZ¡ †ewk| Pxbv ivRnuvm `yai‡bi n‡q _v‡K, †hgb- m¤ú~Y© mv`v I ev`vwg
a~mi i‡Oi| cÖvßeq¯‹ nvumv I nvuwmi IRb h_vµ‡g 4.55-5.45 I 3.60-4.55 †KwR n‡q
_v‡K|
wPÎ 29 t Pxbv Rv‡Zi ivRnvum

QvB i‡Oi wcVIqvjv 9. QvB i‡Oi wcVIqvjv ivRnvum t G‡ì DrcwË Av‡gwiKvq| Giv AvKv‡i gvSvwi| G‡ì cÖavb
ivRnvu‡mi cÖavb êwkó¨ n‡jv êwkó¨ n‡jv eyK cyiy I gvsmj, wcV evuKv, gv_v eo I euvKv‡bv| gv_vi iO mv`v| Z‡e Mjvi
G‡ì eyK cyi“ I gvsmj, Dc‡ii iO QvB Ges wb‡Pi iO mv`v| wc‡Vi iO mv`v| †VuvU jvj‡P, †PvL bxj Ges cv I cv‡qi
wcV evuKv, gv_v eo I
evuKv‡bv|
cvZv jvj‡P| cÖvßeq¯‹ nvumv I nvuwmi IRb h_vµ‡g 7.7 I 6.8 †KwR nq|
wcj MÖxgm Rv‡Zi DrcwË 10. wcj MÖxgm t G Rv‡Zi DrcwË e„‡U‡b| G‡ì eyK Mfxi, cyiy I gvsmj| Wvbv j¤^v I
e„‡U‡b| G‡ì eyK Mfxi, gReyZ| †`n mvgvb¨ Lvov| gvSvwi AvKv‡ii gv_vwU wW¤^vK…wZi| cvjK k³, D¾¡j I
cyi“ I gvsmj| Auv‡Uvmv‡Uv| nvumv mv`v i‡Oi; Z‡e Gi Wvbv I wc‡V a~mi i‡Oi `vM Av‡Q| nvuwmi gv_vq mv`v
I a~mi i‡Oi wgkªY| Mjv I ey‡Ki a~mi i‡Oi cvjK µgk †cQb w`‡K d¨vKv‡k n‡Z n‡Z mv`v
i‡O cwiYZ n‡q‡Q| †VuvU Kgjv Ges †PvL †Nvjv ev`vwg i‡Oi| cv I cv‡qi cvZv Kgjv i‡Oi|
cÖvßeq¯‹ nvumv I nvuwmi IRb h_vµ‡g 6.35 I 5.90 †KwR n‡q _v‡K|
†ivgvb ivRnvum AvKv‡i 11. †ivgvb ivRnvum t G‡ì DrcwË f‚ga¨mvMixq GjvKvq| Giv AvKv‡i †QvU| D¾¡j mv`v
†QvU| D¾¡j mv`v i‡Oi G i‡Oi G ivRnvu‡mi †`n myVvg, Mfxi I †MvjvKvi| Giv ¯^fv‡e kvšÍ| †`‡n nv‡oi Zzjbvq
ivRnvu‡mi †`n myVvg, Mfxi AvbycvwZK nv‡i gvs‡mi cwigvY †ewk| Mjv Lvov| cv Lv‡Uv| †VuvU, cv I cv‡qi cvZv Kgjv
I †MvjvKvi|
Ges †PvL nvjKv bxj i‡Oi| cÖvßeq¯‹ nvumv I nvuwmi IRb h_vµ‡g 5.45-6.35 I 4.55-
5.45 †KwR n‡q _v‡K|
wmev‡÷vcyj ivRnvu‡mi †`n

12. wmev‡÷vcj ivRnuvm (Sebastopol geese) t c~e© BD‡iv‡c m„ó G Rv‡Zi ivRnvu‡mi †`n
Lvov, †cPv‡bv I Aweb¨¯— Lvov, †cPv‡bv I Aweb¨¯— mv`v cvj‡K Ave„Z| Giv AvKv‡i gvSvwi| IR‡bi Zzjbvq G‡ì‡K
mv`v cvj‡K Ave„Z| †`L‡Z A‡bK eo g‡b nq| Giv †ek gvsmj n‡q _v‡K| eyK †ek cyiy I Mfxi| cv Lv‡Uv I
gReyZ| cv I cv‡qi cvZv Kgjv Ges †PvL D¾¡j bxj i‡Oi| cÖvßeq¯‹ nvumv I nvuwmi IRb
h_vµ‡g 6.35 I 5.44 †KwR n‡q _v‡K|
wPÎ 30 t wmev‡÷vcj Rv‡Zi ivRnuvm
G‡`‡k evwYwR¨KwfwË‡Z †`kx ivRnvum t evsjv‡`‡k ivuRnvm cvjb †Zgb RbwcÖq bq| evwYwR¨KwfwË‡Z G‡`‡k ivRnuvm
ivRnuvm †cvlv nq bv| †cvlv nq bv| Z‡e A‡b‡K mL K‡i cy‡l _v‡Kb| G cv‡V ewY©Z ivRnuv‡mi RvZ¸‡jvi g‡a¨
GKwUI G‡`‡k †bB| G‡`‡ki †`kx ivRnuvm¸‡jvi g‡a¨ `yai‡bi iO †`Lv hvq| GKwUi †`‡ni
iO wKQyUv Avwd«Kvb ivRnuv‡mi i‡Oi b¨vq| Ab¨wU cy‡ivcywi mv`v|

wPÎ 31 t ev”Pvmn †`kx ivRnuvm
Abykxjb (Activity) t wewfbœ Rv‡Zi ivRnuv‡mi IRb Q‡Ki gva¨‡g †`Lvb|


1| mwVK DË‡ii cv‡k wUK wPý (√)w`b|
K. ivRnuvm g~jZ wK‡mi Rb¨ cvjb Kiv nq?
i) wWg Drcv`‡bi Rb¨
ii) wWg I gvsm Drcv`‡bi Rb¨
iii) gvsm Drcv`‡bi Rb¨
iv) †MBg evW© wn‡m‡e
L. †Kvb&wU‡K m‡ev©rK…ó Rv‡Zi ivRnuvm wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv Kiv nq?
i) Pxbv ivRnvum
ii) Av‡gwiKvb a~mi ivRnvum
iii) A¨v¤^‡Wb ivRnvum
iv) Avwd«Kvb ivRnvum

K. Avwd«Kvb ivRnuv‡mi nuvmv I nuvwmi IRb h_vµ‡g 9.10 I 8.15 †KwR|
L. a~mi wcVIqvjv ivRnuv‡mi †VvuU bxj, †PvL Kgjv, cv I cv‡qi cvZv jvj i‡Oi|

K.  Rv‡Zi ivRnuvm AvKv‡i †QvU|
L.  Rv‡Zi ivRnuv‡mi DrcwË Rvg©vwb‡Z|

K. †Kvb& Rv‡Zi ivRnuv‡mi DrcwË d«v‡Ý?
L. †Kvb& Rv‡Zi ivRnuvm †`L‡Z †mvqv‡bi (Swan) g‡Zv?

cvV 1.5 KeyZi I wMwb dvD‡ji cwiwPwZ

M„ncvwjZKi‡Yi BwZnvmmn KeyZ‡ii cwiPq ej‡Z cvi‡eb|
wewfbœ Rv‡Zi KeyZ‡ii bvg wjL‡Z cvi‡eb|
†¯‹vqve Kx Zv ej‡Z cvi‡eb|
†¯‹vqve Drcv`bKvix K‡qKwU KeyZ‡ii Rv‡Zi êwkó¨ eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
wMwb dvD‡ji cwiPq ej‡Z cvi‡eb|
wMwb dvD‡ji wewfbœ DcRv‡Zi bvg I êwkó¨ eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
KeyZ‡ii cwiwPwZ
KeyZi kvwš—i cÖZxK wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ| c„w_exi me©Î KeyZi †`Lv hvq| gvbyl I KeyZ‡ii
m¤úK© AwZ cÖvPxbKv‡ji| Z‡e K‡e, KLb, †Kv_vq KeyZ‡ii m‡½ gvby‡li cÖ_g m¤úK© M‡o
KeyZ‡ii m‡½ gvby‡li cÖ_g
D‡VwQj Zv wb‡q gZ‡f` i‡q‡Q| RxeweÁvbxiv wek¦vm K‡ib, KeyZ‡ii m‡½ gvby‡li cÖ_g
cwiPq N‡U AvR †_‡K cÖvq cwiPq N‡U AvR †_‡K cÖvq 5,000-6,000 eQi Av‡M| cÖvq GK nvRvi eQi Av‡M G‡ìB
5,000-6,000 eQi Av‡M| GKwU cÖRvwZ‡K †cvl gvwb‡q M„ncvwjZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| Z‡e, G wb‡qI h‡_ó gZ‡f` i‡q‡Q|
ZvQvov cÖ_g †Kv_vq G‡ì †cvl gvbv‡bv n‡qwQj Zv wb‡qI h‡_ó gZ‡f` i‡q‡Q| †KD e‡jb
wjweqvq, †KD e‡jb e¨vwej‡b| Avevi A‡b‡K e‡jb, wgkwiqivB me©cÖ_g KeyZi †cvlv ïiy
K‡i| †m hvB †nvK, gvbe mf¨Zvi weKv‡k KeyZ‡ii h‡_ó Ae`vb I ¸iyZ¡ i‡q‡Q|
cÎ †hvMv‡hv‡Mi gva¨g wn‡m‡e GK mgq evZ©vevnK KeyZi e¨vcKfv‡e eëüZ n‡Zv| wMÖm,
wgki, Pxb, e„‡Ub cÖf…wZ eû †`‡k KeyZi‡K ÔWvK evnKÕ wn‡m‡e eënvi Kiv n‡q‡Q| fviZel©
kvmb Avg‡j †gvNjiv KeyZi‡K cÖwk¶Y w`‡q hy‡×i Kv‡R eënvi K‡i‡Qb| Ávbx gymwjg mywd
mvaK I Bmjvg ag© cÖPviK nhiZ kvnRvjvj (it) G‡`‡k Avmvi mgq m‡½ K‡i KeyZi wb‡q
G‡mwQ‡jb †h¸‡jvi eskaiivB AvR ÔRvjvwj KeyZiÕ bv‡g cwiwPZ|
M„ncvwjZ KeyZ‡ii DrcwË cvnvwo KeyZi (rock pigeon) ev Columba livia (†Kvjv¤^v
M„ncvwjZ KeyZ‡ii DrcwË
cvnvwo KeyZi †_‡K hviv wjweqv) †_‡K hviv †`L‡Z A‡bKUv Rvjvwj KeyZ‡ii g‡Zv| wek¦e¨vcx M„ncvwjZ KeyZ‡ii cÖvq
†`L‡Z A‡bKUv Rvjvwj 600wU RvZ i‡q‡Q| Avi G‡ì G‡KKwUi AvKvi, Mob, iO, IRb I ¸YI G‡KK iKg|
KeyZ‡ii g‡Zv| c„w_ex‡Z cÖvq c„w_exi wewfbœ †`‡k wewfbœ Rv‡Zi KeyZi i‡q‡Q| Av‡gwiKvi wmjfvi I †nvqvBU wKs;
600 Rv‡Zi KeyZi i‡q‡Q| BD‡iv‡ci †nvgvi, †nvmv; Rvcv‡bi gywj- ; Px‡bi MRexb; fvi‡Zi jv°v, wMwievR, gq~icw•L,
R¨v‡Kvweb; Biv‡bi wmivwR; wgm‡ii eveiv BZ¨vw` weL¨vZ KeyZ‡ii RvZ| GQvovI i‡q‡Q ej,
wPjøv, mymvÏvg, mvwU©b, Uªv‡¤úU, Uv¤^jvi Ges AviI A‡bK Rv‡Zi KeyZi| Avgv‡ì †`kxq
Rv‡Zi KeyZ‡ii g‡a¨ †Mvjv, †Mvwj, WvDKv, KvDqv, nvgKv”Qv, †jvUb, gyw° BZ¨vw` cÖavb|
†¯‹vqve n‡jv 4 mßvn eq‡mi

†¯‹vqve Drcv`bKvix KeyZ‡ii RvZ
KeyZ‡ii ev”Pv| G‡ì gvsm K‡qKwU we‡kl D‡Ïk¨‡K mvg‡b †i‡L KeyZi cvjb Kiv nq| †hgb- †¯‹vqve Drcv`b,
AZ¨š— big, my¯^v`y I wPËwe‡bv`b, KeyZ‡ii †iwms BZ¨vw`| Z‡e Gi g‡a¨ †¯‹vqve Drcv`bB cÖavb| †¯‹vqve (squab)
cywóKi| n‡jv 4 mßvn eq‡mi KeyZ‡ii ev”Pv hv‡ì‡K Lv`¨ wn‡m‡e eënvi Kiv nq| †¯‹vqv‡ei gvsm
AZ¨š— big, my¯^v`y I cywóKi| †¯‹vqve Drcv`‡b Av‡gwiKvi mv`v I wmjfvi wKs DcRv‡Zi
KeyZi AZ¨š— RbwcÖq| Giv eQ‡i m‡e©v”P GMvi †Rvov ev”Pv w`‡Z m¶g| KeyZ‡ii A‡bK
Rv‡Zi g‡a¨ gvÎ K‡qKwU evwYwR¨KwfwË‡Z †¯‹vqve Drcv`‡b eëüZ nq| †hgb- wKs (wmjfvi
I †nvqvBU), KvibvD, †¯‹vqvwes †nvgvi, gb‡WBb, Rvqv›U Av‡gwiKvb †µ÷, iv›U, Rvqv›U
†nvgvi, gvj‡Um, nv‡½wiqvb, †÷ªmvim, †d¬v‡ibwUb, †cvwjk wjsKm Ges G‡ì msKi| Z‡e

G‡ì g‡a¨ wKs, KvibvD Ges †nvgvi we‡k¦ †¯‹vqve Drcv`‡b L¨vwZm¤úbœ| GLv‡b †¯‹vqve
Drcv`bKvix wZbwU Rv‡Zi KeyZ‡ii msw¶ß eY©bv †`qv n‡q‡Q|
K− †Mvjv Rv‡Zi KeyZi
L− wmjfvi wKs DcRv‡Zi KeyZi M− wmivwR Rv‡Zi KeyZi

wPÎ 32 (K, L I M) t wewfbœ RvZ/DcRv‡Zi KeyZi
1. wKs (King)
wKs Rv‡Zi DrcwË hy³iv‡óª| G Rv‡Zi †gvU 5wU DcRvZ i‡q‡Q| h_v- mv`v, wmjfvi, bxj,
jvj I njy`| Z‡e G‡ì g‡a¨ †¯‹vqve Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ mv`v I wmjfvi DcRvZB eënvi Kiv
nq|

mv`v wKs †¯‹vqve Drcv`‡b K. mv`v wKs (White King) t †¯‹vqve Drcv`‡b GwU me‡P‡q RbwcÖq DcRvZ| mv`v iv›U,
me‡P‡q RbwcÖq DcRvZ| mv`v gvj‡Um, mv`v Wz‡Pm I mv`v †nvgvi †_‡K GRv‡Zi KeyZi ˆZwi Kiv n‡q‡Q| G‡ì †`n
gReyZ| cv cwi®‹vi, cv‡qi bvjvq †Kv‡bv cvjK †bB| cy‡iv †`n mv`v cvj‡K k³‡cv³fv‡e
†gvov‡bv| †jR Lvov, †`n gvsmj| cÖwZwU †¯‹vqv‡ei IRb cÖvq 0.5 †KwR n‡jB evRviRvZ
Kiv nq| RevB Kivi ci A_©vr †WªmW †¯‹vqve¸‡jv †Zgb GKUv †MvjMvj nq bv| eis wKQyUv
†KvbvK…wZi nq| cÖvßeq¯‹ KeyZ‡ii IRb cªvq 735 Mªvg n‡q _v‡K|
†¯‹vqve Drcv`‡b wmjfvi L. wmjfvi wKs (Silver King) t †¯‹vqve Drcv`‡b G DcRvZwU GKmgq †ek RbwcÖq wQj|
wKs‡qi RbwcÖqZv mv`v wKs Z‡e eZ©gv‡b G‡ì RbwcÖqZv mv`v wKs †_‡K A‡bK Kg| G DcRv‡Zi KeyZi iv›U, gvj‡Um,
†_‡K A‡bK Kg| †nvgvi I gb‡WBb †_‡K ˆZwi Kiv n‡q‡Q| G‡ì ˆ`wnK êwkó¨ A‡bKUv mv`v wKs‡qi g‡ZvB|
Z‡e AvKvi-AvK…wZ‡Z †¯‹vqve Drcv`bKvix KeyZ‡ii g‡a¨ GivB me‡P‡q eo nq| G‡ì
†¯‹vqv‡ei IRbI mv`v wKs‡qi †_‡K wKQyUv †ewk nq| ZvQvov Giv mv`v wKs‡qi †_‡KI †ewk
†cvl gv‡b|
wPÎ 33 t Rvjvwj KeyZi
2. KvibvD (Carneaux)
KvibvD‡qiI 5wU DcRvZ i‡q‡Q| h_v- jvj, mv`v, njy`, Kv‡jv I Wvb (dun)| Z‡e G‡ì
g‡a¨ jvj I mv`v KvibvDB †¯‹vqve Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ eënvi Kiv nq|
jvj KvibvD AZ¨š—

K. jvj KvibvD (Red Carneaux) t G‡ì DrcwË †ejwRqv‡gi `w¶YvÂj I d«v‡Ýi
cwikªgx cvwL I my¯^v‡¯’ï DËivÂ‡j| Giv AZ¨š— cwikªgx cvwL I my¯^v‡¯’ï AwaKvix| Giv wKs †_‡K wKQyUv †QvU
AwaKvix| AvK…wZi| Giv †mvRv n‡q ùvovq| G‡ì †`n gReyZ, cvjK †`‡n k³fv‡e †j‡M _v‡K| G‡ì
†jR gvwU ¯úk© K‡i| G‡ì cv‡qi bvjvq †Kv‡bv cvjK †bB| †¯‹vqv‡ei Mv‡qi Pvgovi iO
mv`v| †WªmW †¯‹vqve †MvjMvj n‡q _v‡K| cÖvßeq¯‹ cvwLi IRb cÖvq 700 MÖvg n‡q _v‡K|
G‡ì †`n jvj; Z‡e Zvi Dci wKQy mv`v i‡Oi †Qvc i‡q‡Q|
L. mv`v KvibvD (White Carneaux) t mv`v KvibvD‡qi DrcwË hy³iv‡óª| G‡ì‡K †¯cÖmW
mv`v KvibvD Aí mg‡q
†ewk Drcv`b †`qvi Rb¨ †d«Ý I †ejwRqvg jvj KvibvD †_‡K Drcbœ Kiv n‡q‡Q| Giv Aí mg‡q †ewk Drcv`b †`qvi
weL¨vZ| Rb¨ weL¨vZ| Av‡gwiKvq Giv Lye fv‡jv DcRv‡Zi †¯‹vqve Drcv`bKvix KeyZi| G‡ì
†¯‹vqv‡ei Pvgovi iO wKQyUv †Mvjvwc| †¯‹vqv‡ei IRb cÖvq 450 MÖvg n‡q _v‡K|

†¯‹vqve Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ 3. †nvgvi (Homer)

†nvgvi GKwU RbwcÖq †¯‹vqve Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ GwU GKwU RbwcÖq RvZ| G‡ìI 5wU DcRvZ i‡q‡Q| h_v- bxj, jvj,
RvZ| wmjfvi, njy` I Icvj| Z‡e gvs‡mi Rb¨ bxj I jvj DcRvZB eënvi Kiv nq| hwÌ wKs,
KvibvD cÖf…wZi Zzjbvq G‡ì Pvwn`v Kg Z_vwc A‡b‡Ki Kv‡QB G RvZwU †ek RbwcÖq| Giv
AvKv‡i †QvU| G‡ì †`n gReyZ| cv‡qi bvjvq †Kv‡bv cvjK †bB| G‡ì †`n k³‡cv³
cvjK w`‡q †gvov‡bv| G‡ì‡K jvjbcvjb Ki‡Z Kg RvqMvi cÖ‡qvRb nq| G‡KKwU
†¯‹vqv‡ei IRb nq cÖvq 400 MÖvg|
Abykxjb (Activity) t †¯‹vqve Drcv`bKvix wewfbœ RvZ/DcRv‡Zi KeyZ‡ii wewfbœ êwkó¨ QK

AvKv‡i ˆZwi Kiyb|
Avwd«Kvi cwðg DcK‚jxq wMwb dvD‡ji cwiwPwZ

†`k¸‡jv wMwb dvD‡ji wZwZi ev wMwb dvD‡ji êÁvwbK bvg Numida meleagris (bywgWv g¨vwjqvwMªm)| Avwd«Kvi
DrcwË¯’j| G‡ì wZbwU
cwðg DcK‚‡ji †`k¸‡jv wMwb dvD‡ji DrcwË¯’j| mvaviYZ gvs‡mi Rb¨ †QvU †QvU `‡j wMwb
DcRvZ Av‡Q| h_v- cvj©,
mv`v I j¨v‡fÛvi| dvDj cvjb Kiv n‡q _v‡K| Z‡e A‡b‡K mL K‡iI wMwb dvDj cvjb K‡i _v‡Kb| G‡ì
†ivMcÖwZ‡iva ¶gZv †ewk Ges gvsm my¯^v`y| wMwb dvD‡ji wZbwU DcRvZ Av‡Q| †hgb− cvj©,
mv`v I j¨v‡fÛvi| G‡ì g‡a¨ cvj© DcRvZ me©v‡c¶v RbwcÖq| cv‡j©i a~mi cvj‡Ki gv‡S
mv`v i‡Oi †dvUv ev gy‡³vi g‡Zv cvj© (pearl) _v‡K| mv`v DcRv‡Zi cvjK mv`v i‡Oi| Z‡e,
j¨v‡fÛv‡ii nvjKv a~mi cvj‡Ki gv‡S wbcybfv‡e mv`v i‡Oi †dvUv _v‡K| hwÌ cyiyl I ¯¿x
wMwb dvDj †Pbv KóKi ZeyI gv_vi gyKzU, IqvUj I Mjvi ¯^‡ii Ici wfwË K‡i Ges AwfÁZv
w`‡q G‡ì g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ Kiv hvq| Giv GwcÖj gv‡mi w`‡K wWg cvov ïiy K‡i Ges †m‡Þ¤î-
A‡±vei gv‡m wWg cvov eÜ K‡i| m¤cÖwZ wKQy AvaywbK †÷ªBb D×vweZ n‡q‡Q †h¸‡jv 140-
160wU wWg w`‡q _v‡K| Avgv‡ì †`kx wMwb dvDj 70-80wU wWg w`‡q _v‡K| cÖRb‡bi Rb¨
cÖwZ 4/5wU ¯¿x wMwb dvD‡ji m‡½ GKwU cyiyl wMwb dvDj ivL‡Z nq| wWg dz‡U ev”Pv †ei n‡Z
28 w`b mgq jv‡M| G‡ì Kzwo‡q Lv`¨ MÖn‡Yi ¶gZv †ewk e‡j Qvov Ae¯’vqI cvjb Kiv
hvq| mvaviYZ 15-16 mßvn eq‡m G‡ì IRb 1.0-1.5 †KwR nq|
Avgv‡ì †`‡k wZwZi ev wMwb Avgv‡ì †`‡k wZwZi ev wMwb dvDj †Zgb Rbwcªq bq| evwYwR¨KwfwË‡Z G¸‡jv G‡`‡k cvjb
dvDj †Zgb Rbwcªq bq| Kiv nq bv| Z‡e, A‡b‡KB mL K‡i cy‡l _v‡Kb|
wPÎ 34 t wZwZi ev wMwb dvDj


K. KZ eQi Av‡M M„ncvwjZ cvwL wn‡m‡e KeyZi †cvlv ïi“ nq?
i) cÖvq 6,000 eQi
ii) cÖvq 5,000 eQi
iii) cÖvq 2,000 eQi
iv) cÖvq 1,000 eQi
L. †Kvb& †Kvb& Rv‡Zi KeyZi †¯‹vqve Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ eZ©gvb we‡k¦ L¨vwZm¤úbœ?
i) wKs, KvibvD I †nvgvi
ii) iv›U, gvj‡Um I nv‡½wiqvb
iii) †÷ªmvim, †d¬v‡ibwUb I wMwievR
iv) †nvmv, mvwU©b I †jvUb

K. †¯‹vqve n‡jv 8 mßvn eq‡mi KeyZ‡ii ev”Pv hv‡ì‡K gvsm wn‡m‡e eënvi Kiv nq|
L. wMwb dvD‡ji †ivMcÖwZ‡iva ¶gZv Kg I gvsm my¯^v`y|

K. gvbe mf¨Zvi weKv‡k KeyZ‡ii h‡_ó  I  i‡q‡Q|
L.  gvsm AZ¨šÍ big, my¯^v`y I cywóKi|
4| GK K_vq DËi w`b|

K. KeyZ‡ii êÁvwbK bvg Kx?
L. wMwb dvD‡ji DcRvZ wZbwUi bvg Kx Kx?

eënvwiK
cvV 1.6 wewfbœ Rv‡Zi gyiwM, nuvm, †Kv‡qj, ivRnuvm, KeyZi I wMwb dvDj
kbv³KiY
wewfbœ Rv‡Zi nvum, gyiwM, †Kv‡qj, ivRnuvm, KeyZi I wMwb dvDj wb‡R wb‡R kbv³ Ki‡Z
cvi‡eb|
cÖvmw½K Z_¨
G †Kvm©eB‡qi M„ncvwjZ cvwL cvjb As‡ki cvV 1.1−1.5 ch©š— fv‡jvfv‡e co~b| Gme cvV
†_‡K wewfbœ Rv‡Zi gyiwM, nvum, †Kv‡qj, ivRnuvm, KeyZi I wMwb dvD‡ji kYv³Kvix
êwkó¨¸‡jv †R‡b wbb| ZvQvov G cv‡V †`qv wewfbœ M„ncvwjZ cvwLi RvZ/DcRvZ¸‡jvi iwOb
Qwe (wPÎ 35-79) fv‡jvfv‡e j¶¨ Kiyb|
wPÎ 35 t evW© cøvBgvD_ iK DcRv‡Zi †gviM wPÎ 36 t njy` cøvBgvD_ iK DcRv‡Zi gyiwM
wPÎ 37 t eø¨vK †jMnb© DcRv‡Zi gyiwM wPÎ 38 t †nvqvBU †jMnb© DcRv‡Zi gyiwM

wPÎ 39 t eø¨vK wgbK©v DcRv‡Zi †gviM wPÎ 40 t eø¨vK wgbK©v DcRv‡Zi gyiwM
wPÎ 41 t †ivW AvBj¨vÛ †iW Rv‡Zi †gviM wPÎ 42 t A¨vb‡Kvbv Rv‡Zi gyiwM
wPÎ 43 t A÷ªvjc© †gviM wPÎ 44 t A÷ªvjc© gyiwM

wPÎ 45 t dvBIwg Rv‡Zi gyiwM wPÎ 46 t KvwY©k ev BwÛqvb †Mg Rv‡Zi †gviM
wPÎ 47 t jvBU mv‡m· DcRv‡Zi †gviM wPÎ 48 t jvBU mv‡m· DcRv‡Zi gyiwM
wPÎ 49 t WvK© eªvngv DcRv‡Zi †gviM wPÎ 50 t †nvqvBU †KvwPb DcRv‡Zi †gviM

wPÎ 51 t †`kx †gviM wPÎ 52 t †`kx gyiwM
wPÎ 53 t nvB‡m· eªvDb †jqvi gyiwM wPÎ 54 t we.wf.-300 †jqvi gyiwM
wPÎ 55 t Bmv †f‡WU eªqjvi gyiwM wPÎ 56 t ÷vi †eªv eªqjvi gyiwM

wPÎ 57 t AvB‡jmevwi Rv‡Zi nvum wPÎ 58 t gvm‡Kvwf Rv‡Zi nuvm
wPÎ 59 t †iv‡qb Rv‡Zi nuvm wPÎ 60 t BwÛqvb ivbvi Rv‡Zi nuvm
wPÎ 61 t LvwK K¨v¤ú‡ej Rv‡Zi nuvm wPÎ 62 t †RbwWs Rv‡Zi nvum

wPÎ 63 t Kj Rv‡Zi nuvwm wPÎ 64 t †µ‡÷W Rv‡Zi nuvwm
wPÎ 65 t Kv‡qvMv Rv‡Zi nuvmv wPÎ 66 t GK SuvK †`kx nvum
wPÎ 67 t dvivI DcRv‡Zi gvw` †Kv‡qj wPÎ 68 t eªvDb gvw` †Kv‡qj

wPÎ 69 t UjyDBm Rv‡Zi ivRnuvm wPÎ 70 t A¨v¤^‡Wb Rv‡Zi ivRnuvm
wPÎ 71 t Avwd«Kvb Rv‡Zi ivRnuvm wPÎ 72 t Pxbv Rv‡Zi ivRnvum
wPÎ 73 t wmev‡÷vcj Rv‡Zi ivRnuvm wPÎ 74 t ev”Pvmn †`kx ivRnuvm

wPÎ 75 t †Mvjv Rv‡Zi KeyZi
wPÎ 76 t wmivwR Rv‡Zi KeyZi
wPÎ 77 t u†nvqvBU wKs DcRv‡Zi KeyZi
wPÎ 78 t uRvjvwj KeyZi wPÎ 79 t wZwZi ev wMwb dvDj

cÖ‡qvRbxq DcKiY
1. wewfbœ Rv‡Zi gyiwM, nuvm, †Kv‡qj, ivRnuvm, KeyZi I wMwb dvDj|
2. Kjg, †cwÝj, ivevi, mvc©bvi, †¯‹j, eënvwiK LvZv BZ¨vw`|
Kv‡Ri aviv
• cÖ_‡g wewfbœ Rv‡Zi gyiwM GKwU N‡i ivLyb|
• Gevi G‡ì êwkó¨vejx fv‡jvfv‡e ch©‡e¶Y Kiyb|
• ZvwË¡K cv‡V cov I G cv‡Vi iwOb Qwe¸‡jv‡Z †`Lv wewfbœ Rv‡Zi êwkó¨vejxi m‡½
G‡ì êwkó¨vejx wgwj‡q wbb|
• Gevi Gme êwk‡óï Av‡jv‡K cÖwZwU RvZ‡K wb‡R wb‡R kbv³ Kiyb|
• Gfv‡e ch©vqµ‡g GKB c×wZ‡Z wewfbœ Rv‡Zi nuvm, †Kv‡qj, ivRnuvm, KeyZi I wMwb
dvDj kbv³ Kiyb|
• eënvwiK LvZvq cÖ‡Z¨K Rv‡Zi cvwLi Qwe AvuKzb I kYv³Kvix êwkó¨vejx wjLyb|
• cy‡iv ch©‡e¶Y cÖwµqvwU avivevwnKfv‡e eënvwiK LvZvq wjLyb Ges wUDUi‡K †`wL‡q
Zv‡Z mB wbb|
mveavbZv
• cvwL ch©‡e¶YKv‡j G‡ì‡K †ewk wei³ Ki‡eb bv|
• AZ¨šÍ mveavbZvi m‡½ wewfbœ cÖRvwZ I Rv‡Zi cvwLi êwkó¨¸‡jv ch©‡e¶Y Kiyb|

P~ovšÍ g~j¨vqb - BDwbU 1

msw¶ß I iPbvg~jK cÖkœ
1| †kªYx, RvZ, DcRvZ, †÷ªBb, †jqvi, eªqjvi cÖf…wZ ej‡Z Kx ey‡Sb? D`vniY w`b|
2| †ivW AvBj¨vÛ †iW Ges †jMnb© Rv‡Zi gyiwMi êwkó¨ eY©bv Kiyb|
3| wWg Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ †Kvb& †Kvb& Rv‡Zi gyiwM, nvum I †Kv‡qj cvjb Kiv me‡P‡q
jvfRbK? G‡ì Drcv`b êwkó¨ eY©bv Kiyb|
4| evsjv‡`‡ki †cvwëª cwiev‡ii me‡P‡q bexb m`‡mï cwiwPwZ wjLyb|
5| gvsm Drcv`bKvix gyiwM, nvum, †Kv‡qj I KeyZ‡ii †gvU 20wU Rv‡Zi bvg wjLyb|
6| evsjv‡`‡ki †`kx gyiwM, nuvm, ivRnuvm I KeyZi m¤ú‡K© hv Rvbyb wjLyb|
7| QK AvKv‡i wewfbœ Rv‡Zi ivRnuv‡mi ˆ`wnK êwkó¨ wjLyb|
8| †Kv‡q‡ji wewfbœ DcRv‡Zi bvg wjLyb I †jqvi †Kv‡q‡ji êwkó¨ eY©bv Kiyb|
9| wKs I KvibvD Rv‡Zi KeyZ‡ii DrcwË, ˆ`wnK I Drcv`b êwkó¨ wjLyb|
10| wMwb dvDj m¤ú‡K© msw¶ß iPbv wjLyb|
DËigvjv - BDwbU 1
cvV 1.1
1| K. ii 1| L. iv 2| K. m 2| L. wg 3| K. wgbK©v
3| L. 4.0-4.5 I 3.0-3.5 4| K. A‡÷ªwjqvb e- ¨vK AiwcsUb 4| L. †MÖ wPUvMvs
cvV 1.2
1| K. ii 1| L. i 2| K. wg 2| L. wg 3| K. †`kx
3| L. gvm‡Kvwf 4| K. gvsm Drcv`bKvix, wWg Drcv`bKvix I †kvfvea©K
4| L. mv`v, a~mi I mv`v-a~mi
cvV 1.3
1| K. iii 1| L. i 2| K. wg 2| L. wg 3| K. 290-300wU
3| L. big I my¯^v`y 4| K. G. wf. Gg. n¨vPvwiR GÛ weªwWs wimvP© †m›Uvi (cÖvt) wjwg‡UW
4| L. †Kv‡q‡ji wW‡gi †Lvmvi iO Mvp nj‡` †_‡K nvjKv ev`vwg| Gi Dci AmsL¨ †QvU-eo
bxj, L‡qwi, †e¸wb ev P‡Kv‡jU i‡Oi KviyKvR|
cvV 1.4
1| K. iii 1| L. iii 2| K. m 2| L. wg 3| K. †ivgvb
3| L. A¨v¤^‡Wb 4| K. UjyDBm ivRnuvm 4| L. Pxbv ivRnuvm
cvV 1.5
1| K. iv 2| L. i 2| K. m 3| L. wg 3| K. Ae`vb, ¸iyZ¡
3| L. †¯‹vqv‡ei 4| K. Columba livia 4| L. cvj©, mv`v I †j‡fÛvi

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BDwbU 1 BDwbU 1 wewfbœ M„ncvwjZ cvwLi RvZ I cwiwPwZ

cvV 1.1 wewfbœ Rv‡Zi gyiwMi cwiwPwZ

Av‡gwiKvb †kªYxi Aax‡b Av‡gwiKvb †kªYx (American Class)

Av‡gwiKvb †kªYxi AšÍf©y³ RvZmg~n

evsjv‡`k Db¥y³ wek¦we`¨vjq 4

Mv‡qi Pvgov t njy` i‡Oi

K− evW© cøvBgvD_ iK †gviM L− njy` cøvBgvD_ iK gyiwM

¯‹zj Ae GwMÖKvjPvi GÛ iyivj †W‡fjc‡g›U 5

wPÎ 2 t †ivW AvBj¨vÛ †iW Rv‡Zi †gviM

G †kªYxi Aax‡b †gvU 6wU RvZ f‚ga¨mvMixq †kªYx (Mediteranean Class)

evsjv‡`k Db¥y³ wek¦we`¨vjq 6

• A‡c¶vK…Z Kg eq‡m wWg †`qv ïiy K‡i|

f‚ga¨mvMixq †kªYxi AšÍf©y³ RvZmg~n

K− e- ¨vK †jMnb© gyiwM L− †nvqvBU †jMnb© gyiwM

¯‹zj Ae GwMÖKvjPvi GÛ iyivj †W‡fjc‡g›U 7

DrcwË¯’j t †¯ú‡bi wgbK©v Øxc

K− e- ¨vK wgbK©v †gviM L− e ¨vK wgbK©v gyiwM

3. A¨vb‡Kvbv (Ancona) t Giv AvKvi-AvK…wZ‡Z †jMn‡b©i g‡ZvB| G‡`i wWg Drcv`b

evsjv‡`k Db¥y³ wek¦we`¨vjq 8

wPÎ 5 t A¨vb‡Kvbv Rv‡Zi gyiwM

wPÎ 6 t dvBIwg Rv‡Zi gyiwM

¯‹zj Ae GwMÖKvjPvi GÛ iyivj †W‡fjc‡g›U 9

Bswjk †kªYxi Aax‡b †gvU Bswjk †kªYx (English Class)

Bswjk †kªYxi Aš—fy©³ RvZmg~n

K− A÷ªvjc© †gviM L− A÷ªvjc© gyiwM

evsjv‡`k Db¥y³ wek¦we`¨vjq 10

wPÎ 8 t KvwY©k ev BwÛqvb †Mg Rv‡Zi †gviM

¯‹zj Ae GwMÖKvjPvi GÛ iyivj †W‡fjc‡g›U 11

wW‡gi †Lvmv t ev`vwg i‡Oi

K− jvBU mv‡m· †gviM L− jvBU mv‡m· gyiwM

GwkqvwUK †kªYxi Aax‡b GwkqvwUK †kªYx (Asiatic Class)

GwkqvwUK †kªYxi Aš—f©z³ RvZmg~n

evsjv‡`k Db¥y³ wek¦we`¨vjq 12

wPÎ 10 t WvK© eªvngv DcRv‡Zi †gviM

¯‹zj Ae GwMÖKvjPvi GÛ iyivj †W‡fjc‡g›U 13

wPÎ 11 t †nvqvBU †KvwPb DcRv‡Zi †gviM

Abykxjbx (Activity) t PviwU †kªYxi gyiwMi ˆewkó¨mg~n QK AvKv‡i mvwR‡q wjLyb|

Avgv‡`i †`‡k wWg ev evsjv‡`‡ki gyiwMi RvZ

K− †`kx †gviM L− †`kx gyiwM

evsjv‡`k Db¥y³ wek¦we`¨vjq 14

mviwY 1 t GK bR‡i gyiwMi PviwU †kªYxi cwiwPwZ

mviwY 2 t GK bR‡i gyiwMi wewfbœ RvZ/DcRv‡Zi cwiwPwZ

eZ©gv‡b weï× Rv‡Zi evwYwR¨K gyiwM

¯‹zj Ae GwMÖKvjPvi GÛ iyivj †W‡fjc‡g›U 15

K− nvB‡m· eªvDb †jqvi L− we.wf.-300 †jqvi

evsjv‡`k Db¥y³ wek¦we`¨vjq 16

K− Bmv †f‡WU eªqjvi L− ÷vi †eªv eªqjvi

2| mZ¨ n‡j ÔmÕ Ges wg_¨v n‡j ÔwgÕ wjLyb|

3| k~b¨¯’vb c~iY Kiyb|

4| GK K_vq ev ev‡K¨ DËi w`b|

¯‹zj Ae GwMÖKvjPvi GÛ iyivj †W‡fjc‡g›U 17

cvV 1.2 wewfbœ Rv‡Zi nvu‡mi cwiwPwZ

gvsm Drcv`bKvix nuv‡mi gvsm Drcv`bKvix nuv‡mi RvZmg~n

cv t jvj‡P Kgjv i‡Oi

evsjv‡`k Db¥y³ wek¦we`¨vjq 18

wPÎ 15 t AvB‡jmevwi Rv‡Zi nvum

¯‹zj Ae GwMÖKvjPvi GÛ iyivj †W‡fjc‡g›U 19

wPÎ 16 t gvm‡Kvwf Rv‡Zi nuvm