TOPIC 7: INTERMOLECULAR FORCES

1 Which intermolecular force is the weakest?

A dipole–dipole forces
B hydrogen bonding
C London forces
D metal ions and delocalised electrons

Your answer

(1)
(Total for Question 1 = 1 mark)

2 (a) Which of the following solids is held together by London forces?

A Ca
B KCl
C I2
D P4O10

Your answer

(1)

(b) Which of the following isomers is likely to have the lowest boiling
temperature?

A CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3
B (CH3)2CHCH2CH3
C (CH3)4C

Your answer

(1)
(Total for Question 2 = 2 marks)

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3 The table shows some information about two different substances.

Substance Formula Mr Boiling temperature/K

ammonia NH3 17.0 240
methane CH4 16.0 109

(a) Which intermolecular force present in methane depends largely on the

number of electrons in each molecule?
(1)

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(b) Explain how the strongest type of intermolecular force in liquid ammonia
occurs.
(3)

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(c) Explain the difference in boiling temperature between the two substances.
(1)

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(Total for Question 3 = 5 marks)

4 Draw a hydrogen bond between a water molecule and a hydrogen sulphide

molecule.
(2)

(Total for Question 4 = 2 marks)

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5 Butan-1-ol (CH3CH2H2CH2OH) and ethoxyethane are structural isomers.
Butan-1-ol is soluble in water and ethoxyethane is not.
Their boiling temperatures are: butan-1-ol, 117 °C and ethoxyethane, 34.5 °C.
Their structural formulae are given below.

Butan-1-ol

Ethoxyethane

(a) Name the types of intermolecular interactions (forces) that exist in

(i) Ethoxyethane
(1)

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(ii) Butan-1-ol
(2)

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(b) Use the answers in part (a) to explain the difference in solubility and boiling
points of the two substances.
(4)

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(Total for Question 5 = 7 marks)

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6 The table below shows the relative molecular masses (Mr) and boiling
temperatures of the first five members of the homologous series alcohols,
methanol to pentan-1-ol.

Formula of CH3OH C2H5OH C3H7OH C4H9OH C5H11OH

compound

Mr 32 46 60 74 88

Boiling 64 78 97 117 138

temperatures

Explain the trend in boiling temperatures of these alcohols.

(3)

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(Total for Question 6 = 3 marks)

TOTAL FOR ASSESSMENT = 20 MARKS

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