Fogler_Ch08_web_excerpt.

fm Page 1 Tuesday, February 10, 2015 4:47 PM

Chapter 8 Multiple Reactions W8-1

Web Solved Problems

Web Example SP-8.1 Hydrodealkylation of Mesitylene in a PFR

The production of m-xylene by the hydrodealkylation of mesitylene over a Houdry

Detrol catalyst1 involves the following reactions:

CH3 CH3

 H2  CH4 (WESP-8.1.1)
CH3 CH3 CH3

m-Xylene can also undergo hydrodealkylation to form toluene:

CH3 CH3

 H2  CH4 (WESP-8.1.2)
CH3
A significant The second reaction is undesirable, because m-xylene sells for a higher price than
economic incentive toluene ($1.32/lbm vs. $0.30/lbm).2 Thus we see that there is a significant incentive
to maximize the production of m-xylene.
The hydrodealkylation of mesitylene is to be carried out isothermally at
1500R and 35 atm in a packed-bed reactor in which the feed is 66.7 mol% hydro-
gen and 33.3 mol% mesitylene. The volumetric feed rate is 476 ft3/h and the reactor
volume (i.e., V = W ⁄ ρb ) is 238 ft3.
The rate laws for reactions 1 and 2 are, respectively,
0.5
–r 1M = k 1C MC H (WESP-8.1.3)

0.5
r 2T = k 2C XC H (WESP-8.1.4)

where the subscripts are: M  mesitylene, X  m-xylene, T  toluene, Me 

methane, and H  hydrogen (H2 ).
At 1500R, the specific reaction rates are

Reaction 1: k 1  55.20 ( ft3 ⁄ lb mol )0.5 ⁄ h

Reaction 2: k 2  30.20 ( ft3 ⁄ lb mol )0.5 ⁄ h

The bulk density of the catalyst has been included in the specific reaction rate (i.e.,
k 1 = k′1 ρb ).
Plot the concentrations of hydrogen, mesitylene, and xylene as a function of
PFR space time. Calculate the space time where the production of xylene is a max-
imum (i.e., τopt ).

1 Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev., 4, 92 (1965); 5, 146 (1966).

2 November 2004 prices, from Chemical Market Reporter (Schnell Publishing Co.),
265, 23 (May 17, 2004). Also see www.chemweek.com/ and www.icislor.com
Fogler_Ch08_web_excerpt.fm Page 2 Tuesday, February 10, 2015 4:47 PM

W8-2 Multiple Reactions Chapter 8

Solution
Reaction 1: M + H ⎯⎯→ X + Me (WESP-8.1.1)

Reaction 2: X + H ⎯⎯→ T + Me (WESP-8.1.2)

Mole balance on 1. Mole balances:
each and every
species dFH
Hydrogen: ---------  r H (WESP-8.1.5)
dV

dF
Mesitylene: ---------M-  r M (WESP-8.1.6)
dV

dFX
Xylene: ---------  r X (WESP-8.1.7)
dV

dF
Toluene: --------T-  r T (WESP-8.1.8)
dV

dFMe
Methane: ------------  r Me (WESP-8.1.9)
dV
2. Rate laws and net rates: Given
1⁄2
Reaction 1: –r 1M = k 1C H C M (WESP-8.1.3)
1⁄2
Reaction 2: r 2T = k 2C H C X (WESP-8.1.4)

Relative rates:
(1) –r1H = –r1M = r1Me = r1X (WESP-8.1.10)
(2) r2T = r2Me = –r2H = –r2X (WESP-8.1.11)
Net rates:
1/2
r M = r 1M = –k 1C H C M (WESP-8.1.12)
1/2 1/2
r H = r 1H + r 2H = r 1H – r 2T = –k 1C H C M –k 2C H C X (WESP-8.1.13)
1/2 1/2
r X = r 1X + r 2X = –r 1H – r 2T = k 1C H C M – k 2C H C X (WESP-8.1.14)
1/2 1/2
r Me = r 1Me + r 2Me = –r 1H + r 2T = k 1C H C M + k 2C H C X (WESP-8.1.15)
1/2
r T = r 2T = k 2C H C X (WESP-8.1.16)

3. Stoichiometry
The volumetric flow rate is
F P T
v = v0 -------T- -----0 -----
FT 0 P T 0