PROJECT

WORK

Изготвил: Жана Наскова Колева Проверил: доц. д-р Йордан Костурков

Спец.: Английски език и методика
за неспециалисти – магистър,
I-ви курс
Фак. №: 1803598013

Cape Cornwall
 Cape Cornwall, in Cornish, Kilgoodh, is the only cape in the U.K., magnificently
crowned with its 19th century chimney, a reminder of former mining times. Cape Cornwall is a
small headland in West Cornwall, UK. It is four miles north of Land's End near the town of St
Just. A cape is the point of land where two bodies of water meet. Until the first Ordnance
Survey, 200 years ago, Cape Cornwall was believed to be the most westerly point in Cornwall.

Most of the headland is owned by the National Trust. National Coastwatch has a look-out

on the seaward side. The only tourist infrastructure at present is a car park (owned by the
National Trust) and a public toilet, and refreshments van during the summer.

The Brisons, two offshore rocks, are located approximately one mile southwest of Cape
Cornwall. They mark the starting line of the annual swimming race ending at Priest Cove.
Priest’s Cove is a small cove one mile (1.6 km) west of St Just, Cornwall, UK. The name is from
the Cornish Porth Ust, the port or cove of St Just, which was shortened to Por’ Ust. The cove lies
next to Cape Cornwall which was also linked to St Just, being called Kilgoodh Ust,
meaning goose-back of St Just, in the Cornish language.

One mile from the Cape is the westernmost school on the British mainland, Cape
Cornwall School. This is Cornwall's smallest secondary school with (as of January 2008) about
450 young people aged 11 to 16. Commonly known as "Cape", it is Cornwall's only school that
specialises in art, photography and music. Most of its pupils come from the town of St Just in
Penwith and the nearby villages of Pendeen, Sennen, St Buryan, and St Levan, but more than
10% travel to the school from Penzance and further east.

The name Cape Cornwall appeared first on a maritime chart around the year 1600. The
original Cornish name, Kilgodh Ust, has fallen out of use. In English it translates to "goose-back
at St Just", a reference to the shape of the cape. An alternative name, Pen Kernow, is a recent
translation back to Cornish of the English.

Pottery found in cists on the Cape have been dated to the Late Bronze Age. The presence
of another cliff castle nearby (Kenidjack) may indicate that the area was important in the Iron
Age. On the landward side of the Cape is the remains of the medieval St Helen’s Oratory, which
replaced a 6th-century church. A font now installed in the porch of St Just church may be from
this building.

Cape Cornwall Mine, a tin mine on the cape, was operated intermittently between 1838
and 1883. The mine's 1864 chimney near the peak of the cape was retained as an aid to
navigation. This is probably the most dramatic of the 18th-century Cornish tin and copper mines.
Closest to the sea is the pumping house with its engine shaft alongside it and above is the
winding house servicing a diagonal shaft that dropped 450ft and extended out to sea for half a
mile. On rough days, miners working the rich copper lode in their narrow tunnels would hear the
terrifying sound of boulders shifting on the seabed just above their heads as the sea pounded
them.In the early 20th century the former ore dressing floors were for a time converted for use as
greenhouses and wineries.

This mine, like most, boasts a legend. A tin stamping-mill once stood on the cliffs where
miners met after shifts to enjoy games of cards. One evening a stranger appeared and won every
hand and only when the miners glimpsed a cloven hoof below his cloak did they realise who he
was. This section of the cliffs is still known as Stamps an Jowle Zawn or chasm of the devils
stamps

In 1987 the mine site was purchased by the H. J. Heinz Company of the United States
(and British plants) and donated to the nation. The remains of Cape Cornwall Mine are
designated as part of the Cornwall and West Devon Mining Landscape, a UNESCO World
Heritage Site.

There is a National Coastwatch position on the cape and it is a well known wildlife
watching spot for dolphins and seabirds.

There are walks on and around the Cape including the viewpoint in front of the chimney
which offers seating to stay and admire the wonderful panorama stretching from the Land's End
to the Brisons, Carn Kenidjack and beyond. You may see Common seals from here as they sit on
the rocks below the Cape.  There is a swimming race between Priest's Cove and The Brisons. 
Geologically, this area is of slate formation, unusual as the majority of the Land's End peninsula
is of granite.

Cape Kaliakra
 Cape Kaliakra is located 12 kilometers to the east of Kavarna, in the direction of Shabla.
It can be reached via an asphalt road that goes by the recently built wind turbines.

Nature has carved a small headland here, about 2 kilometers in length – a piece of a land
cutting into the sea. The end has collapsed several times in the past, shortening it with more than
70 meters.

The cape`s sheer limestone cliffs make it inaccessible from the sea, which was a reason to
build a medieval fortress there. Recent archeological digs have revealed remnants of Thracian
and roman defensive fortifications. They have also uncovered remains of old residential
buildings, stone tombs, a Roman bath, a medieval church and a necropolis.

Kaliakra is one of the first protected sites in Bulgaria – it was declared a natural landmark
in 1941. Numerous niches and caves have formed in the eastern slope, which used to a habitat
for the monk seal, now extinct in these parts.

This is the longest cape on the Bulgarian seaside. At the very end, there is a small chapel
and a stone gate which reveals a wonderful view of the vast sea.

There is many legends for Cape Kaliakra. Probably the most popular legend about the
place is one about 40 Bulgarian girls, who preferred to tie their hair together and jump into
the Black Sea rather than face the prospect of being captured by the Ottomans.
An obelisk dedicated to this legend is placed at the entrance to the cape, called The Gate of the
40 Maidens.

Another legend tells the story of Saint Nicholas, the patron of seamen, who was running
away from the Ottomans when God made the earth under him longer and longer so he could
escape, and the cape was formed this way. The saint was eventually captured and a chapel was
built in 1993, symbolizing his grave. A dervish monastery is also said to have existed on the
same place during Ottoman rule, which is thought to have preserved the relics
of Muslim Bektashi saint Sarı Saltık.

A third legend is about Lysimachus, a successor of Alexander the Great, who seized the
royal treasure and escaped to Kaliakra, dying in a major storm along with his whole fleet

Kaliakra is the only place on the Bulgarian seaside where you can observe and
photograph a sunset over the Black Sea.