Welcome back for another video on Historical TV.

After the demise of the Abbasid Caliphate, the whole

Muslim world was united under the flag of the Seljuk Empire. How Seljuks originated?  And how a
modest nation living like nomads established their empire on a very large part of the world. Watch this
video till the end to know comp history about the Seljuk Empire.

Moving back to the past, if we look from the edge of the Caspian Sea of Khawarzm and then from
Khawarzm to Khurada and in the area of Dahestan, a nation of nomadic would be seen.

It is said that these people were once inhibited in between the large mountain valley of Turkestan and
China. Later on, these people went to Turkestan and settled there. This nation seemed to be unaware of
the civilization. Their profession was to raise sheep, goats, and horses. These people were racially Turks
while Arabians called them Oghuz Turks. When these tribes move out of the mountain valley and settled
in the regions of Turkestan then a person named Bainu was ruling there. While the leadership of Oghuz
Kinik Tribe was in the hands of a brave man, Toqaq. ALLAH Almighty not just gifted him with valor and
bravery, rather he was very intelligent and judgmental. His opinion on frequent matters proved very
true. Because of his such attributes, he was very dear to Bainu.

In those days, a son was born to Toqaq, which was named as Seljuk. After his name, their nation was
called as Seljuk. Seljuk was given high training since the beginning. Because of his close relationships
with the Royal family, he had skills in all prevailing arts of battles. When he stepped into his young age,
his father Toqaq passed away. Seljuk has the qualities of wisdom and bravery. That's why Bainu gave
him the rank of his close Advisor. The increasing authority of Seljuk and Bainu's kindness towards him is
said to be the beginning of a new era.

The ruler of Turkestan, Bainu was receiving tax from Seljuks. After embracing Islam, Seljuks stopped
paying taxes to Bainu. As a reaction, the king sent his army to fight against them. Seljuks fought with
bravery and defeated the army of Bainu. From this incident, the side forces speculated that it is not too
easy to defeat Seljuks.

In 992 CE, the king of Turkestan, Shahab-ul-Doulah Haroon bin Suleiman, who was famous for the name
of Baghra Khan attacked the river of Mavran of Sassanian Empire. Seljuks helped Sassanians against
them and fought with valor and defeated his army. Such a powerful ruler Baghra Khan had to face
defeat from Seljuks.

After this war, Seljuk died at the age of 108. Seljuk had 5 sons whose names were Mikail, Arslan Israel,
Yunus, Nehal, and Musa. ALLAH Almighty gave Mikail two sons named Chaghri Beg Daud and Tughril Beg
Muhammad. Tughril Beg was just underage when his father Mikail died in a war. When he stepped into
his young age, his grandfather Seljuk had passed away. The Seljuk Empire was founded by Tughril Beg
Muhammad and Chaghri Beg Daud after their decisive victory against Mas'ud I of the Ghaznavid Empire
in the Battle of Dandanaqan. Later, he united all the Turkmen tribes having their ancestry line to his
grandfather Seljuk, and led them in the conquest of Eastern Persia. He conquered Baghdad in 1055 CE
from the Buyid Dynasty. After successfully taking the command of Abbasid’s armies, he started invading
the Byzantine Empire and Fatimid Caliphate to expand his empire and unite the Muslim world. After his
death on 4th September 1063 CE, Alp Arslan (who was the son of his brother Chaghri Beg) became his
successor. His decisive victory against the Byzantine Empire in the Battle of Manzikert 1071 marked the
conquest of Anatolia.
The division of the Seljuk Empire started in 1092 CE after the death of Melikshah when there started a
civil war for the throne between his sons. This continued till 1118 CE when his third son Ahmad Sanjar
became the sole ruler of the Great Seljuk Empire. The decline of the Seljuk Empire started in 1141 CE
when Sanjar’s army was defeated by Yelu Dashi in the Battle of Qatwan. After the death of Ahmad
Sanjar in 1157 CE, the Seljuk Empire was divided into several parts with different capitals. The Seljuk
Empire was removed from the map of the world after the death of last Seljuk Sultan Toghrul III who was
executed in a war in Rey. At its greatest extent, the area of the Seljuk Empire was 3.9 million sqkm.