F.A.L.
CONDUCIVE ENGINEERING REVIEW CENTER
2ND Floor, Cartimar Building, C.M. Recto Avenue, Sampaloc, Manila
DYNAMICS OF RIGID BODIES
Prepared by: C.J. JUNIO, RCE
DYNAMICS:
The branch of mechanics which deals with
the study of bodies in motion.
Dynamics is divided into two branches
called KINEMATICS and KINETICS:
KINEMATICS is defined as the motion of a
particle or body without consideration of
the forces causing the motion.
KINETICS is the branch of mechanics that
relates the force acting on a body to its
mass and acceleration.
RECTILINEAR MOTION:
A body is said to experience rectilinear
motion if any two particles of the body
travel the same distance along two
parallel straight lines.
UNIFORM ACCELERATION:
Problem 1
A car moving at 36 m/s decelerates
uniformly at 450 m/min/s. Find the
distance travelled by the car until it
reaches a velocity of 30 m/s. (26.40 m)
Problem 2
Two objects fly toward each other. When
they are 1,200 m apart, their velocities
and accelerations are v1 = 40 m/s, v2 = 15
m/s, a1 = 0.50 m/s2, and a2 = 1.30 m/s2. A
third object left the first object and
moves with constant velocity of 50 m/
towards the second object. Upon reaching
the second object, it flies back to the
first object and so on until the first and
second objects collide. Find the total
distance traveled by the third object.
(852.86 m)
VARYING ACCELERATION:
Problem 3
A small projectile is fired vertically
downward into a fluid medium with an
initial velocity of 60 m/s. Due to drag
resistance of the fluid, the projectile
experiences a deceleration of a = (-0.4v3)
m/s2, where v is in m/s. Determine the
projectile’s velocity and position 4 s
after it is fired. (V = 0.56 m/s and S =
4.43 m)
Problem 4
A car starting from rest accelerates
uniformly from zero at A to 3 m/s2 at B in
5 seconds, the decelerates uniformly at 2
m/s2 until it stops at C. Find the
distance from A to C. (26.56 m)
FREELY FALLING BODIES
FREEFALL:
Defined as any motion of a body where
gravity if the only force acting upon it.
Problem 5
A ball is dropped down a well and 5
seconds later the sound of the splash is
heard. If the velocity of sound is 330
m/s:
a.) Determine the depth of the well.
(107.21 m)
b.) Determine the time for the ball to
reach the water surface. (4.68 s)
Problem 6
Mr. Sully is playing on the edge of the
top of a building. He throws a ball upward
at a velocity of 5 m/s. As when the ball
was about to go down, he missed to catch
the ball and falls directly to the ground.
After 5 seconds an echo that was made by
the ball was heard. Assuming speed of
sound is 330 m/s. Determine the height of
the building. (86.42 m)
CURVILINEAR MOTION:
Defined as motion that occurs when a
particle travels along a curved path.
PROJECTILE:
A form of motion experienced by an object
or particle that is thrown near the
Earth’s surface and moves along a curved
path under the action of gravity (in
particular, the effects of air resistance
are assumed to be negligible).
Problem 7
A projectile is fired from point O at an
initial slope of 4 vertical to 3
horizontal and hits the ground at a point
2 m below the origin. The maximum height
is attained at a horizontal distance of 8
m from the origin.
a.) Determine the initial velocity of the
projectile. (12.79 m/s)
b.) Determine the maximum height attained
by the projectile measured from the
origin. (5.33 m)
c.) Determine the horizontal distance
 F.A.L. CONDUCIVE ENGINEERING REVIEW CENTER
2ND Floor, Cartimar Building, C.M. Recto Avenue, Sampaloc, Manila
measured from the origin when the
projectile hits the ground. (17.34 m)
Problem 8
A projectile with a velocity of 10 m/s is
fired at a certain angle such that it can
reach the farthest point on the ground.
a.) Determine the maximum height reached
by the projectile. (2.55 m)
b.) Determine the time for the projectile
to reach the ground surface. (1.44 s)
c.) Determine the distance traveled by the
projectile until it had reached the ground
surface. (11.70 m)
Problem 9
At any instant, the horizontal position of
the weather balloon is defined by x = (8t)
ft, where t is in seconds. If the equation
of the path is y = x2/10, determine the
magnitude and direction of the velocity
and acceleration when t = 2s. (
ft
v=26.82 72.65° ∧a=25.88 ft / s 89.25 °)
s on his seat? (69.63 ° and 1723.37 N)
Problem 10
Car A is accelerating in the direction of
its motion at the rate of 1.2 m/s2. Car B
is rounding a curve of 150 m radius at a
constant speed of 54 kph.
a.) Determine the velocity that car B
appears to have to an observer in car A if
A has reached a speed of 72 kph. (65.9
kph)
b.) Determine the direction of VB/A. (
46.1 ° SE ¿
c.) Determine the acceleration that car B
appears to have to an observer in car A if
A has reached a speed of 72 kph. (0.757
m/s^2)
ANGULAR MOTION
Problem 11
The tires of a car make 65 revolutions as
the car reduces its speed from 95 kph to
45 kph. The tires have a diameter of 0.80
m.
a.) Determine the angular acceleration of
the tires. (-4.13 rad/s^2)
b.) Determine the time required for it to
stop. (7.56 s)
CENTRIFUGAL FORCE:
An apparent force that acts outward on a
body moving around a center, arising from
the body’s inertia.
CENTRIPETAL FORCE:
An force that acts on a body moving in a
circular path and its directed toward the
center around which the body is moving.
Problem 12
An airplane makes a turn in a horizontal
plane without sideslip at 774 kph. At what
angle must the plane be banked if the
radius of turn is 1.75 km? If the pilot
weighs 600 N, what pressure does he exert
Problem 13 (Practice Problem)
The car passes over the top of a vertical
curve at A with a speed of 60 kph and then
passes through the bottom of a dip at B.
The radius of curvature of the road at A
and B are both 100 m. The mass center of
the car is 1 m from the road.
a.) Find the speed of the car at B is the
normal force between the road and the
tires at B is twice that A. (74.35 kph)
b.) Determine the normal force at A if the
car has a mass of 1500 kg. (10.59 kN)
c.) Determine the normal force at B is the
car has a mass of 1500 kg. (21.2 kN)
Problem 14
A ball on the end of string is revolved at
a uniform rate in a vertical circle of
radius of 64 cm. If its speed is 5.00 m/s
and its mass is 0.4 kg:
a.) Calculate the tension in the string
when the ball is at top of its path.
(11.70 N)
b.) Calculate the tension in the string
when the ball is at bottom of its path.
(19.55 N)
Problem 15
A block resting on a plane is connected by
a cable to another block as shown in the
figure. The coefficient of kinetic
 F.A.L. CONDUCIVE ENGINEERING REVIEW CENTER
2ND Floor, Cartimar Building, C.M. Recto Avenue, Sampaloc, Manila
friction between the 200 N block and the
inclined plane is 0.10 while the friction
between the cable and the surface maybe
neglected. The system is initially at rest
and then released.
a.) Determine the acceleration of the
system in m/s2. (1.57 m/s^2)
b.) Determine the tension on the cable.
(116 N)
c.) Determine the distance traveled by the
system. (0.79 m)
WORK-ENERGY METHOD
Problem 16
A 5 kg slider is released from rest at A
and slides along a smooth circular rod.
The stiffness of the spring is 400 N/m and
has an outstretched length of 0.75 m.
a.) Determine the change in gravitational
potential energy as the slider moves from
A to B. (36.79 J)
b.) Determine the change in elastic
potential energy as the slider moves from
A to B. (93.20 J)
c.) Determine the velocity of the slider
when it reaches B. (7.21 m/s)
Problem 17 (Practice Problem)
The figure shows a 4.50 kg collar that
slides along the smooth vertical rod under
the actions of gravity and an ideal
spring. The spring has a stiffness of 875
N/m and its free length is 0.75 m. The
collar is released from the rest in
position A.
a.) Determine the elastic potential energy
at point B. (9.84 J)
b.) Determine the velocity of the collar
when it is at point B. (2.29 m/s)
c.) Determine the distance h that locates
position C, the highest position reached
by the collar. (0.198 m)
IMPULSE-MOMENTUM:
Momentum is mass in motion, and any moving
object can have momentum. An object’s
change in momentum is equal to its
impulse. Impulse is a quantity of force
times the time interval.
Problem 18
A golf ball of mass 0.045 kg is hit off
the tee at a speed of 45 m/s. The golf
club was in contact with the ball for
3.5x10-3 s.
a.) Determine the impulse imparted to the
golf ball. (2.025 kg-m/s)
b.) Determine the average force exerted on
the ball by the golf club. (578.57 N)
CONSERVATION OF MOMENTUM:
The law of momentum conservation can be
stated as follows. For a collision
occurring between the object 1 and object
2 in an isolated system, the total
momentum of the two objects before the
collision is equal to the total momentum
of the two objects after collision.
Problem 19
An object A weighing 10 kg moving to the
right with a velocity of 10 m/s collides
with an object B weighing 5 kg moving to
the left with a velocity of 5 m/s.
a.) Find the velocity of A after collision
if the coefficient of restitution is 0. (
v' =5 m/ s)
b.) Find the velocity of A after collision
if the coefficient of restitution is 1. (
m m
v'1 =0 ∧v '2=15 )
s s
c.) Find the velocity of A after collision
if the coefficient of restitution is 0.8.
m ' m
( v '1=1 ∧v 2=13 )
s s
Problem 20
A ball is dropped from a height of 2.40 m.
If the coefficient restitution between the
ball and the ground is 0.60, to what
height will it bounce?