Running head: IMMIGRATION 1

Immigration

Name

Institution Affiliation
IMMIGRATION 2

Immigration

A need is a discrepancy or the gap between “what is” and “what should be.” A need

assessment is a systematic set of procedure that are used to determine needs, examine their

nature and causes, and set priorities for future action. The ultimate goal of a needs assessment

is to determine the current and the desired performance. The difference or the gap between

the two is the learning that must occur and the basis for a good training design. In the real

world, there is never enough money or resources that meet all needs. Needs assessment are

conducted to help program planner identify and select the right job before doing the job right.

Target Population

Availability of gap in a community reaches a high height of disadvantages to a

community. In this case, a unique aspect of a lack of resources, a method or a system, places

young people at a disadvantage or puts them at risk of negative social consequences, such as

poor academic performance. Statistics prove that immigrants in our country, United States, as

a result of rapid recent immigration, children with immigrants’ parents compose a large and

raising share of the nation’s young children population. Throughout this report, we define

young children as those under age 6, and children of immigrants as those with at least one

parent born outside the United States. Some of these children live with a single foreign born

parent, or in other cases with two foreign born parents, and others with one parent born in

United States and other born in another country. Moving to a foreign country is an important

event in the life of a child. It is essential to have a good understanding of the factors that

create opportunities, rewards, and challenges in the development of immigrant children —

both in the host society and in the immigrant family. The children of immigrant families and

especially those who live in a state that does not provide social services, are faced with

challenges which then causes there to be a lack in public transportation, English learning

programs and healthcare clinics.

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The acculturation divide that arises over time between generations is a major issue

faced by immigrant children and their families. When immigrants enter a new country, the

process of acculturation begins with changes in language, behaviour, attitudes and values.

Children get relatively quickly involved in the new culture, especially when they go to

school, but their parents may never get enough comfort with the new language and culture to

become socially integrated into their new country[ CITATION Din11 \l 2057 ]. Therefore, there

may be little opportunities for immigrant children to engage and learn about their heritage

culture. As a result, parents and children of immigrants are gradually living in different social

environments. These "acculturation differences" are correlated with conflict and change in

the family. In this we may notice that if we are not teaching our society English, how do we

expect anyone to speak English?

Gaps in acculturation are troublesome because they make it difficult to interact with

the family and to understand each other. Their native language would remain predominant for

adult immigrants, even many years after their resettlement. Yet most children learn the new

language very quickly, have conversational skills over the years, and have academic language

mastery within 5-7 years. When immigrant children do not have formal education in their

heritage language, discussing abstract concepts and complex issues with their parents as they

mature becomes increasingly difficult for them.

In this need assessment, we will further discuss the local needs in Tyler of the

immigrant families in small town – Texas. So, what could make leaning better for these

children? This study states that the learning home environment, play a key role in teaching

one’s own children as well as a suitable teacher who has acquired the proper training to

provide services in their classroom such as ESL. It is unknown what transpires between the

teacher understands of the perceived needs related to immigrant Latino families in one rural

community.
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Existing Data of the Immigrant Population as It Related to Parents their

Children to Transportation

Several parents in the study said that because they lacked driver's licenses they were

unable to drive their children to services. Parents were afraid of being pulled over by the

police and then detained by ICE without licenses. These fears were more acute in the lack of

reliable public transport in South Carolina, South Texas, and rural and suburban jurisdictions.

The ability of parents to enrol their children in early learning programs that did not provide

buses was hindered by lack of transportation[ CITATION Lyn11 \l 2057 ]. On the other hand,

recently, Illinois and California permitted unauthorized immigrants to apply for driver's

licenses to improve their mobility. Perhaps they lack a driver's license because they do not

speak enough English (or Spanish, in some cases) to pass a written examination (Richardson

K.C., 2006)

Existing Data of the Immigrant Population as It Relates to Children and

Their Health

Among immigrant families, the safety and development of children are deeply

understood issues. They received little consideration in the research and assimilation of

immigrants. In a study sponsored by RWJF, researchers explored factors that affect the

susceptibility of immigrants to insufficient health care, including socio-economic

background; immigration status; limited English skills; federal, state, and local health care

access policies; residential location; and stigma and marginalization. The study concluded

that, generally, immigrants have lower health insurance rates, use less health care, and

receive lower quality care than people born in the U.S. Furthermore, it has been shown that

toxic stress associated with fear of deportation has harmful effects on the long-term physical

and mental health of a person[ CITATION Ria19 \l 2057 ]. This type of trauma, which acts as a

barrier to normal physical and mental development and health, is particularly vulnerable to
IMMIGRATION 5

children. In addition, fear of deportation has a significant impact on the delivery of non-

medical services, such as food aid, which are important for good health.

Existing Data of the Immigrant Population as It Relates to Children and

Their Education

While many immigrants arrive in this country with trauma, anxiety, and depression,

these issues are exacerbated by issues with understanding the English language, economic

stressors, and difficulty understanding cultural cues. According to the 2012 American

Community Survey, Washtenaw County has 39,359 foreign-born citizens, comprising about

13 percent of the population. According to the 2012 American Community Survey,

Washtenaw County has the highest proportion of foreign-born residents in the state of

Michigan [ CITATION Chi16 \l 2057 ].

Discussion on the role of teachers and if they have learned to identify the needs of the

Latino community. In searching for data in order to find a conclusive result, it is important to

know if these teachers are fit to teach the families related to the community. 37 of 85

teachers’ taught at an elementary level, 48 out of 85 taught middle school or high school

levels. 55% which is 47/85 had completed the state-mandated exam which provides teacher’s

a certification to teach English as a second language.

Current services and resources available for Immigrants Parent and

Children Status of the Population in Texas U.S

During fiscal year 2016 (October 2015–September 2016) more than 1 million

immigrants were granted legal permanent resident status in the United States. There were

5,378 internationally adopted children and 84,989 refugees were admitted to the United

States during the 2016 FY. However, as non-immigrant, long-term tourists (including

graduates, temporary workers, and exchange visitors staying more than 6 months) more than

6 million people entered the United States. Throughout their stay, some will probably require
IMMIGRATION 6

some form of health care. Therefore, US health care professionals are very likely to interact

at some point in their career with foreign-born people.

In order to identify unsafe health conditions, the Immigration and Nationality Act

(INA) requires that all immigrants and refugees receive medical screening. An official panel

doctor in the country of origin of the applicant is responsible for the pre-departure screening

test. Applicants who change their immigration status upon settling in the U.S. undergo a

federal surgeon's medical examination. Although federal regulations do not mandate refugees

to undergo regular medical examination upon arrival in the United States, systems are in

place for refugees in all states to receive a health assessment shortly after arrival.

Informative Specialist

So that I may dig out and get all out of the selected informative, I had to use questionnaire,

form of which would be best suited in getting it all. The questionnaire and probing questions

I used are;

1. Is the impact of acculturation gaps on adolescent outcomes mediated by family

adjustment, such that acculturation gaps lead to family conflict? Which in turn

contributes to problems in adolescents’ adjustment?

2. What is it that teachers understand about the Latino community and English as a

second language? The relationship between their children. What do they feel like the

Latino families need?

3. What do Latino immigrants already know, understand and their needs related to their

children’s school?

4. What kind of partnerships would benefit the families and the school in helping the

student in learning in this community?

5. Do teachers have the proper training to provide children who speak English as a

second language?
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6. Do acculturation gaps predict family conflict or other problems in family

adjustments?

7. What were the needs or what would the individual like for their community to have,

and if they have programs, are they currently being provided with this?

8. Do you feel like the community understands the English language learning needs

desperate need of these services? There was also a shortage in the supply of teachers

versus the demand.

9. What is the single most pressing need that immigrants’ families have in this

community?

10. What are other important needs? How are these needs currently being addressed?

In asking these questions there was little knowledge about the school’s overall

performance in how well they teach English, but I will state what I seek to know apart from

the above questions. In discovering the finding in some research data, I was provided with

how well the teacher trained if at all in ESL? My data concluded that only a few among

Elementary level teachers and the score was higher between middle school and high school.

In addressing the needs of providing the English language and learning needs, there was data

that lead to the conclusion that determined that the community needed a program that taught

English, and the community needed to be provided with more certified teachers.

Inventions Assessment

Different individuals have different attributes towards migrating to Latino community

or the United State community. To those who consider migrating to the community, they

claim the main reason to wanting to have a good established lifestyle, majority feel the

mishandling and torture from the initial Latino family isn’t really a bother towards their

dream. Other advocate for being out of the country, as the process for acquiring the
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community member hood is cumbersome and tiring, other time it involves torture or

violence[ CITATION Rut15 \l 2057 ].

Type of Instruments that would be Useful in Assessing Needs of the Immigration

Population

Decennial Census

In providing immigration data, it is important to examine the position of the census, the

cornerstone of the country's population statistical information. The 1990 decennial census

included several important questions for immigration research: on nativity (place of

respondents ' birth), date of entry for the foreign-born population to the United States,

citizenship, language used at home, English language skills, ethnic ancestry, and race and

ethnicity. For subsequent censuses, the workshop participants strongly supported the

preservation of these basic data. Immigrant children are a critical generation for study: they

reflect general U.S. society's success and speed of adjustment. Immigrant children are a

pivotal, young subgroup of an increasingly large-scale immigration-affected national

population.

Strategies for addressing Immigrants Needs

Just as immigrant families learn the language and practices of the mainstream culture,

it is critical that policy makers and service providers and increase their awareness of the

cultural beliefs and expectations of immigrants about the development of children. The latter

may have traditions, rituals, and parenting methods that are unique from the mainstream

society and may impact the normal development of children. Clinicians should be mindful of

these variations in order to better understand the needs and strengths of immigrant children.

In attempt to provide adequate community services to immigrant families, educational, health

and other organizations providers are also encouraged to provide out - of-reach and

interpretive services in children's home languages and their families. Throughout their new
IMMIGRATION 9

culture, school staff can eliminate acculturation differences between the two generations by

reaching out to immigrant parents and orienting them to their children's schooling. Parents

would not only improve their understanding of the school system, but they would also have a

better idea of what their children were supposed to do. Nevertheless, educational policies,

services, and curricula for first-generation adolescent immigrants with little or no school

experience need to address different problems than policies for first-generation immigrants

who received most or all of their traditional culture education. Finally, in order to promote

partnerships between two cultures, tolerance of cultural diversity in the mainstream society as

reflected in policies, public discourse, and low perceived discrimination is necessary.

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References

Karoly, L., & Gonzalez, G. (2011). Early care and education for children in immigrant

families. The Future of Children, 21(1), 71-101. Retrieved from

http://www.jstor.org/stable/41229012

Chicco, J. (2016, November 2016). A brief overview of US immigration laws affecting

children, youth and families. US immigration policies and policy initiatives relevant

to children, youth and families., pp. Retrieved;

https://www.apa.org/pi/families/resources/newsletter/2016/11/immigration-laws.

Dina Birman, P. M. (2011, April). Intergenerational differences in acculturation.

Immigration, pp. 1-3.

Gonzalez, L. A. (2011). Early Care and Education for Children in Immigrant Families . The

Future Of Children, 71-101.

Richardson, Christopher K. (2006). Needs Assessment for Undocumented Immigrant, Vol.

52 No.2 2006. Retrieved; https://ejournals.lib.vt.edu/valib/article/view/1013/1294

Rocha, R. R. (2019, July 12). Family separations aren't over. As many as five kids per day are

separated from their parents at the border. Broken Border.

Ruth Kraut, M. M. (2015). Needs Assessment and Proposals for Action: Immigrant Mental

Health in Washtenaw County . Retrieved;

https://www.washtenaw.org/DocumentCenter/View/5356/Immigrant-Mental-Health-

Needs-Assessment-Final-PDF