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Intersections

Intersections
• At the intersection of roads, there are through,
turning and crossing traffic movements may be
handled in different ways depending on the
type of intersection and its design.

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Intersections

• Intersections may be classified into two broad

groups;
Intersection at Grade: These include all roads which
meet at more or less the same level. The traffic
manoeuvres like merging, diverging and crossing are
involved in the intersections at grade.
Grade separated Intersection : The intersecting roads
separated by difference in level, thus eliminating the
crossing manoeuvres.

Intersection at Grade.
 The intersection at grade is further classified:
• Un channelized Intersection
• Channelized Intersection and
• Rotary Intersection

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Requirement of Intersection at grade.

• At the intersection the area of conflict should be as

small as possible.
• Relative speed should be small.
• Adequate visibility should be available.
• Geometric feature like turning radius and width of
pavement should adequately be provided.
• Proper signs should be provided.
• Good lighting at night is desirable.

Grade separated Intersection

• Grade separated Intersection is the highest form
of intersection.
• Various types of bridge structures used to separate the
grades.
• Grade separation may be either by an over bridge/over
pass or under pass

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Grade separated Intersection

• Advantages;
• Maximum facility is given to the crossing.
• There is increased safety for turning traffic.
• Increased comfort and convenience to the motorists.
• Eliminate the conflict points/conflict area.
• Reduce the drainage problems at intersection.
• Increased capacity and uninterrupted flow.
• Eliminating the safety threat posed by trains, pedestrians,
or other vehicles.
• Reduced vehicle-train conflict and delay.
• Overpasses increase the capacity of a roadway by
allowing uninterrupted flow in all directions.

Grade separated Intersection

• Disadvantages;
• Very costly.
• Construction is difficult when the R.O.W. is limited.
• In flat and plain area introduce undesirable crests and
sags in vertical alignment.
• Change the landscape of the area.
• Disturb the business activities in the built up areas.

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Types of Intersections

• Rotary Intersection;
• Circular.
• Turbine .
• Tangent.
• Elliptical.
• Diamond.
• Partial Clover Leaf.
• Full Clover Leaf.

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Cross intersection

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. Types of Intersection

Tee
Cross

Skew

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Types of Intersections

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Full Clover Leaf

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JUDGE HARRY PREGERSON INTERCHANGE:

L.A., Calif.

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SPAGHETTI JUNCTION: Birmingham, U.K.

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KATHIPARA JUNCTION: Chennai, India(

Clover leave)

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