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Fruits and Fruit Types PDF
Fruits and Fruit Types PDF
also
1. Dry, or
2. Fleshy
also
1. Indehiscent, or
2. Dehiscent
Fruit types
• Dry • Fleshy
– Dehiscent – Single-seeded
– Indehiscent – Many-seeded
Lily
Capsules open in different manners—their
descriptions as types reflect this
also called
a pyxis
Pyxis –
a circumscissle
capsule
Lid comes
off & seeds
dispersed
Legume = dry dehiscent
fruit derived from one
carpel that opens along
both sides, e.g., pea
Legume
Legume
Shepherd’s purse
Money plant
apricot
Tomato - berry
Magnolia
Raspberry
achenes
Jackfruit
Multiple fruits
Pineapple
Multiple fruit
Noni
Multiple fruits
Multiple fruit
Ginger
Fruit Key
Fruits simple, the product of a single pistil
Fleshy and usually indehiscent
Texture homogeneous, fleshy throughout………………………….…………………………………….……..…Berry
Texture heterogeneous
Fruit exterior a firm, hard, or leathery rind
Septa present, several to many…………………………………….…………………………………………….Hesperidium
Septa absent…………………………………………………………………………………………………….……Pepo
Fruit exterior soft
Center of fruit with a single stone which contains the seed…………………………………………………Drupe
Center of fruit with papery or cartilaginous carpels………………………………………………………..…Pome
Dry fruits
Fruit indehiscent, usually one- to two-seeded
Winged…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..Samara
Wingless
Pericarp thin
Pericarp adnate to the seed………………………………………….…………………………………………..Achene
Pericarp loose and free from seed………………………………………………………………………………Nut
Fruit usually dehiscent, one- to many-seeded
Product of a unicarpellate ovary
Dehiscing by ventral suture only…………………………………….……………………………………………Follicle
Dehiscing by two longitudinal or transverse sutures
Sutures longitudinal………………………………………………………………………………………………..Legume
Sutures transverse…………………………………………………………………………………………….……Loment
Product of a bi- or multicarpellate ovary
Fruit splitting into one-seeded halves…………………………………………………………………………….Schizocarp
Fruit splitting and releasing seeds
Dehiscence circumscissle………………………………………………………………….………………….….Pyxis
Dehiscence longitudinal…………………………………………………………………………………………..Capsule
(Note: silicles & siliques are specialized types of capsules characteristic of Brassicaceae)