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4, MODERN BANKING OPERATIONS n APPENDIX TO CHAPTER 4 FUNDAMENTAL DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ISLAMIC AND TRADITIONAL FINANCING PARADIGMS FOUNDATIONS The Islamic Paradigm: Financial intermediation is aimed at addressing concerns of depositors and meeting needs of end-users of funds in the framework of permissible forms of transactions in the Shari* ah. The Traditional Paradigm: Financial intermediation is carried out on the basis of (interest-based) lender-borrower relationships between depositors and banks on one hand and banks and end-users of funds on the other. ROLE FUNCTIONS OF PLAYERS ON FINANCIAL SCENE Islamic Traditional Set-up Set-up (i) Lenders Lenders (i) Partners Economic Agents Financiers (Sellers, Buyers, (Lenders) Lessors, Partners) GUIDE TO DIAGRAMMATIC ILLUSTRATIONS @ = Financial flows Return financial flows Real flows (goods/usufruct/services), —————-— Direction. of flows >

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