TRIADS IN MEDICINE
Name
Achalasia Triad
Alkaptonuria Triad
Anderson Triad
Triad of Anderson syndrome
(not to be confused with the
Anderson triad of oesophageal
rupture)
Bartter's syndrome
Beck's triad
Charcot's cholangitis triad
Charcot's neurologic triad
Congenital toxoplasmosis
Congenital rubella
Congestive Heart Failure Triad
Cushing's triad of Increased
Intracranial Pressure
Dieulafoy's triad
Fanconi syndrome triad
Female athlete triad
Gradenigo’s Triad
Triad of opioid overdose
Triad of granulomatosis with
polyangiitis
Hakim Triad(Adams Triad)
Triad (Triad of Sandblom)
Triad Disease
Increased lower oesophageal sphincter (LES)tone,
Achalasia
decreased LES relaxation, aperistalsis
Ochronotic arthritis, Ochronotic pigmentation,
Alkaptonuria
Urine darkens on standing
Oesophageal
Subcutaneous emphysema, rapid respirations, and
rupture (likely
abdominal rigidity
intraabdominal)
Bronchiectasis, Cystic Fibrosis, Vitamin A Anderson
deficiency Syndrome
Metabolic alkalosis, Hypokalaemia, Normal or
decreased blood pressure
Muffled heart sound, Distended neck veins, Cardiac
Hypotension tamponade
Ascending
Right Upper Quadrant Pain, Fever, Jaundice
cholangitis
Scanning speech, intention tremor, nystagmus Multiple sclerosis
Chorioretinitis, hydrocephalus, intracranial Congenital
calcifications toxoplasmosis
Cataracts, patent ductus arteriosus, sensorineural
Congenital rubella
hearing loss
Congestive Heart
Tachycardia, Tachypnea, Tender hepatomegaly
Failure
Bradycardia, Bradypnea, Hypertension Head injuries
Hyperesthesia of the skin, exquisite tenderness
Acute appendicitis
and guarding over McBurney's point
Fanconi
Aminoaciduria, Proteinuria, Phosphaturia
syndrome
Eating disorders, amenorrhoea, decreased bone
mineral density
Sixth cranial nerve Palsy, Persistent ear discharge, Gradenigo's
Deep seated retro orbital pain syndrome
Respiratory depression, pinpoint pupils, CNS
depression
Focal necrotizing vasculitis, necrotizing
granulomas in the lung and upper airway, Granulomatosis
necrotizing glomerulonephritis with polyangiitis
Normal pressure
Urinary incontinence, Gait disturbance, Dementia hydrocephalus
Malena, Obstructive jaundice, Biliary colic Hemobilia
Triad of Meigs' Syndrome Ascites, pleural effusion, benign ovarian tumour Meigs' syndrome

Haemolytic Uremic Syndrome Anaemia, Thrombocytopenia, Renal failure Haemolytic-

Triad uremic syndrome
Hutchison's teeth, Interstitial keratitis, Nerve Congenital
Hutchinson's triad
deafness syphilis
Triad of bronchiectasis, Recurrent sinusitis, and, Kartagener
Kartagener Syndrome Triad Situs inversus syndrome

Triad of bilateral hip, thigh, and buttock

claudication, impotence, and symmetric atrophy Leriche's
Leriche's syndrome Triad
of the bilateral lower extremities due to chronic syndrome
ischemia
Boerhaave
Meckler's triad Vomiting, pain and subcutaneous emphysema
syndrome
Melkersson Rosenthal Recurrent facial Palsy, Plication Of Tongue.
Syndrome Facial Oedema
Meltzer's triad Purpura, arthralgia, weakness/myalgia Cryoglobulinemi
a
Meniere's Disease Vertigo, Tinnitus, Sensorineural hearing Loss
Triad
Twisting force in a weight bearing knee joint
O’ Donoghue Triad (Also
causes injury to Medial collateral ligament,
known as Unhappy Triad)
Anterior cruciate ligament, Medial meniscus
Telangiectasia, Capillary fragility. Hereditary Hereditary
Osler's triad haemorrhagic diathesis haemorrhagic
telangiectasia

Parkinsonism Rigidity, Tremor, Hypokinesia

Urethritis, conjunctivitis and anterior uveitis,

Triad of Reactive arthritis Reactive arthritis
arthritis
Saint's Triad Gall stones, Diverticulosis, Hiatus hernia

Samter's triad(also known as

Acetylsalicylic acid triad or
Aspirin-induced
Widal's triad or Francis' triad Aspirin sensitivity, Nasal polyps, Asthma
asthma
or
Aspirin triad)
Tetany in Children - Triad Stridor, Carpopedal spasm, Convulsions Tetany

Black locks, Occulo-cutaneous Albinism,

Triad of Albinism Deafness of sensorineural type Albinism

Sensorineural deafness, Progressive renal failure,

Triad of Alport Syndrome Alport syndrome
Ocular anomalies
Behcet's
Triad of Behcet's Syndrome Recurrent oral ulcers, Genital ulcers, Iridocyclitis
Syndrome
Triad of Causes of Biotin
Glossitis, Alopecia, Dermatitis
Deficiency
Triad of Henoch–Schönlein Palpable purpura on buttock/legs, arthralgia,
purpura abdominal pain IgA vasculitis

Triad of Hypernephroma Pain, haematuria, renal mass Hypernephroma

 Triad of Kwashiorkor Growth retardation, Mental changes, Oedema Kwashiorkor
Triad of Plummer-Vinson Iron deficiency anaemia, dysphagia, oesophageal Plummer-Vinson
syndrome webs syndrome
Triple Test (for diagnosis of
Estimation of hCG, Estriol, and AFP
Down’s syndrome)
Conductive deafness, Immobility of homolateral Nasopharyngeal
Trotter's Triad
soft palate, Trigeminal neuralgia carcinoma
Unhappy Triad ACL, MCL, Medial Meniscus injury Knee Injury
Venous
Virchow's triad Stasis, Hypercoagulability, Vessel injury
thrombosis
Triad of Wernicke Wernicke
Confusion, ophthalmoplegia, ataxia
encephalopathy encephalopathy
Hypoglycaemia during attacks, resolution of
Whipple's Triad symptoms upon correction of blood glucose, Insulinoma
symptoms brought about by low glucose states.
Triad of Aortic stenosis Chest pain, Heart failure, Syncope Aortic Stenosis
Murphy's triad Pain, Vomiting, Fever Acute
appendicitis
Tillaux's triad Mid abdominal cystic swelling, cystic swelling Mesenteric cyst
mobile at the root of the mesentery perpendicular
to it, band of bowel resonance in front of the cyst

Small bowel obstruction, a gallstone outside the

Rigler's triad gallbladder, and air in the bile ducts Gallstone ileus

Weil's Disease Hepatorenal damage, Bleeding diathesis. Pyrexia

PENTADS IN MEDICINE

Name Pentad Disease

Pentad of Microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia, Fever, Disturbed Thrombotic

TTP neurological function, Renal failure, Thrombocytopenia thrombocytopenic
purpura
Pentalogy Omphalocele, Anterior diaphragmatic hernia, Sternal cleft, Ectopia Thoraco-abdominal
of Cantrell cordis, Intracardiac defect. syndrome
Pentalogy Fallot's tetralogy with, in addition, a patent foramen ovale or, Atrial
of Fallot septal defect.
Reynolds Abdominal pain, Fever, Jaundice, Shock and Depression of central Acute suppurative
Pentad nervous system function cholangitis