University of Kirkuk second stage

College of engineering class B

Civil engineering department Group B2

Fluid Test

Student name: Amna Anwar Sabeeh

Test name: Orifice and jet trajectory
Test date: 15-1-2018
 Objectives :
o To determine the flow velocity in a small ice by the
jet trajectory method.
o To determine the coefficients of velocity and
discharge of a small orifice.
o To compare the measured trajectory of a jet with a
predicted one.

 Machine parts:
1-clamp 2- scale (h)
3-Head Tank 4-Inlet Pipe
5-Orifice Plate 6-Adjustable feet
7-Adjustable Overflow pipe 8-Needle
9-Clip Board
Procedure :
o Connect apparatus to the water supply of
the hydraulic bench and start the pump.
o Adjust the water head h by means of the
adjustable overflow.
o Adjust the trajectory probes of the
trajectory tracing device until they get in
contact with the jet. note them
o Read off the measured y-positions of the
jet and down in tabular form (sample
worksheet shown below).
o Useing a stopwatch establish the time t
required for collecting certain volume Vol
of water in the collecting tank.
o Repeat the procedure for other values of
the water head h.
Calculation:
Water head h (m) Collected water Time (s)
volume
0.265 cm 0.00155 m³ 16.26 s
Orifice diameter Orifice area Qact
8 mm 0.00005024 m² 9.532 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟓 (m³/s)

Measured x Measured y Calculated Vact (m/s)

(m) (m) y(m)
0 0 0 0
0.07 0.009 0.0046 1.634
0.14 0.031 0.018 1.761
0.21 0.062 0.041 1.867
0.28 0.111 0.073 1.861
0.35 0.165 0.115 1.908
0.42 0.238 0.166 1.906
0.49 0.32 0.226 1.918

Mean Vact (m/s) 1.606

Cv 0.705
Cd 0.832
Head lost (m) 0.133
Discussion:
In this experience there have been some errors and mistakes can
be in taking readings and also not the silence of water and water
leakage and inaccuracy of the device in addition to the water is
not pure. Note that the actual velocity and theoretical velocity are
expected to be equal and that the actual discharge is equal to the
theoretical discharge but not all equal, the actual velocity is less
than the theoretical velocity and the actual discharge is less than
the theoretical discharge because it is the actual velocity loss and
velocity theory where loss and CV in Less than Cd and also the
water head is bigger than the head lost.