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Process Selection and Facility Layout: Teaching Notes
Process Selection and Facility Layout: Teaching Notes
Process Selection and Facility Layout: Teaching Notes
Teaching Notes
After design of product, a process type should be selected for it, mainly depending on the volume and
design. Facility Layout involves physical placement of departments and/or arrangement of equipment
within a plant or a service facility. A good layout will possibly lead to smooth flow of material, reduction
of inventories, effective utilization of space.
[2, 2.3] g
0.8
e
3.
[4, 23] [3, 20] [3, 18]
3 2 4
a b c
Desired output = 4
Operating time = 56 minutes
b. Assign
Station Time left Eligible Will fit (time) Idle
1 14 A, d, f A, d, f F (5)
9 A, d, g A, d, g D (7)
2 a, g 2
2 14 A, g A, g G (6)
8 A, e A, e A (3)
5 E, b E, b B (2)
3 E, c -- -- 3
3 14 E, c E, c E (4)
10 C C C (4)
6 H -- 6
4 14 H H 4 (9)
5 I I I (5) 0
11
idle time 45
c. Efficiency = 80.36%
CT x no. of stations 56
Total idle time 11
1- 1 80.4%
CT x no. of stations 56
c
4. a.1.
a b d
h
e f g
Positional weights in e f g h i j
parentheses. (2.2) (2.1) (1.9) (1.5) (1.4) (1.2)
(0.5) k 0.3
(0.2) l 0.2
50 26 11
D E F
b. CT OT 7(60)
= = .84 minutes = 50.4 seconds
= D 500
c. N t 193
= = 3.83 or 4 stations
= CT 50.4
CT = 50 seconds
Assign Task
Station Time Left Eligible Will Fit (time) Idle
1 50 A, D A, D A (45)
5 D, B -- 5
2 50 D, B D, B D( 50) 0
3 50 B, E B, E B (11)
39 E, C E, C E (26)
13 C, F C, F C (9)
4 F, G, H -- 4
4 50 F, G, H F, G, H G (12)
38 F, H F, H F (11)
27 H H H (10)
17 I I I (9)
8 J -- 8
5 50 J J J (10)
40 40
57
57
e. I 22.8%
(50)(5)
.7 1.0 .5
d f i
200
b. CT = = 2.0 minutes
400
c. Positional Number of
Tasks Weight Followers
a 8.5 11
b 4.6 6
c 4.4 6
d 4.2 5
e 3.2 5
f 3.5 4
g 1.9 3
h 1.5 2
i 2.5 3
j 2.0 2
k 1.2 1
m .3 0
c. 1.5
Balance delay: = 15%
5(2)
12.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
# of A neighbours 2 3 3 3 1 1 4 3
5 5
1 2 1 2 3
1 3 2 1 3 2
7 7
7 7
8 4 8 4
8 4 6 8 4
x: 5
3 2 4 8
1 6 3 7
5 1 7 6
2 8
13.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
# of A neighbours III III II II III II IIII I II III
3 3 3
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)
1 1 1 1 1 4
9 2 8 2 8 2 6 8 2 6 6
8 2
7 7 7 7 3 7
4 9 4 9 5 4 5 9 5
5 5 4 9
3 1 8 3 8 9
5 6
9 7 4
5 2 6
14. One approach is to first combine the from-to number of trips into a single ‘between’ table. That is,
add the trips from I to j to the number of trips from j to i.
1 2 3 4
1 10 20 80
2 40 90
3 55
4 0
The next high number of trips are for department 1,4. Given that 2 and 5 can only
occupy either the pair of locations A,B or B,C, it follows that department 1 should 1 4 2
occupy either A or C. Therefore, department 3 should be assigned to D. The 4 th
highest number of trips is between 2 and 3. The next closest locations are C and D. 3
Therefore, 2 should be located in C:
Assign by rank:
5? 5?
1 5? 1 5? 1 5? 1 5? 1 5? 1 1 1 5
6? 6?
2? 5? 2? 5? 5?
5? 3 5? 3 5? 3 3 5? 4 3 4 3 4 3 6 4 3
4? 4? 6? 6?
2? 2?
8 8 2 8 2 7 8 2 7 8 2
4? 4?
2?
3? 5? 6? 6?
2?
3? 5?
2? 6?
4? 6?
5? 6?
2? 2?
3? 3?
2? 6? 6? 4? 1?
1?
5? 6? 2? 4?
1? 4?
4? 1?
The next highest number of trips is between 4 and 6. This narrows the choices to:
5? 1?
3? 3? 4? 2?
2? 6?
5?
6?
1? 4?
The next highest number of trips is 1 and 5. This fixes all departments:
3 2
5 6
1 4
17. Because the opposite trip needs to go around the hall, complementing it, and because the distance
of going around the hall is the same, it follows that a reasonable approach ill use the absolute
value of difference between loads in the opposite direction.
3 2 6 6 50 10 11 34
4 35 14 6 18 21 9
5 20 4 5 17 5
6 13 44 49 15
7 12 27 40
8 41 15
9 17
10
8 5? 4?
6? 9? 4? 5?
9 2
8 5
6 4
19. a.
Customer
arrives
All
Use a “float” Possible
Wait Servers
as a teller Failure
Busy
Loss of Specifies
Goodwill need
Teller
Teller asks co-
knows how to Possible
workers / manager
satisfy Failure
need?
Resulting delays
loss of Goodwill
Customer receives
receipt, etc. & leaves
1.1 1.2 2.1 2.2.1 Teller 2.2.2 Teller follows 3.1 3.2
identifies type of procedure for the
transaction needed identified transaction
20.
Car
Service advisor obtains customer Customer signs
Car brought in in personal info and customer need. If work order
the morning of there is a problem to be diagnosed, this authorization
appointment day info is also written on work order and leaves
Work Order
2. Process type for service department is job shop: many types of customized service by various
technicians.
3. Dispatcher performs the job scheduling function (see Chapter 17). It is important because its
efficiency directly affects technician utilization and customer service.
Assuming that a full ship arrives when the shed is half full and just before the St. Lawrence
Seaway freeze, there may be enough raw sugar for 2 months, which is not enough.
Packaging Screens
Store (sizing)
Distribute Overfill
silos
Reading: Tour De Force
Answer to questions
1. The Viper/Prowler assembly plant is much smaller than typical automobile assembly plants. The
plant covers 392,000 square feet of space as opposed to other typical auto assembly plants that
cover from 2 million square feet to 5 million square feet of space.
The production capacity of the Viper plant is much less than a typical automobile assembly line.
The Viper plant's daily production capacity is 13 Vipers and 20 Prowlers compared to large
automobile assembly plants that can manufacture 1000 vehicles per day.
While most large automobile plants require 2000 or more workers, the Viper plant employs only
260 employees.
The Viper plant employs skilled "craftsman" workers. Typical auto assembly plants use workers
to do repetitive work with little skill required.
There are no robots or automation in the Viper plant while most auto assembly plants have high
levels of automation.