Module 6: The Powers of the Mind

Motivation: LATERAL THINKING PUZZLES

1. You are driving down the road in your car on a wild, stormy night, when you pass by a bus stop and you see
three people waiting for the bus:
a. An old lady who looks as if she is about to die
b. An old friend who once saved your life
c. The perfect partner you have been dreaming about
Knowing that there can only be one passenger in your car, whom would you choose?
(Answer: The old lady of course! After helping the old lady into the car, you can give your keys to your
friend, and wait with your perfect partner for the bus.)
2. Acting on an anonymous phone call, the police raid a house to arrest a suspected murderer. They don't
know what he looks like but they know his name is John and that he is inside the house. The police bust in on
a carpenter, a lorry driver, a mechanic and a fireman all playing poker. Without hesitation or communication of
any kind, they immediately arrest the fireman. How do they know they've got their man?
(Answer: The fireman is the only man in the room. The rest of the poker players are women.)
3. A father and his son are in a car crash. The father is killed and the child is taken to hospital gravely injured.
When he gets there, the surgeon says, 'I can't operate on this boy - for he is my son!!!' How can this possibly
be?
(Answer: The surgeon cannot operate on her own son; she is his mother.)
4. There are six eggs in the basket. Six people each take one of the eggs. How can it be that one egg is left in
the basket?
(Answer: The last person took the basket with the last egg still inside.)
5. How could a baby fall out of a twenty-story building onto the ground and live?
(Answer: The baby fell out of a ground floor window.)
Processing questions: As you were thinking of solutions to the puzzles, what was going on inside you?
What organ was working?
The answer involves a wrinkled, pinkish-gray, three-pound organ that is primarily composed of fat and
water and goes by the name of brain.

Brainpower: Complex Organ Controls Your Every Thought and Moves

The brain has three major parts -- the cerebrum, the cerebellum and the brain stem.

The brain stem connects the spinal cord and the brain. It controls functions that keep people alive such as
breathing, heart rate, blood pressure and food digestion. Those activities occur without any thought. You
aren't telling yourself, "Inhale. Exhale. Inhale." You're just breathing.

Things are different in the cerebellum. That region controls voluntary movement. When you want to lift your
fork, wave your hand, brush your hair or wink at a cutie, you form the thought and then an area in the
cerebellum translates your will into action. It happens so quickly. Think about how little time passes between
your desire to continue reading this sentence and the time it takes your eyes to move to this word or this one.
It seems automatic, but it isn't.

The cerebrum is the largest of the three brain sections, accounts for about 85 percent of the brain's weight,
and has four lobes. The lobes-frontal, parietal, temporal and occipital -- each have different functions. They
get their names from the sections of the skull that are next to them. The parietal lobe helps people understand
what they see and feel, while the frontal lobe determines personality and emotions. Vision functions are
located in the occipital lobe, and hearing and word recognition abilities are in the temporal lobe.

BRAIN DOMINANCE
LEFT DOMINANCE RIGHT DOMINANCE
Classical music Popular music
Being on time A good times
Careful planning To visualize the outcome
To consider alternative To go with the first idea
Being thoughtful Being active
Monopoly, scrabble, or chess Athletics, art, or music

Module 7. Mental Health and Well-Being in Middle and Late Adolescents

Activity: MENTAL HEALTH CHALLENGES

ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder)
ADHD is pretty common and can make it hard to focus and sit still. ADHD makes it hard to finish
things, and makes thoughts jump around. Kids who have ADHD can learn to control their thoughts and
 bodies by figuring out what helps them focus, or by talking to a doctor or mental health professional.
Some kids with ADHD do better in school if they can do their work in a quiet room. Sometimes
medicine can help too. Even though having ADHD can make some things harder, people who have
ADHD are just as smart as other people. They can still do well in school and in life.
Anxiety (Panic Disorder)
Have you ever been really nervous? Maybe from a test, a speech, or a big game? When you’re
nervous, your heart starts pounding, you breathe fast, or your stomach might feel funny. Feeling
anxious and nervous is common. But a person diagnosed with an Anxiety Disorder will have these
feelings suddenly and often. These strong, sudden feelings of stress or fear are called “panic attacks.”
A panic attack can make your chest or stomach hurt, your heart speed up, make you feel afraid, dizzy,
or feel like you can’t breathe. Even kids can have panic attacks. People who have panic attacks
sometimes feel scared to go places because they are afraid of having an attack. Their daily life can be
scary, but they can get help, get better and be okay.
Autism Spectrum Disorder
Autism Spectrum Disorder changes the way the brain understands the world. People diagnosed with
autism can have a hard time talking about their feelings, understanding people’s actions, and being
social. They can also be very sensitive about being touched. To a person diagnosed with autism, being
hugged can be scary and uncomfortable. Kids who have autism are just as smart as other kids. They
can be very good at things like math or music. Just because some things are hard for kids with autism,
they are not acting mean or weird. Their brains just work in a different way. They still make friends
and learn how to work and play with others.
Bi-Polar Disorder
Everybody has feelings that change. When something good happens, you feel happy. If something bad
happens, you feel sad. Bi-polar disorder changes the way people feel emotions. If people have bi-polar
disorder, their emotions can go from happy to sad very quickly. They can be very cheerful one
moment, and very angry, sad and tired the next moment. When people with bi-polar disorder
experience intense feelings of happiness it is called “mania.” They can’t think clearly or sleep well, and
they might do things without thinking about them first. When people with bi-polar disorder feel intense
sadness and tiredness, it is called “depression.” Having bi-polar disorder can be very tiring and
stressful. Medication can help. Talking to a mental health professional, friends and family can also help
someone with bi-polar disorder learn how to manage feelings and live a healthy life.
Depression
Depression is a mental health challenge that makes people feel very sad all the time. It can change
how you think, feel, and act. It can even make your body feel sick too. A person diagnosed with
depression can feel so sad that it makes it hard to think clearly. Someone diagnosed with depression
might feel very sad every day, or feel that nobody loves them. They might not want to do things they
used to think were fun. People diagnosed with depression may not know why they feel so sad. Even if
you have a good life, you can struggle with depression. It is good to have family and close friends to
talk to and help when things are bad, and talking to a mental health professional about these strong
feelings can help. Depression can be very hard, but people with depression can get better too, and
learn how to enjoy life.
Eating Disorders
An eating disorder exists when a person's thoughts and behaviors are focused too much on food and
body weight. The person may worry about being "too fat." The person may have a big fear of
becoming obese. Yet, the person's weight may be quite healthy. Three of the most common types of
eating disorders are anorexia, bulimia, and extreme overeating.
 Anorexia refers to weight loss that occurs from not eating.
 Bulimia refers to eating large amounts of food over a short period of time followed by an attempt
to get rid of the food. This getting rid of food is called "purging."
 Extreme overeating is marked by eating, and eating, and eating and then having feelings of guilt
and shame.
The important thing to remember is that having an eating disorder is about more than body weight and
food. Behind the problem we see is something bigger – a person's sense of self-esteem, relationships,
feelings, and how the person handles the stresses of life. A medical doctor, a mental health
professional and a nutritionist are important helpers for this type of problem.
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
Sometimes if you see or live through something very scary, you can keep feeling afraid even after the
scary part is over. It is normal to feel afraid sometimes, but people with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
(PTSD) feel scared even if they are safe and there is nothing to be afraid of. Kids with PTSD might
have very bad dreams that seem real, or think something bad is going to happen again. Even when
they are safe, the feelings of fear are very real. Talking to a mental health professional or friends and
family can help. It takes time and hard work, but kids who are diagnosed with PTSD can learn ways to
handle their fears and can live healthy, happy lives.
Schizophrenia
 Schizophrenia makes it hard for people to know what is real and what is not real. Schizophrenia can
make the brain think it sees or hears things that aren’t really there. A person diagnosed with
schizophrenia can also start to think that people are trying to control them or read their minds. Even
though the things they see, hear, believe or feel might not be true, their brains think they are real and
true, and that can be very scary. Having schizophrenia does not mean a person is violent or bad.
Usually people do not get this illness until their late teens or early adulthood, and there are ways to
make their lives better, like therapy and medication.

Module 9. Emotional Intelligence

What Is Emotional Intelligence?

Emotional intelligence is the ability to understand, use, and manage our emotions. Emotional
intelligence is sometimes called EQ (or EI) for short. Just as a high IQ can predict top test scores, a
high EQ can predict success in social and emotional situations. EQ helps us build strong relationships,
make good decisions, and deal with difficult situations. One way to think about EQ is that it's part of
being people-smart. Understanding and getting along with people helps us be successful in almost any
area of life. In fact, some studies show that EQ is more important than IQ when it comes to doing well
in school or being successful at work.

Motivation: GENEVA’S STORY

Geneva has been standing in line for over two hours to buy a concert ticket. The rule is, one person,
one ticket. Her feet are killing her and she knows she is in trouble with her mom, who expected her home by
now. But there are only five people left in front of her and she is sure she will get a ticket. Out of nowhere, two
girls from school walk up, make a big deal about meeting up with their friend who just happens to be standing
in front of Geneva, and take places in line in front of her.
Source: http://www.advocatesforyouth.org/publications/1190-lessons
Processing Questions:
1. What do you think Geneva should do?
2. How will Geneva feel? How will the two girls feel?
3. What is the worst possible outcome?

TYPES OF RESPONSES
Passive response: Behaving passively means not expressing your own needs and feelings, or expressing
them so weakly that they will not be addressed.
 If Geneva behaves passively, by standing in line and not saying anything, she will probably feel angry with
the girls and herself. If the ticket office runs out of tickets before she gets to the head of the line, she will be
furious and might blow up at the girls after it's too late to change the situation.
 A passive response is not usually in your best interest, because it allows other people to violate your rights.
Yet there are times when being passive are the most appropriate response. It is important to assess whether a
situation is dangerous and choose the response most likely to keep you safe.

Aggressive response: Behaving aggressively is asking for what you want or saying how you feel in a
threatening, sarcastic or humiliating way that may offend the other person(s).
 If Geneva calls the girls names or threatens them, she may feel strong for a moment, but there is no
guarantee she will get the girls to leave. More importantly, the girls and their friend may also respond
aggressively, through a verbal or physical attack on Geneva.
 An aggressive response is never in your best interest, because it almost always leads to increased conflict

Assertive response: Behaving assertively means asking for what you want or saying how you feel in an
honest and respectful way that does not infringe on another person's rights or put the individual down.
 If Geneva tells the girls they need to go to the end of the line because other people have been waiting, she
will not put the girls down, but merely state the facts of the situation. She can feel proud for standing up for her
rights. At the same time, she will probably be supported in her statement by other people in the line. While
there is a good chance the girls will feel embarrassed and move, there is also the chance that they will ignore
Geneva and her needs will not be met.
 An assertive response is almost always in your best interest, since it is your best chance of getting
what you want without offending others.
 At times, however, being assertive can be inappropriate. If tempers are high, if people have been using
alcohol or other drugs, if people have weapons or if you are in an unsafe place, being assertive may not be the
safest choice.

A part of growing up is learning how to "Be the Boss of Your Feelings." It is normal to experience many
feelings, and you develop tools to help them express and manage their difficult feelings. Here are some
challenges:

The Smile Challenge:

Next time you are feeling sad or grumpy, smile at someone or try to make someone laugh. Notice how making
someone laugh or smile makes you smile too.

The Breathing Challenge:

Who controls how you breathe? That's right, you do! So here is a challenge. Next time you are upset, feeling
nervous, or can't get to sleep, take your hand and put it on your heart or your tummy. You may like to close
your eyes as we count five breaths. With each full breath, that's one breath in and one breath out, press one
finger, and then the next, against your tummy. Let's do this five times with long, slow, easy breaths." After the
five breaths, say, "Open your eyes. Do you feel better? Tell your teacher if it works for you. Maybe you can all
do it as a class if you need to take a break, to turn the day around, or to get ready for a test.”

The “Bee Breath”:

If you start to feel angry or upset, sit quietly with your hands in your lap. Close your eyes and make an angry
face. Then take a deep breath in and as you breathe out, hum or buzz that angry bee out. Keep buzzing using
all your breath. Now make a happy face, breathe in again, and make a happy humming or buzzing sound as
you breathe out. Keep buzzing until you feel that the angry bee is gone.

Module 9: Personal Relationship

Activity: STATEMENTS ON RELATIONSHIPS

State whether these statements are True or False.

1. It is important to work on communicating our feelings in relationships. TRUE
2. To love someone, we must love our self first. TRUE
3. Trying to understand where other people are coming from rather than judging them helps us build and
maintain relationships. TRUE
4. Having a good relationship does not contribute anything to us having good health. FALSE
5. When people listen deeply and let us know that they recognize the feeling behind our words, more likely
than not, our relationship is doing good. TRUE
6. In our relationships, it is vital that we practice forgiveness when a loved one has hurt us. TRUE
7. Our loved ones cannot help us when we deal with stress. FALSE
8. Using positive methods to resolve conflict will more likely help us maintain good relationships. TRUE
9. Expressing gratitude to our friends and family help us maintain good relationships. TRUE
10. Significant differences in core values and beliefs never create a problem in relationships. FALSE
11. We are happy in our relationships when our loved ones stay connected by spending time with us and
letting us know that they love us. TRUE
12. Excessive reliance on social media can be a cause of tension in relationships. TRUE
13. Relationships are static; they are unchangeable. FALSE
14. Being compassionate, forgiving and grateful contribute to healthy relationships. TRUE
15. To fully enjoy and benefit from relationships we need skills, information, inspiration, practice, and social
support. TRUE