DESIGN OF PCC TOE WALL

Overall Height = 2.5 m

Introduction
This design presents the stability of PCC Toe wall with surcharge angle wherever applicable.

Design Data
(i) Material = PCC
(ii) Grade of Concrete = M 20
3
(iii) Density of soil = 2.0 t/m
0
(iv) Angle of Internal friction = 30.0
(v) Surcharge assumed = 0.0 m as per IRC 6-2016
3
(vi) Density of PCC = 2.5 t/m
(vii) Angle of wall friction = 20.0 0
(viii) S. B. C. at founding level = 15.0 t/m2
2
(ix) Permissible tensile stress in PCC = -0.53 MPa = -53 t/m
2
(x) Permissible compressive stress in PCC = 6.67 MPa = 667 t/m
DESIGN OF PCC RETAINING WALL
E D

1.0
2.5 II 26.565 IA 1
IV

F C

1.2 0.50
G V
0.3 VI III

A B 0.2 Fig. 1 c
0.20 0.5 1.1 Active earth pressure
2.00 Fig. 1b
Fig. 1a PCC wall Surcharge pressure

Active earth pressure co-efficient as per columb's theory

Ka1 = COS2(f -q )
COS q COS( d+q )
2
1+ SIN(d + f ) SIN( f - a ) 2
COS( d + q )COS( q - a )
WHERE
f= ANGLE OF INTERNAL FRICTION OF EARTH
q= ANGLE OF INCLINATION OF BACK OF WALL
d= ANGLE OF INTERNAL FRICTION BETWEEN WALL & EARTH
a= ANGLE OF INCLINATION OF BACKFILL

f= 30.000 deg. = 0.524 Radian

q= 26.565 deg. = 0.464 Radian
d= 20.000 deg. = 0.349 Radian
a= 26.565 deg. = 0.464 Radian

ka1 = 1.1448
Therefore, Horizontal coefficient of Active earth pressure = Ka1COS(d+q)
Kha1 = 0.787

Therefore, Vertical coefficient of Active earth pressure = Ka1SIN(d+q)

Kva1 = 0.831

f= 30.000 deg. = 0.524 Radian

q= 0.000 deg. = 0.000 Radian
d= 20.000 deg. = 0.349 Radian
a= 26.565 deg. = 0.464 Radian
ka2 = 0.5247
Therefore, Horizontal coefficient of Active earth pressure = Ka2COS(d+q)
Kha2 = 0.493
Therefore, Vertical coefficient of Active earth pressure = Ka2SIN(d+q)
Kva2 = 0.179
CHECK FOR STABILITY & STRESS (BASE PRESSURE) AT FOUNDING LEVEL (FACE AB)

Total earth pressure 'Pa' = [ (w h12) / 2 ] x kha1 + w h1 h' kha2+(w h22) / 2 ] x kha2
Section 1 = 3.082
Surcharge = 0.000
Pa = 3.08 kN
Moment = 3.082 x 1.050 + 0.000 x 1.25

Moment = 3.236 kNm

Calculations for weight of
Soil ( IA ) = 1 x 2.0 x 2.2 x 0.200 = 0.880 t/m
Soil ( I ) = 0.5 x 2.0 x 2.200 x 1.100 = 2.420 t/m
PCC ( II) = 0.5 x 2.5 x 2.200 x 1.100 = 3.025 t/m
PCC ( IIA) = 0 x 2.5 x 1.200 x 1.100 = 0.000 t/m
PCC ( III) 1 x 2.5 x 0.300 x 1.300 = 0.975 t/m
=
PCC (IV) 1 x 2.5 x 2.500 0.500 = 3.125 t/m
= x
PCC ( V) = 0 x 2.5 x 1.200 x 0.200 = 0.000 t/m
PCC (VI) = 1 x 2.5 x 0.300 x 0.200 = 0.150 t/m
Surcharge weight = 1 x 2.0 x 0.000 x 1.100 = 0.000 t/m

Vertical component of earth pressure 1.122 t/m

Total weight = 11.697 t/m

Eccentricity With Moment Due to

Vertical Load Respect to Eccentricity with
CL of Base Toe CL of Base Toe
Soil ( I ) = 2.420 0.433 1.433 1.049 3.469
PCC ( II) = 3.025 0.067 1.067 0.202 3.227
PCC ( IIA) = 0.000 0.450 1.250 0.000 0.000
PCC ( III) = 0.975 0.350 1.250 0.341 1.219
PCC (IV) = 3.125 -0.550 0.450 -1.719 1.406
PCC ( V) = 0.000 -0.667 0.333 0.000 0.000
PCC (VI) = 0.150 -0.900 0.100 -0.135 0.015
Surcharge weight = 0.000 0.250 1.250 0.000 0.000

Vrt. Comp EP 1.122 1.000 2.000 1.122 2.243

10.817 0.859 11.579

-ve sign indicates moment acting in direction of earth pressure moment

Hence x from B = 11.579 - 3.236 = 0.771 > 0.67 or
10.817 < 1.33 I.e. with in
middle third
Eccentricity 'e' = 1.00 - 0.771 = 0.229 m

Base pressure = 10.817 6 x 0.229 9.1190 OR

1 ± =
2.000 2.000 1.6977

Alternatively vertical load 'P' = 10.817 t/m

Net moment 'M' = 3.236 - 0.859 = 2.376 tm/m

Base pressure = 10.82 _ 2.376 x

+ 6.0
2.00 2.00 x 2.00

8.973 or 1.844 t/m2 < 18 t/m

2

Check for sliding

Factor of safety = ( 0.5 x 10.817 ) / 3.082 = 1.755 > 1.5 OK

Check for overturning moment

Factor of safety = 11.6 / 3.236 = 3.578 > 2.0 OK
x xx xx
CHECK FOR STRESS AT BED LEVEL (FACE FC)

Total earth pressure 'Pa' = [ (w h12) / 2 ] x kha1

Section 1 = 3.809
Surcharge = 0.000
Pa = 3.81

Moment FC = 3.809 x 0.924 + 0.000 x 1.10

Moment FC = 3.520 kNm

Calculations for weight of
Soil (I) = 0.5 x 2.0 x 2.200 x 1.100 = 2.420 t/m
PCC (II) = 0.5 x 2.5 x 2.200 x 1.100 = 3.025 t/m
PCC (IV) = 1 x 2.5 x 2.200 x 0.500 = 2.750 t/m
Surcharge weight = 0 x 2.0 x 0.000 x 1.100 = 0.000 t/m
Vertical component of earth pressure on tapered part = 4.023 t/m

Total weight = 12.218 t/m

Eccentricity With Moment Due to

Vertical Load Respect to Eccentricity with
CL of Base Toe CL of Base Toe
Soil ( I ) = 2.420 0.433 1.233 1.049 2.985
PCC ( II) = 3.025 0.067 0.867 0.202 2.622
PCC (IV) = 2.750 -0.550 0.250 -1.513 0.688
Surcharge weight = 0.000 0.250 1.050 0.000 0.000
V.comp. EP on tap part 4.023 0.162 0.962 0.652 3.870
12.218 0.390 10.164
Therefore,
Vertical Load, P = 12.218 t/m
Net Moment about center of Face FC = 3.520 - 0.390 = 3.130 t-m/m

Stress at F & C = P + 6M
A bd2
At F = 12.218 + 6 x 3.130
1.6 1.6 x 1.6

= 15.0 < 666.7 OK

At C = 0.3 > -53.0 Compressive, hence OK