UNIVERSITY OF MUMBAI 2019-

2020

A PROJECT REPORT ON
“CLOUD COMPUTING”

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 SARASWATI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
KHARGHAR, NAVI MUMBAI

DECLARATION
WE HEREBY DECLARE THAT THE PROJECT WORK ENTITLED
“CROSS PLATFORM APP DEVELOPMENT” SUBMITTED IS A
RECORD OF AN ORIGINAL WORK DONE BY THE STUDENTS OF
SARASWATI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING (T.E - INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY: SEMESTER- V) UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF MRS.
SEEMA SINGH, AND THIS PROJECT WORK IS COMPLETED IN
THE ACADEMIC YEAR 2019-2020

SIGNATURE OF SIGNATURE OF
THE PRINCIPAL THE PROFESSOR

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 Certificate
THIS IS TO CERTIFY THAT THE PROJECT WORK ENTITLED
“CLOUD COMPUTING ” SUBMITED BY
GIRISH POTE 46
VAIBHAV SHINDE 57
UTTAM PATRO 44
PRATIK MUDLIYAR 39
IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF BCE PROJECT, EMBODIES THE
WORK DONE BY THEM UNDER MY SUPERVISION.

SIGNATURE OF
THE PROFESSOR

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
WITH GREAT PLEASURE WE THANK MRS. SEEMA SINGH,
PROFESSOR OF SARASWATI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING FOR
BEING AN INSPIRATION IN THE COMPLETION OF THIS PROJECT.

WE TAKE THIS OPPORTUNITY TO EXPRESS OUR PROFOUND

GRATITUDE TO OUR PROFESSOR FOR HER VALUABLE INPUTS
AND ASSISTANCE. WE HAVE BENEFITED FROM HER VAST
WEALTH OF EXPERIENCE AND WE ARE ALSO THANKFUL FOR
HER ADVICES WITHOUT WHICH THIS PROJECT WOULD NOT
HAVE MATERIALIZED.

LAST BUT NOT LEAST WE WISH TO AVAIL OURSELVES FOR THIS

OPPORTUNITY, TO EXPRESS A SENSE OF GRATITUDE AND LOVE
TO OUR FRIENDS AND BELOVED PARENTS FOR THEIR
SUPPORT, STRENGTH, HELP AND EVERYTHING ELSE.

PLACE: KHARGHAR
DATE: 26th AUGUST 2019

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 PROJECT BY

NAME ROLL NO SIGNATURE

GIRISH POTE . 46

VAIBHAV SHINDE. 57

UTTAM PATRO. 44

PRATIK MUDLIYAR. 39

SUBMITTED TO MRS. SEEMA SINGH

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS
SR. TITLE PAGE NO.
1. INTRODUCTION 1
2. HISTORY 3

3. CLOUD ARCHITECTURE 5

4. SERVICE MODELS 6
5. INFRASTRUCTURE AS A SERVICE 8
6. SOFTWARE AS A SERVICE 10
7. PLATFORM AS A DERVICE 11
8. MOBILE BACKEND AS A SERVICE 12
AND DEPLOYMENT MODELS
9. EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES AND 13
ADVANTAGES OF CLOUD
COMPUTING& ITs FUTURE SCOPE

10. DISADVANTAGES 16
11. CONCLUSION 17
12. BIBLIOGRAPHY 18

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 INTRODUCTION
Cloud computing is the on-demand availability
Computer system resources, especially data storage
and computer power, without direct active management by the
user.
The term is generally used to describe data centers
available to many users over the internet. Large clouds,
predominant today, often have functions distributed over multiple
locations from central servers. If the connection to the user is
relatively close, it may be designated an edge server .
Clouds may be limited to a single organization or be
available to many organizations (public cloud).
Cloud computing relies on sharing of resources to achieve
coherence economics of sale.
Cloud Computing is the use of hardware and software to
deliver a service over a network (typically the Internet). With cloud
computing, users can access files and use applications from any
device that can access the Internet. An example of a Cloud
Computing  provider is Google's Gmail.
There is no need for users to have knowledge of, expertise
in, or control of the technical framework of the "cloud" that helps
them. 

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 HISTROY
Cloud computing" was popularized
with Amazon.com releasing its Elastic compute cloud  product in
2006 references to the phrase "cloud computing" appeared as
early as 1996, with the first known mention in a compact  internal .
The cloud symbol was used to represent networks of
computing equipment in the original ARPANET by as early as
1977 and the CSNET by 1981 both predecessors to the Internet
itself. The word cloud was used as a metaphor for the Internet and
a standardized cloud-like shape was used to denote a network
on telephony  schematics.
With this simplification, the implication is that the specifics of how
the end points of a network are connected are not relevant for the
purposes of understanding the diagram.
The term cloud was used to refer to platforms
for distributed computing  as early as 1993, when apple  spin-
off General magic  and AT &T used in it in describing their
(paired) Tele script and Persona Link technologies  In Wired April
1994 feature "Bill and Andy's Excellent Adventure II", Andy
Hertzfeld  commented on Tele script, General Magic's distributed
programming langu

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 CLOUD ARCHITECTURE

Cloud Architecture  the systems architecture of the software

systems  involved in the delivery of cloud computing,
typically involves multiple cloud
components communicating with each other over a loose
coupling mechanism such as a messaging queue. Elastic
provision implies intelligence in the use of tight or loose
coupling as applied to mechanisms such as these and
others.

Service Models Of Cloud Computing

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  Infrastructure As a Service (IAAS )
 Platform As a Service (PAAS)
 Software As a Service (SAAS)

Infrastructure As a Service (IAAS)

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 Infrastructure as a service" (IaaS) refers to online
services that provide high-level API's  used to dereference various
low-level details of underlying network infrastructure like physical
computing resources, location, data partitioning, scaling, security,
backup.
hypervisor  runs the virtual machines as guests. Pools of
hypervisors within the cloud operational system can support large
numbers of virtual machines and the ability to scale services up
and down according to customers' varying requirements.
Linux containers run in isolated partitions of a
single Linux kernel  running directly on the physical hardware.
Linux cgroups  and namespaces are the underlying Linux kernel
technologies used to isolate, secure and manage the containers.
Containerisation offers higher performance than virtualization,

Examples of IAAS:
 Digital Ocean
 Linode
 Rackspace
 Cisco metacloud
 Google Compute Engine

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 Platform As a Service (PAAS)
Platform As a Service vendors offer a development
environment to application developers. The provider typically
develops toolkit and standards for development and channels for
distribution and payment. In the pass models, cloud providers
deliver a Computing platform , typically including operating system.
. programming-language execution environment,
database, and web server. Application developers develop and run
their software on a cloud platform instead of directly buying and
managing the underlying hardware and software layers. With some
pass , the underlying computer and storage resources scale
automatically to match application demand so that the cloud user
does not have to allocate resources manually.
Some integration and data providers also use
specialized applications of paas as delivery models for data.
delivers integration—and data-management—products as a fully
managed service.[69] Under the dpaas model, the pass provider,
not the customer, manages the development and execution of
programs by building data applications for the customer.

 Examples of SaaS:-
 Google Apps
 Dropbox
 Salesforce
 Concur

Software As a Service (SAAS)

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 In the software as a service (SaaS) model, users gain
access to application software and databases . Cloud providers
manage the infrastructure and platforms that run the applications.
SAAS sometimes referred to as "on-demand software"
and is usually priced on a pay-per-use basis or using a subscription
fee In the SaaS model, cloud providers install and operate
application software in the cloud and cloud users access the
software from cloud clients.
Cloud users do not manage the cloud infrastructure and
platform where the application runs. This eliminates the need to
install and run the application on the cloud user's own computers,
which simplifies maintenance and support.
Cloud applications differ from other applications in
their scalability—which can be achieved by cloning tasks onto
multiple virtual machines  at run-time to meet changing work
demand  load balancer distribute the work over the set of virtual
machines.
Examples of SAAS :-
 Heroku
 Google App Engine
 Microsoft Azure
 Apache Stratos

Mobile Backend As a Service(MBAs)

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 In the mobile "backend" as a service (m) model, also
known as backend as a service (BaaS), web app  and mobile app
developers are provided with a way to link their applications
to cloud storage  and cloud computing services with application
programming interfaces  (APIs) exposed to their applications and
software development kits (SDKs).
Services include user management, push notifications,
integration with social networking services  and more. This is a
relatively recent model in cloud computing with most BaaS startups
dating from 2011 or later  but trends indicate that these services
are gaining significant mainstream traction with enterprise
consumers.[
Backend-as-a-Service (Baas) is a cloud service model in
which developers outsource all the behind-the-scenes aspects of a
web or mobile application so that they only have to write and
maintain the frontend.

DEPLOYMENT MODELS

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 Private Cloud
 Public Cloud
 Hybrid Cloud

Digital Forensic In Cloud

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 The issue of carrying out investigations where the cloud
storage devices cannot be physically accessed has generated a
number of changes to the way that digital evidence is located and
collected New process models have been developed to formalize
collection
In some scenarios existing digital forensics tools can
be employed to access cloud storage as networked drives
(although this is a slow process generating a large amount of
internet traffic)]
An alternative approach is to deploy a tool that
processes in the cloud itself
For organizations using Office 365 with an 'E5'
subscription there is the option to use Microsoft's built-in e
discover resources, although these do not provide all the
functionality that is typically required for a forensic process

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 Emerging Cloud Technologies And
Services
Cloud providers are competitive, and they constantly expand their
services to differentiate themselves. This has led public Iaas
providers to offer far more than common compute and storage
instances.

For example,  serverless , or event-driven computing is a cloud

service that executes specific functions, such as image processing
and database updates. Traditional cloud deployments require
users to establish a compute instance and load code into that
instance. Then, the user decides how long to run -- and pay for --
that instance.

With serverless computing, developers simply create code, and the

cloud provider loads and executes that code in response to real-
world events, so users don't have to worry about the server or
instance aspect of the cloud deployment. Users only pay for the
number of transactions that the function executes. AWS lambda ,
Google Cloud Functions and Azure Functions are examples of
serverless computing services.

Public cloud computing also lends itself well to big data

processing, which demands enormous compute resources for
relatively short durations. Cloud providers have responded with big
data services, including Google Big Query  for large-scale data
warehousing and Microsoft Azure Data Lake Analytics for
processing huge data sets.

Another crop of emerging cloud technologies and services relates

to Artificial Intelligence  and machine learning.

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 Characteristics Of Cloud Computing
Cloud computing boasts several attractive benefits for businesses
and end users. Five of the main benefits of cloud computing are:

 Self Service Provisioning: End users can spin up compute

resources for almost any type of workload on demand. This
eliminates the traditional need for IT administrators to provision
and manage compute resources.
 Elasticity: Companies can scale up as computing needs
increase and scale down again as demands decrease. This
eliminates the need for massive investments in local
infrastructure, which may or may not remain active.
 Pay Per Use: Compute resources are measured at a
granular level, enabling users to pay only for the resources and
workloads they use.
 Workload resilience: Cloud service providers often
implement redundant resources to ensure resilient storage and
to keep users' important workloads running -- often across
multiple global regions.
 Migration flexibility: Organizations can move certain
workloads to or from the cloud -- or to different cloud platforms
-- as desired or automatically for better cost savings or to use
new services as they emerge.

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 Advantage Of Cloud Computing
 Flexibility :-Users can scale services to fit their needs,
customize applications and access cloud services from
anywhere with an internet connection.

 Efficiency:- users can get applications to market quickly,

without worrying about underlying infrastructure costs or
maintenance.

 Strategic Value:-Cloud services give enterprises a

competitive advantage by providing the most innovative
technology available.

 Scalability :-Cloud infrastructure scales on demand to

support fluctuating workloads

 Savings on equipment:- Cloud computing uses remote

resources, saving organizations the cost of servers and other
equipment.

 Streamlined work:-Cloud service providers (CSPs) manage

underlying infrastructure, enabling organizations to focus on
application development and other priorities

 Regular updates:-Service providers regularly update

offerings to give users the most up-to-date technology.

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Disadvantage Of Cloud Computing

 Network Connection Dependency :- In order to reap

the benefits of cloud computing, your business must always
have an internet connection. Unfortunately, there is no way to
get around this fact. You need a network in order to send
files to the cloud and retrieve them.

 Limited Features :-Not all cloud providers are created

equally. When you use cloud computing for storage and
backup, you should ideally be working with a provider
who offers the value of unlimited bandwidth. You may
also experience limited storage space or accessibility..

 Loss Of Control :- you are, essentially, trusting

another party to take care of your data. You are trusting
that they will maintain their data centers and servers
with the same care as you would, if not more. You have
to trust that your provider’s data centers are compliant
and secured both physically and online. Some find the
lack of in-house control of the server unnerving.

 Security:- Cloud Computing Hack case  as recent as the

past few months have shown that not all cloud providers
are as secure as they claim to be. As a business, you
can’t afford to have sensitive information about your
company or your clients fall victim to hackers. One of
cloud computing’s greatest disadvantages is that you
don’t always know which pro

Future Scope Of Cloud Computing

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 Cloud computing is one of the most talked about IT
trends today. This is because of the fact that cloud computing has
helped several enterprises to save money while adding to the
convenience of the users.  The word ‘Cloud’ refers to the
widespread internet, which means Cloud Computing is an internet
based computing where services are delivered to the users via
internet.

Cloud computing is now becoming a business standard. It

simplifies the user’s accessibility. It provides a virtual storage
space to the user which could be used without bothering about the
details of the entire mechanism.

Cloud computing jobs are on the rise. According to a recent

analysis, the international cloud computing market is expected to
rise to $72 billion by 2015, and around 3 lakh job opportunities in
India are expected in the same period. The roles in cloud
computing and might range from cloud developers to operators.

CONCLUSION

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 cloud computing is recently new technological
development that has the potential to have a great impact on the
world. It has many benefits that it provides to it users and
businesses. For example, some of the benefits that it provides to
businesses, is that it reduces operating cost by spending less on
maintenance and software upgrades and focus more on the
businesses it self. But there are other challenges the cloud
computing must overcome.
People are very skeptical about whether their data is
secure and private. There are no standards or regulations
worldwide provided data through cloud computing. Europe has
data protection laws but the US, being one of the most
technological advance nation, does not have any data protection
laws. Users also worry about who can disclose their data and have
ownership of their data. But once, there are standards and
regulation worldwide, cloud computing will revolutionize the future. 

BIBLIOGRAPHY
 https://cordova.apache.org
 https://wikipedia.org/apache_cordova

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 https://flutter.dev
 https://gs.statcounter.com/os-market-share/mobile/world
wide/
 http://www.gartner.com/newsroom/id/3339019/
 https://hackernoon.com/flutter-pros-and-cons-for-seamless
-cross-platform-development-c81bde5a4083

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