Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Final Project
Final Project
Final Project
Debojyoti Roy
4TH Semester
Signature of trainee
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I am very much thankful to the HR&A department of W.B.S.E.T.C.L Bidyut
Bhavan, Salt Lake and Kalyani sub station for providing me the opportunity of
vocational training at their substation. I am especially thankful to Sir S. Ghosh,
asst. engineer for his kind attention. I am equally thankful to Mr. Ghosh, Mr.
Ganguly, Mr. Bhattacharyya, Mr. Mayti and other officers for sharing their
valuable experiences at the yard and in control room by making me acquainted
with the practical phenomenon happening over there.
INTRODUCTION
Sub-station as the source of energy of local area of distribution in
which these are located. The main function of a substation is to
receive energy, transmit at high voltage from the generating station,
to reduce the voltage to a value appropriate for distribution and to
provide the facilities of switching. Substation has some additional
functions. They provide points where the safety devices are to be
installed to disconnect equipments or circuits when faults occur.
Voltage on the outgoing distribution feeders can be regulated at the
substation. A substation is a convenient place for installing
synchronous condensers at the end of the transmission line for the
purpose of improving power factor and make measurements to
check the various parts power system. We got the opportunity to
visualize all the phenomena written above at the Kalyani substation
of 132 KV of W.B.S.E.B. from 26.12.2006 to 12.01.2007 and our
experiences of the actions of different parts of the sub stations are
summarized in the following section as much as possible.
Generating unit:
TOWERS:
3) Cheap in cost
4) Longer life
INSULATOR:-
Glass
Synthetic Resin
1) Conductors
2) Supports
3) Insulators
4) cross-arms
CONDUCTOR MATERIALS: The conductor is one of the
important items as most of the capital outlet is invested for
it. Therefore proper choice of material and size of the
conductor is considerable importance. The conductor
material used for transmission and distribution of electric
power should have the following properties:
Pneumatic mechanism
• Horizontal isolator
• Vertical
isolator
HORIZONTAL ISOLATOR
MAIN BUS: - Main bus is the prime portion from which
power is transmitted to power transformer for step down
operation. It receives power through the isolator and then
transmits to the power transformer. Main bus is a three
phase line where ACSR DEER is used. (AS PER I.E. RULES).
But 132 KV ACSR panther can also be used. Since as per
strong recommendation of I.E RULES ACSR DEER is used in
KALYANI SUBSTATION.
TRANSFORMER OIL:- The tank filled with transformer oil and tank is
sealed. It is a mineral oil obtained by refining crude petroleum. It
serves the following purposes:
BUCCHOLZ RELAY: - It is a gas activated relay inside in oil immersed transformers for protection
against all types of fault. Any fault produces heat and in course the evaluation of gases. It mainly
consists of two float switches and
placed in the connecting pipe
between he main tank and the
conservator. Under normal condition
the main tank and the Bucholz relay
is completely filled up with oil and
the conservator tank is half full.
When the fault occurs, it produces
gas which is collected in the
container. So the oil level falls and
closing the alarm circuit. If no
attention is paid to it the gas
collection will be more and close
another circuit, which will cut out the
transformer from the line.
ADVANTAGES:
1. It is the simplest form of transformer protection
2. It detects the slow developing faults at a stage much earlier
than other forms of protection.
EXPLOSION VENT/PRESSURE RELEASE VENT: - When the gas pressure on the container is
heavy, explosion vent is released. Alarm and the trip circuit are closed by the Bucholz relay, before
opening the explosion vent.
TAP CHANGING: - Mainly 132/33 KV transformer used on load tap changing and 33/11 KV
transformer use off load tap changing. The tap changing is mainly done on the H.V. side because
current flow is less than he L.V. side, which reduces flashing during tap changing. Here tap is changed
in 132/133 KV transformer.