MUSIC
Impressionism – movement of painting that
started n France in the 1860’s
Visual impression of the moment in
terms of the shifting effect of color and
light.
Inspired by different factors that include
anti-establishmentism
Anti-establishmentism – painting of modern
life instead of academic subjects of mythology
and history
Rosa Bonheur, Gustave Courbet, and Jean-
Francois Millet – artists who started anti-
establishmentism
Edouard Manet – a Realist, controversially
added techniques in painting and this was
instrumental in birth of Impressionism
Claude Monet – made impressionism popular
by exhibiting the landscape Impressionism:
Sunrise in the Paris Salon in 1872
Impressionism in Music – adapted from Art
Impressionism
Style of music that makes use of sound
to let the listener feel the moods, that
focus on the structure of music
Characteristics of Impressionism:
 Its rhythm is irregular in terms of
phrases
 Avoids the traditional harmonic
progression
 Has unresolved dissonance
 Uses the whole-tone scale (9th chord)
Uses modality and exotic scales
Dissonance – lack of agreement and
consistency in the progress of harmony of
music
Modality – derived from the word “Modal” –
original modes
the traditional way of composing was
abandoned in impressionism music
Claude Debussy
 Achilles-Claude Debussy
 Born in France, August 22 1862
 Parents: Manuel-Achille Debussy and
Victorine Manoury
 The favorite among the siblings and was
sent to his first formal school at the
Paris Conservatoire at the age of 10
 1870-1871- Debussy’s first documented
musical experience
 entered The Paris Conservatoire in
1872
 Jean-Francois Marmontel – a highly
regarded piano professor of Debussy
(October 25, 1872)
 1874 - Won third place for solfeggio
and second certificate of merit on the
piano exam (Chopin’s F minor piano
concerto
 1875 – won second place for solfeggio
and a first certificate in playing Chopin’s
Second Ballade
 1876 – first place of solfeggio
 Prelude to the Afternoon of a Faun –
orchestral height
La Mer
Nocture
Images
 Pelleas et Melisande – his only famous
opera
 Died on March 25, 1918 due to rectal
cancer with his composition Engulfed
Cathedral and Claire De Lune
Maurice Ravel
 Joseph-Maurice Ravel
 Born at 10 pm on March 7, 1875 in the
town of Ciboure, France
 Parents: Marie Delourat and Joseph
Ravel
 Baptized in a Catholic ceremony in the
local parish church of Saint Vincent
 Spanish fold melodies – his mother
sung to him
 1882 – took piano lesson under Henry
Ghys
 June 2, 1889 – performed an ecerpt
from Moscheles’s Third Concerto, his
first public performance
 November 4, 1889 – his career in Paris
Conservatoire began (Chopin Cncerto)
enrolled to Eugene Antiome
 July 10, 1890 – awarded 2nd place,
making his initial year at the
Conservatoire
 July 1891 – his performance of
Schumann’s Sonata resulted to grand
prize
 died on December 28, at the age of 62
in Paris,
 famous works: Bolero, La valse, Ma
mere L’oie and Miroirs
Whole-tone scale – arrangement of pitches in
the scale which are separated by a whole step
in contradistinction to the chromatic scale,
which consists of half steps (semitones)
Expressionism – modernist movement that
started in Germany at the beginning of the 20 th
century and was initially an expression in
painting and poetry
signifies the artist’s character and inner
sight enforced reality of the objects
represented
Subjects in Expressionist paintings:
 distorted
 painted in intense colors and with strong
bold lines
Arnold Schoenberg
 great American composer born in
Austria on September 13, 1874
 died in Los Angeles, California, USA,
on July 13, 1951
 use of 12 different tones
 studied in Vienna’s Realschule (cello
and violin)
 The Three Piano Pieces – first original
compositions in 1894
 known for his radical sound of music
 abandoned tonality
 popular compositions: Pierrot Lunaire –
applied Sprechstimme (half-sang and
half spoken
 introduced the use of 12-semitone scale
basic forms:
 Original Forms (forward)
 Retrogade form (backward)
 Inversion
 Retrogade Inversion (played
backward)
Electronic Music – process of creating music
using computers in synthesizing or producing
digital audio signals
Edgar Victor Achille Charles Varese
 father of Electronic music
 proponent of the word “organized
sound” which means grouping of
rhythms and timbres to define music
itself
 songs: Tribal Dance, Any Music Max
Synthesized Sounds- sounds generated by
electronic signals of different frequencies
Canon – musical piece which consists of two
or more voices or instruments that are being
played or started at different intervals
Chance Music – Aleatory Music, derived from
the Latin word, Alea – dice
composition created by chance rather
than its logical order
the result of the experimentation by
chance
ARTS
Modern Art – artistic work produced during the
period extending roughly from 1860s to the
1970s, and denotes the style and philosophy of
the art produced during the era
a display of one’s technical skill and
realism
Impressionism – an art style that tried to
capture an impression of what the eye sees
 paint quickly
 time and motion are also conscious
elements in the works
 a picture with a lot of color and most of
their pictures are outdoor scenes
 very bright and vibrant
Claude Monet – founder of French
Impressionist painting
Sunrise, 1877 – oil in canvass
Pierre-Auguste Renoir – French artist who
was a leading painter in the development of the
Impressionist style. As a celebrator of beauty
and especially feminine sensuality
The Dance at Le Moulin de la Galtte,
1876 – oil in canvas. Musee d’Orsay,
Paris
Juan Novicio Luna – (October 23, 1857 –
December 7, 1899) a Filipino painter, sculptor
and a political activist of the Philippine
Revolution during the late 19th century. He
became on of the first recognized Philippine
artists
Mi Hijo Andres, 1889, Lopez Memorial
Museum Collection
Tampuhan, 1895, Rosalinda Orosa
Collection
Fernando Amorsolo y Cueto – (May 30, 1892
– April 24, 1972) – one of the most important
artists in the history of painting in the
Philippines. Amorsolo was a portraitist and
painter of rural Philippine landscapes. He is
popularly know for his craftsmanship and
mastery in the use of light
Planting Rice, 1951
Market Scene, 1949
Lavanderas, 1952, Private Collections
Expressionism – modernist movement,
initially in poetry and painting, originating in
Germany at the beginning of the 20th century.
Its typical trait is to present the world solely
from a subjective perspective, distorting it
radically for emotional effect in order to evoke
moods or ideas.
 Non-representational, not a
straightforward presentation, with the
use of symbols
 Distorted images, irregular shapes
 Portrayal of human terror, haunting
anxieties, nightmarish, fears, anguish
 Materialism, industrialization..
Edvard Munch – a Norwegian painter and
printmaker whose intensely avocative
treatment of psychological themes built upon
some of the main tenets of late 19th century
Symbolism and greatly influenced German
Expressionism
The Scream, 1892
Wassily Kandinsky – Russian Painter
Black Frame, 1922
Victorio Edades – a Filipino painter who was
the leader of the revolutionary Thirteen
Moderns who engaged their classical
compatriots in heated debate over the nature
and function of art
- National Artist in 1976
- Father of Philippine Modern Art
The Builders, 1928
Cubism – the most influential visual art styles
of the early 20th century
Pablo Picasso – Spanish painter, sculptor,
printmaker, ceramicist, stage designer, poet
and playwright who spent most of his adult life
in France
Portrait of Dora Maar, 1937
Weeping Woman, 1937
Bottle of Veux, Glass, Guitar, and
Newspaper, 1913
George Braque – a major 20th century French
painter
- He played in the development of
Cubism
House of I’Estaque, 1908
Dadaism – consisted of artists who rejected
the logic, reason, and aestheticism of modern
capitalist society, instead expressing
nonsense, irrationality, and antibourgeois
protest in their works
Marcel Duchamp – a French American
painter, sculptor
Fountain, 1917
Abstract Expressionism – a post-World War
II art movement in American painting,
developed in New York in the 1940s
- Also called the “New York School”
- The first internationally celebrated art
style
- The artist is not trying to recreate the
look of things out here in the ‘real world’
Paul Jackson Pollock – American painter
who was leading exponent of Abstract
Expressionism, an art movement vharacterized
by the free-associative gestures in paint
sometimes referred to as “action painting”
Blue Poles, No. 1
Drip Painting – a form of abstract art in which
paint in dripped or poured on to the canvas
Surrealism – began in the early 1920s,
painted unnerving, illogical scenes with
photographic precision, created strange
creatures from everyday objects and
developed painting techniques that allowed the
unconscious to express itself
 Aims to “resolve the previously
contradictory conditions of dream and
reality into an absolute reality, a super
reality”
 Works feature the element of surprise
 Sought to release the creative potential
of the unconscious mind
 Developed out of the Dada activities
during World War I
Salvador Dali – a skilled draftsman, best
known for the striking and bizarre images in his
surrealist work
- Included film, sculpture, and
photography, in collaboration with a
range of artists in a variety of media
The Persistence of Memory, 1931 –
completed in August 1931
Soft Construction with Boiled Beans:
Premonition of Civil War, 1936
Pop Art – emerged in mid-1950s in Britain and
late 1950s in US
- Presented a challenge to traditions of
fine art by including imagery from
popular and mass culture, such as
advertising, comic books and moundane
cultural objects
- Sometimes removed from its known
context, isolated, and/or combined with
unrelated material
Drowning Girl by Roy Lichstein
Op Art or optical Art – a style of visual art that
uses optical illusions
- Works are abstract with many better
known pieces created in black and
white.
- Give the viewer the impression of
movement, hidden images, flashing and
vibrating patterns, or of swelling or
warping
 PE
Physical Fitness – a state of health and well-
being and more specifically, the ability to
perform aspects of sports, occupations and
daily activities. Generally achieved through:
 Proper nutrition
 Moderate-vigorous
 Physical exercise
 Sufficient rest
Components of physical Fitness
Health-Related Factors
 Muscular Strength – the amount of
force a muscle can produce with a
single movement effort, measured
during muscular contraction
 Muscular Endurance – ability of a
muscle or group of muscles to
repeatedly exert force against
resistance, performing multiple
repetitions of an exercise
 Cardiovascular Endurance – ability of
the heart, lungs, and blood vessels to
deliver oxygen to your body tissues
 Flexibility – (timberness) the absolute
range of movement in a joint or series of
joints, and length in muscles that cross
the joints to induce a bending movement
or motion
 Body Composition – the percentages
of fat, bone, water and muscle in human
bodies
Skill-Related Factors
 Speed – ability to move guickly across
the ground or move limbs rapidly to grad
or throw
 Agility – (nimbleness) ability to change
the body’s position efficiently,a nd
requires the integration of isolated
movement skills
 Balance – ablity to maintain the line of
gravity of a body within the base of
support with minimal postural sway
 Coordination – ability to use different
parts of the body together smoothly and
efficiently
 Reaction Time – ability to respond
quickly to a stimulus
- the time taken between a stimulus and
movement
Body Mass Index – used to access if the
person is healthy or unhealthy
Rating Men Women
Underweight <20 <19
Healthy 21-25 20-24
Overweight 26-30 25-30
Obese >30 >30
Waist to Hips Index – measures the fat
percentage distributed in the torso
Rating Men Women
High risk >1.1 >.84
Moderate Risk .90-1 .80-.85
Low Risk <.89 <.79
Risk Factors related to lifestyle diseases
 Family history of premature heart
disease
 Cigarette smoking
 Alcohol use
 Physical inactivity
 Unhealthful diet
Lifestyle Diseases
1. High Blood Pressure (Hypertension)
Definition: may increase your risk of
heart disease, stroke, kidney disease,
and congestive heart failure
How to control: regular physical
exercise, losing excess weight,
changing eating habits, minimizing salt
in food intake
2. High Blood Cholesterol
Definition: can lead to plaque in arteries,
may cause the risk of heart attack
How to control: eating less saturated
and transfat
3. Diabetes
Definition: too much glucose in your
body
How to Control: reducing your calorie
intake and getting regular physical
exercise
Yoga – a Hindu spiritual and ascetic discipline,
a part of which, including breath control, simple
meditation, and the adoption of specific bodily
postures, is widely practiced for health
Vinyasa Yoga style – Sanskrit term often
employed in relation to certain styles of yoga,
- Transitional between 2 different
positions
Vi – in a special way
Nyasa – two piece
Vinyasa – reference a style of yoga
Tadasana – mountain pose
Urdhva Hastana – raised hand pose
Uttanasana – standing forward ben
Adho Mukha Svanasana – downward facing
dog
Walking – a big factor in achieving the optimal
state of well-being and physical fitness
 Aerobic activity that increases your
body’s need for oxygen
 Keeps you free from obesity, diabetes,
and any related heart diseases
  Keeps you young and stress-free
Begin fitness walking by:
1. Create your plan
2. Make your own walking log or journal
3. Motivate yourself
Pedometer – to measure the number of steps
you made and how far you have traveled on
foot and how many calories you have burned
throught the activy
Taking 10,000 steps per day is considered a
healthy fitness goal
Running – basic element of most sporting
activities, an important component of a sports
training program
 Flattering your stomach
 Tones your muscles
 Gives energy
 Extend your life
Talk test – simple way to determine your pace
Most common running injuries:
 Illiotbal Band Syndrome – a tendous
pain starts when your in a mile
 Shin Splints – a pain and tenderness
inside or outside the shin and severe
pain may be felt at the start of a run
 Achilles Tendinitis – pain along the
back of the tendon usually near the heel
Treadmill – walking or running equipment that
serves as an exercise machine for indoor
workouts, machine where you can control and
determine the desired speed of running
Strength Training – an exercise to develop
muscles and overall, to build physical strength
with the use of free weights, weight machines,
resistance bands, and even a person’s body
weight like push-ups, sit-ups and squats
1. Relative Strength – about developing
maximum strength, regulating the
body’s calorie intake to avoid
unnecessary weight gain
2. Absolute Strength – a strength that
pits a person in his or her strongest man
regardless of his or her body weight
 Buils muscles
 Burns fat
 Increases the level of bone density and
endurance
 Lowers the cholesterol and improves sleep
 Lessens the risk of chronic diseases like
arthritis, diabetes, osteoporosis, obesity,
back pain and depression.
 Weight Lifting – uses barbells,
dumbbells, that aims to develop strength
and build muscles
 Body-weight Exercises – utilizes the
weight of your own body
 Exercise Machines or Equipments –
used to develop different parts of the
body
Table Tennis or Ping-pong – sport that can
be played by 2/4 players by hitting the ball
using a table tennis racket in a table divided
by a net
Facilities and Equipments:
 Paddle
Blade – 85% wood
Covering Rubber – 3.5mm maximum
Smooth
Pips-out cover options
Pips-in
Service – let the ball bounce first on the half of
his or her table before touching the opponent’s
table, service alternates every 2 points
Forehand Drive
 Ready Position – racket should be in
front of your body, one foot slightly
forward, knees bended forward
 Backswing – move 1 foot into the side
position, rotate your hips and waist,
arms should rotate backward and
download at the elbow
Backhand Drive
 Ready Position – feet should be
pointing the direction of the ball, knees
bent slightly
 Backswing – the movement of the
racket should be coming from the waist
while the wrist should slant backward
and rotate behind your waist and hips
General Stretching
 Upper neck or trap stretch
 Anterior shoulder stretch
 Standing one-leg hold
 Quad stretch
 Forward/side bend stretch
HEALTH
Consumer Health – the facts and
understanding that enable people to make wise
choices
Health Consumer – someone who examines
health information in products and services
Consumer – one who purchases and utilizes
Health Information – everything that is seen,
read, or heard in relation to human and
community health
Health Products – medicines, medical
equipment and related devices
A. Over-the-Counter (OTC) Drugs –
varying from mouthwashes to pain
relievers
B. Cosmetic Products – intended for
external use
 Skin Care products
 Hair Care Products
 Oral Care Products
Health Services – to access, maintain, or
improve the individual’s health
Evaluation of Health Services
 Location of service points
  Effectiveness of doctors, clinics, and
hospitals
 Promptness and kindness
 Ease of access
 Price
 Diversity
Health Professionals – who are engaged in
providing solutions to health-related problems
Medical Specialists:
 Anesthesiologist – administration of
anesthesia like in surgery
 Cardiologist – coronary artery disease,
heart disease
 Dermatologist – skin condition
 Family practice physician – general
care physician
 Gynecologist – female reproductive
system
 Internist – treatment of diseases in
adults
 Obstetrician – pregnancy, labor,
childbirth
 Ophthalmologist – eye disease and
treatment
 Primary-care physician – general
health and medical care
 Surgeon – treats disease by surgery
Dental Specialists:
 Dentist – general care of teeth and oral
cavity
 Endodontist – diseases of tooth below
gum line and root canal therapy
 Orthodontist – teeth alignment,
malocclusion
 Pedodontist – dental care of children
 Periodontist – diseases supporting
structures
 Prosthodontist – construction of
artificial appliances for the mouth
Mental Health Practitioners
 Psychologist – general care of mental
and emotional wellness
 Psychiatrist – specialists in mental and
emotional problems
 The Child and Adolescent
Psychiatrist – specialist in children’s
mental andemotional problems
Other Health Professionals
 Nurses – general care of patients in the
hospital
 Midwives – child delivery assistance
Alternative medicines – herbal preparations,
food supplements, massage therapy and other
medicines
- Supplement but not replace the regular
medicines
Herbal Medicine – use of plants or parts of
plants
Cure for..
Akapulko – for insect bites, itchiness,
ringworms, infections, scabies, and eczema
Ampalaya – for diabetes, burns, coughs, and
hemorrhoids
Bawang – for reducing blood cholesterol level,
as an antibacterial and anti-inflammatory drug
Bayabas – used as anti-oxidant, anti-allergy,
anti-microbial, and anti-diabetic drug
Lagundi – for cough, colds and fever
Niyog-niyogan – to eliminate intestinal
parasites
Sambong – for hypertension, kidney stones,
rheumatism, cough, and colds
Tsaang Gubat – for skin allergies
Ulasimang Bato or Pansit-pansitan – for
arthritis and gout
Yerba Buena – for insect bites, cough, colds
Ventosa – glasses are placed on some
important points at the back of a person
Reflexology – done by applying pressure
Reflex Points – areas where pressure is
applied
Naturopathy – ‘nature’, natural ways to treat a
patient, to restore balance
Massage Therapy (tissue) – improve one’s
well-being, result in good circulation of the
blood, reducing muscle pains and stiffness,
relaxing effect
Quackery – promotion of false and unproven
health products and services for a profit
 A scientific breakthrough
 To have a secret ingredient or
procedure
 Being a miraculous cure or an ancient
remedy or practice
 Cures multiple or a wide range of
illnesses
Quack – a person or company that uses health
fraud and which usually tries hard to appear
scientific
Health Fraud – advertising, promotion, and
sale of products and services that have not
been scientifically proven safe and effective
Consumer Rights – privileges that a
consumer is guaranteed
Basic rights of a consumer:
1. Right to be safe
2. Right to choose freely
3. Right to be informed
4. Right to be heard
5. Right to service
6. Right to education