University of Kirkuk Date of Experiment:7/5/2019

Civil Eng. Dep./ Fluid Laboratory Date of Report: 16 /5/2019

name of the experiment : fluid friction in pipe

experiment number :9

Student Name: maan hamad Ali

Group number:2

Group names: Maan Hamad Ali, Ahmed Ali Hussein, Mohammed

Amir Arslan, intsar Zine El Abidine, Duha Ramiad Abdullah, Ali
Najat Latif, Kamal, Shank Sabah, Hawari, Beyond, Soma Helmi,
elaf Hussain, Ashdar, Ahmed Saleh, Diyar Salar, Abdul
Rahman,
 Introduction
 
In hydraulic engineering practice, it is frequently necessary to estimate the
head loss
incurred by a fluid as it flows along a pipeline. For example, it may be desired
to
predict the rate of flow along a proposed pipe connecting two reservoirs at
different
levels. Or it may be necessary to calculate what additional head would be
required to
double the rate of flow along an existing pipeline.
Loss of head is incurred by fluid mixing which occurs at fittings such as bends
or
valves, and by frictional resistance at the pipe wall. Where there are numerous
fittings
and the pipe is short, the major part of the head loss will be due to the local
mixing
near the fittings. For a long pipeline, on the other hand, skin friction at the pipe
wall
will predominate. In the experiment described below, we investigate the
frictional
.resistance to flow along a long straight pipe with smooth walls
the purpose of the experiment:

1- To investigate The head loss in a pipe.

2- To compare experimental results with theoretical ones.
: Parts of the machine
1- HYDRULIC BENCH.

1-Water pump,
2- operation button,
3- water speed control valve,
4-water quantity
5- opening and opening of reservoir plug,
6-plug,
7-Rato Miter

2-Stopwatch.

1-shut –off valves for individual measuring sections.

2-Double pressure gauge with connecting hoses.
3-infeed(covered).
4-steel tube support.
5-Measuring objects for flow measurement.
6-connections for measuring points.
7-pressure tapping nipple.
8-Drain.
9-Measuring objects for shut-off devices.
 Results and calculations:
Pipe Diameter=17mm
Water temperature is 16° C
Water Kinematic viscosity=1.106*10−6

Q=V ∗A
Q
V =A
A= л* D2/4
V
Q= T

V∗D
μ =Reynolds Number
2
LF V
D
2g
=h L → Measured f

46
ℜ = Laminar calculated f
613.0
ℜ52.0
=Turbulent Calculated f

πD 2
710.0
π( )2
=A 7=3.2 ∗01 −4
4 4

For reading 1
−3
5∗01
62.31
77.3
= ∗01
−4
=Q1

77.3 ∗01 − 4
66.1
=
73.2 ∗01 − 4
m /s =V1

1.66∗0.017
Reynolds Number= 1.106∗10−6 =25515.37 ˃2100

FL V 2 0.8∗(1.66)2
Measured f →hL= 2 gD
→ 0.14=f
2∗9.81∗0.017
→ f =0.021

0.316
Turbulent Calculated f= (25515.37)0.25 = 0.025
No V Time HL V Re Measured Calculate Flow
measured s m (m/s) f f type
1 0.005 13.26 0.14 1.66 25515.37 0.021 0.025 Turbulent

2 0.005 15.13 0.275 1.45 22287.52 0.054 0.025 Turbulent

3 0.005 13.06 0.064 1.68 25822.78 0.000945 0.025 Turbulent

:Discussion
We did not apply this experience in practice because the device was idle only
we have identified the parts of the device and how to enter the fluid and the
way of work and parts of the machine either accounts were ready without
working on the device. Through the calculations we calculated the Reynolds
and we determined the type of runoff and then we calculated the losses in the
tube because of the friction between the liquid and the walls of the tube