past perfect – something that happened before

1 the main time of narration such as background I wish I hadn't gone to bed so late last
night.
information or an explanation

2 I was tired because I hadn't slept for three

past perfect - used to report a past statement
days.

3 past perfect after 'wish' - expresses a regret about If I had gone to bed earlier, I wouldn't have
the past been so tired.

4
past perfect - used in a past conditional structure She said she had called earlier.

I knew I'd seen his face somewhere before.

We didn't stay up to watch the film as we'd already seen it.

I wish I hadn't eaten so much.

They said they'd seen the film before.

I was filthy as I'd been fixing my car.

When Tim got there, we'd nearly finished the cleaning up.

I was coming back from London where I'd been visiting friends

I wish you'd told me before.

He told me he'd tried to call you three times

If I'd known it was your birthday, I'd have bought you a present

I could see straight away that he'd been drinking.

I wish I had more money.

Answers

1 past perfect – something that happened I was tired because I hadn't slept for three days.
before the main time of narration such as
background information or an explanation

I knew I'd seen his face somewhere before.

We didn't stay up to watch the film as we'd

already seen it.

I was filthy as I'd been fixing my car.

When Tim got there, we'd nearly finished the

cleaning up.

I was coming back from London where I'd been

visiting friends.

I could see straight away that he'd been drinking.

2 past perfect - used to report a past statement She said she had called earlier.

They said they'd seen the film before.

He told me he'd tried to call you three times.

3 past perfect after 'wish' - expresses a regret I wish I hadn't gone to bed so late last night.
about the past
 I wish I hadn't eaten so much.

I wish you'd told me before.

I wish I had more money.

4 past perfect - used in a past conditional If I had gone to bed earlier, I wouldn't have
structure been so tired.

If I'd known it was your birthday, I'd have bought

you a present.