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Cell - Transport - HW - Packet - JR - 10-11 - Key Finalized MG
Cell - Transport - HW - Packet - JR - 10-11 - Key Finalized MG
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Cell Transport HW #1 (see p. 1 of notes)
The picture below represents a tiny blood vessel (called a capillary) with body cells surrounding it. Blood within the
capillary will transport substances to the cells and collect wastes from cells.
1) Which of the above materials will diffuse from the blood into the cells? __nutrients and oxygen_________________
2) Which of the above materials will diffuse from the cells into the blood? _______carbon dioxide and waste______
3) In order for oxygen to diffuse into the cells, what must the concentration of oxygen in the cell be in
comparison to the concentration of oxygen in the blood?
_____________ The concentration of oxygen in the cell should be lower than in the blood in order to get oxygen to
diffuse into the cell from the blood._______________________________________ _____________
4) In order for carbon dioxide to diffuse out of the cells, what must the concentration of carbon dioxide in the
blood be? The concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood should be lower than in the cell in order to get carbon
dioxide to diffuse out of the cells into the blood.___________________________________
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Cell Transport HW #2
______ 1. What two types of organic molecules is the cell membrane mostly composed of? (choose two)
a. carbohydrates
b. lipids
c. proteins
d. nucleic acids
a) unicellular only
b) multicellular only
c) only organisms which have a circulatory system
d) all organisms
3. Cells must be able to exchange materials into and out of cells in order to maintain a state of balance
4. Any type of cell transport which does NOT require an input of cellular energy is called
__passive ____________transport.
______ 5. A cell membrane allows substance X into the cell. It does not allow substance Y into
the cell. Which of the following are true? (Draw a picture if it will help.)
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6. Fill in the blanks of the diagram using the word bank given.
Hydrophilic head
phospholipid
Hydrophobic tail
Outside
carbohydrate
Membrane
Lipid protein
bilayer
Inside
8. We know that the “heads” of the phospholipids face out towards the environment and cell cytoplasm. Which
parts of the phospholipids are in the interior of the cell membrane?________ Hydrophobic tails____________
a. diffusion
b. osmosis
c. facilitated diffusion
d. none of these
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Cell Transport HW #3
Two sides of a container are separated by a membrane permeable to both water and iodine.
BEGINNING OF THE EXPERIMENT:
The left side of the membrane contains solution of The right side of the membrane contains pure
water( H2O) and iodine (KI). water.
The picture below shows the apparatus after it is allowed to sit for a period of time.
1) In the illustration above, which substance (water or iodine) is the solute? ____iodine______
2) Which substance is the solvent? ________water____________
3) In the top illustration, which side of the membrane (left or right) shows a true solution – meaning it has
both a solute and a solvent?
_______________side A_______________________________________
Iodine 12 0 6 6
Water 11 23 17 17
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5) Did diffusion take place during this experiment? _____yes__________Which molecules (water, iodine)
diffused during this experiment? ________both_______________________________________
6) Describe the movement of water and iodine molecules during this experiment.
In which direction did the iodine molecules diffuse? ( left to right , right to left ) circle one
In what direction did the water molecules diffuse? ( left to right , right to left ) circle one
Iodine molecules moved from an area of ___high_____ (high,low) concentration of iodine to an area of
_____low_____(high, low) concentration of iodine.
Water molecules moved from an area of high ____ water ______(water, iodine) concentration to an
area of low _____ water _____(water, iodine) concentration.
Movement is always from ___ high ___(high, low) to ____ low _____(high, low).
7) At the beginning of the experiment (on the first page), the two sides of the apparatus have differences in
the concentrations of solute particles. What is this difference called? ___concentration gradient_____
8) Does the movement of water or iodine in this experiment require energy other than the heat found
naturally in the molecules?_____no_______
9) What is another term for the type of transport that does not require metabolic energy (ATP)?
(circle answer) Passive transport Active transport
10) Describe the concentrations of iodine and water molecules in the two sides of the container at
the end of the experiment. _______equal concentrations___________________
12) At the end of the experiment, are molecules of iodine and water still moving? Explain.
______the molecules still move since we cannot stop particles from moving BUT there is NO NET movement
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Cell Transport HW #4
2. Which of the following statements tells how facilitated diffusion differs from simple diffusion?
A. Particles move through cell membranes without the use of energy by cells.
B. Particles tend to move from high concentration to lower concentration.
C. Particles move within channel proteins that pass through cell membranes.
D. Particles tend to move more slowly than they would be expected to move.
3. Place a check mark in the table below to indicate whether the example given illustrates osmosis or diffusion. Yes, yes we know
that osmosis is a type of diffusion but let’s just see if you can distinguish osmosis from “regular” (non-osmotic) diffusion.
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5. COMPLETE A VENN DIAGRAM COMPARING OSMOSIS, DIFFUSION AND FACILIATED TRANSPORT. Write the letters
that represent the words/phrases below to save space in the diagram.
A , C,
A , B, D, E
C, D
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Cell Transport HW #5
1. How did the dry spaghetti increase in size? _____water entered the wheat cells, causing them to swell (osmosis)
____________________________________
2. Where did the liquid in the salad bowl come from? ___water exited the lettuce cells (osmosis)
_______________________________
1. When Jenny made the salad, were more water molecules inside or outside the plant cells? Choose one.
2. What happens when the number of water molecules is greater inside a cell than outside?
molecules of water will move out of the cell (also solutes may move in)
3. How does your answer to number 2 help to explain what happened to the vegetables in the salad?
Because the conc of water was greater inside the cells than outside, there was a net movement of water OUT of the
cells. The water was seen collecting at the bottom of the bowl (outside the cells)
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4. When Jenny put dry spaghetti into boiling water, was there more water inside or outside the food?
5. What happens when the number of water molecules is greater in one area than another area?
Osmosis will occur - movement from high water conc area to low water conc area
6. How does your answer to number 5 help to explain what happened to the spaghetti?
Water moved from an area of higher conc (in the pot of water) to the area of lower conc (inside the wheat cells in the
spaghetti) - so the cells swelled and increased in size as they took in water.
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Cell Transport HW #6
______ 1. Water moves into a cell when the solution surrounding the cell is:
A. hypertonic
B. hypotonic
C. isotonic
D. concentrated
_______2. Cells placed in a hypotonic solution will ___________ while cells placed in a hypertonic
a) water in the potato cells moves out into the salt solution
b) water in the salt solution moves into the potato cells
c) the salt moves into the potato cells
d) the salt absorbs the water from the cells
e) the salt “sucks” the water out of the cell
4. Label the pictures below ( isotonic, hypertonic, or hypotonic environments)
*Here it's impt to not just count the # of molecules but get a sense of the % concentration of
solution. For ex see how in the first one, outside the molecules are more spread out indicating a
lesser concentration. Conc is % of solute (amt solute PER solvent, not simply # of solute
particles.).
6. _ hypo tonic environment means there is a LOWER concentration of solute molecules OUTSIDE
the cell than inside.
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7. ______isotonic environment means there is the SAME concentration of solute molecules outside
the cell as inside.
8. The pressure inside a plant cell caused by water pushing against the cell wall is called
______turgor____ pressure.
10. This happens when a cell is placed in a _____ hypo tonic solution.
12. The SHRINKING of plant cells when water leaves so the cell membrane
pulls away from the cell wall is called ____plasmolysis___. It happens when a plant cell is placed
into _____hypertonic solution.
13. When water leaves a plant cell, the osmotic pressure will _____decrease______.
increase decrease
14. The shrinking of ANIMAL cells that are placed in a HYPERTONIC solution is
called __plasmolysis____________________.
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Cell Transport HW #7
Predicting the directions of osmosis
2. 3/97 inside cell; 5/95 outside. water will move out of cell; shrink; solution is hypertonic
3. 20/80 inside cell; 20/80 outside. water will move equally in/out; stay same size; isotonic
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4. 5/95 inside cell; 20/80 outside. water will move out of cell; shrink; hypertonic
5. 1/99 inside cell; 10/90 outside. water will move out of cell; shrink; hypertonic
6. 10/90 inside cell; 5/95 outside; water will move into cell; swell; hypotonic
7. 15/85 inside cell; 15/85 outside; water will move equally in/out; stay same; isotonic
8. 2/98 inside cell; 5/95 outside. water will move out of cell; shrink; hypertonic
9. 8/92 inside cell; 5/95 outside. water will move into cell; swell; hypotonic
10. 3/97 inside cell; 1/99 outside. water will move into cell; swell; hypotonic
you don't want the cells to swell excessively but more importantly as you exercise you use up various solutes
(sugar, etc.) as you exercise so if you give a solution that is isotonic with these substances then there will be a
balance of substances moving in/out of cell. If you gave just hypotonic then potentially solutes will move OUT of
cells.. Most body fluids are isotonic to avoid excessive shrinking/swelling of cells and the loss of impt solutes.
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Cell Transport HW #8 (see page 13-14 of your notes)
Active Transport
Facilitated diffusion takes place when a substance diffuses across the cell membrane through a protein channel.
Active transport takes place when the cell uses energy to carry a substance across the cell membrane against a
concentration difference.
Energy
Molecule
being carried
2. Which process can move molecules from a lower concentration solution on one side of the membrane to a
higher concentration solution on the other side?
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Pages not used in HW packet in 2013
1. Particles of matter are in constant random motion. They move faster when temperatures are ___higher__.
Use the following example to answer questions 5-8: Nicholas, a pharmacist, had to prepare a 5% solution of salt water
(also called saline solution) for a customer. In order to do this, he should mix 5 grams of salt with 100ml of water.
10. Label each of the pictures below with high concentration gradient, low concentration gradient, and zero
concentration gradient.
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a) no energy b) thermal energy c) energy from ATP
13. Which term refers to the condition that exists when no net change in concentration results from
diffusion?
A. concentration C. osmosis
B. equilibrium D. randomness
14. Air has a higher concentration of oxygen molecules than does the cytoplasm of your lung cells. Where
in your lungs will there be a net increase of oxygen?
A. in the air breathed in C. outside of the lung cells
B. in the air breathed out D. inside of the lung cells
Passive Transport
Diffusion is the movement of particles
from an area of high concentration to
an area of low concentration. Osmosis
is the diffusion of water through a
selectively permeable membrane.
Study the beakers at the right. The
arrows between beakers tell you
what process is occurring.
1. In the beakers on the right,
draw the result of the described
process. Draw changes in water
levels. Draw changes in the number
of solute particles. Remember to
draw on both sides of the
membrane.
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15. Cells stay the same size when placed in an _____isotonic solution because the amount of
water leaving the cell is the same and the amount of water entering.
16. If the solute (dots) in this diagram is unable to pass through the
dividing membrane, what will happen?
A. the water level will rise on the right side of the tube
B. the water level will rise on the left side of the tube
C. the water level will stay equal on the two sides
17. Analyze the diagrams below and answer the questions inside the boxes.
= semipermeable membrane
Condition 1: iodine will move left to right; water will move right to left. Water level on left side will rise.
Condition 2: iodine will not move since the membrane is impermeable; water willl still move right to left so water level
on left side will again rise
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Endocytosis: Endocytosis:
_____4_______ ____5________
Exocytosis: Exocytosis:
___3________ ___2________
Endocytosis:
Endocytosis:
_____1_______
_____6_______
Exocytosis:
Exocytosis:
___6_________
___1_________
Endocytosis:
Endocytosis:
____2________
___3_________
Exocytosis:
Exocytosis:
_____5_______
___4_________
1. What do you notice as a similarity between the steps in endocytosis and exocytosis?
bulk transport - movement of large particles or clumps of materials
2. What kind of energy source is needed for these processes to occur? cellular energy ATP
3. Why would a cell need to do this kind of transport versus facilitated diffusion or active transport with a carrier
protein? because molecules (or clumps of particles) are too large to pass through membrane
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Cell Transport HW #9 (Review)
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READING EACH ROW HORIZONTALLY LEFT TO RIGHT: 1. B, F 2. D, C 3. C 4. B, F
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1. Draw a membrane with a channel protein; molecules in area of greater conc move through the
channel to the side of lesser concentration
2. the cell started out shrunken and then gained water so it must have been placed into a
hypotonic solution to cause this change.
4. i. circle; ii. triangle and square; iii. semipermeable; iv. draw all three shapes with arrow going
through membrane like the circle one shown in the "cell A" diagram.
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