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1.

SeadgineT wrewiris gantoleba, romelic M (2,5) wertilze gadis da


romlis centria O(1,−2) wertili
amoxsna:
centriT O(a ; b)wertili da radiusiT R wrewiris
gantoleba Caiwereba saxiT:
( x−a)2 +( y−b)2=R 2.
am SemTxvevaSi:
R=OA=√ (2−1)2 +(5+2)2 =5 √ 2 .
amgvarad, gveqneba:
( x−1)2+( y +2)2=50.

2 2
2. wrewiris gantolebebi CawereT kanonikuri saxiT: (1) x + y −2 x−4 y =0
amoxsna:
gamovyoT sruli kvadratebi
x 2−2 x+1+ y 2 −4 y + 4−5=0
( x−1)2+( y−2)2=5 .

!!!! 3. SeadgineT A(0, 1) , B(3, 0) , C(−1, 0) wertilebze gavlebuli wrewiris


gantoleba.
amoxsna:
vTqvaT, saZiebeli wrewiris gantolebaa
( x−a)2 +( y−b)2=R 2,
maSin

(0−a)2 +(1−b)2=R2

{(3−a)2+(0−b)2=R2 .
(−1−a)2+(0−b)2=R2

gamartivebis Semdeg miviRebT sistemas:


a2 +(1−b)2=(3−a)2 +b 2
{ (3−a)2 +b2 =(a+ 1)2 +b2
,

saidanac a=1 ; b=−1. e.i R2=(0−1)2 +(1−(−1))2=5.


amgvarad, saZiebeli wrewiris gantolebaa:
( x−1)2+( y +1)2=5.

2 2
5. SeadgineT ( x−2) +( y +1) =25 wrewirisadmi gavlebuli mxebis

1
gantoleba, Tu is gadis wertilze: (1)  A(0, 4) ; (3) C(5, 3)
amoxsna:
( x−a)2 +( y−b)2=R 2.
wrewirisadmi mis K ( x ' ; y ' ) wertilSi gavlebuli mxebis gantoleba Caiwereba saxiT:
( x−a)(x ' −a)+( y−b)( y ' −b)=R2.

!!! (1)  A(0, 4) wertili wrewirs ar ekuTvnis, amitom mxebis zemoT mocemuli formuliT ver visargeblebT.
I-xerxi:
radgan saZiebeli wrfe A(0, 4) wertilze gadis,
amitom misi gantoleba SeiZleba CavweroT
saxiT:
y−4=k ( x −0) anu y=kx+ 4.
radgan is wrewiris mxebia, amitom
y=kx +4
{ (x−2)2 +( y +1)2=25
gantolebaTa sistemas unda hqondes erTaderTi amonaxsni. es
ki niSnavs, rom
( x−2)2+(kx + 4+1)2=25 anu (1+k ¿ ¿2) x2 + ( 10 k −4 ) x + 4=0 ¿
kvadratul gantolebas unda hqondes erTaderTi amonaxsni – e.i misi diskriminanti unda iyos nulis toli:
D 20
=( 5 k−2 )2−4 (1+ k ¿¿ 2)=0 ¿ , saidanac k =0 an k = .
4 21
amgvarad, mxebebis gantolebebia: y=4 da 20 x−21 y+ 84=0.
II-xerxi:
vTqvaT, wrewirTan Sexebis wertilia K ( x ' ; y ' ), maSin mxebis gantolebas eqneba saxe:
( x−2)(x ' −2)+( y +1)( y ' +1)=25.

radgan mxebi A (0, 4) wertilze gadis, amitom:


(0−2)( x' −2)+( 4+ 1)( y ' +1)=25 anu 2 x' −5 y ' =−16.
radgan K ( x ' ; y ' ) wertili wrewirsac ekuTvnis, amitom miviRebT Semdeg gantolebaTa sistemas:

2 x' −5 y ' =−16


{
(x '−2)2 +( y ' +1)2=25
,

−42 76
romlis amonaxsnebia: (2 ; 4) da ( ; ).
29 29
Sesabamisad, mxebebis gantolebebs eqneba saxe:
y=4 da 20 x−21 y+ 84=0.

2
(3) C(5, 3) wertili wrewirs ekuTvnis, amitom SegviZlia visargebloT mxebis zemoT
mocemuli formuliT:
( x−2)(5−2)+( y+ 1)(3+1)=25 anu 3 x+ 4 y −27=0.

!!! 7. SeadgineT wrewiris gantoleba, romlis erT-erTi diametris


boloebia A(1, 4) da B(3, 2)
amoxsna:
wrewiris O(x ; y) centri AB monakveTis Sua
wertili iqneba, xolo radiusi – am monakveTis
sigrZis naxevaris tolia:
2 2
1+3 4+2
x= =2; y= =3, xolo R= AB = √(3−1) +(2−4) =√ 2
2 2 2 2
saZiebeli gantolebaa:
( x−2)2+( y −3)2 =2.

10. daadgineT Semdegi pirobebiT gansazRvrul wertilTa geometriuli


2 2
adgili: (2) 1≤(x −1) +( y+2) ≤9
amoxsna: saZiebeli geometriuli adgili iqneba

( x−1)2+( y +2)2=1

da

( x−1)2+( y +2)2=9

koncentruli wrewirebiT SemosazRvruli, Caketili wriuli


rgoli.

11. SeadgineT wrewiris gantoleba, Tu is A(1, 2) wertilze gadis da


exeba wrfeebs: (1) x− y+3=0 da x− y−1=0
amoxsna:

3
mxebi wrfeebi paraleuria, amitom wrewiris R radiusi mocemul wrfeebs Soris manZilis naxevris toli iqneba.
aviRoT pirvel wrfeze M (2 ; 5) wertili da vipovoT am wertilidan meore wrfemde manZili. gveqneba:
d 1 |2−5−1|
R= = ∙ =√2.
2 2 √1+1
wrewiris O(a ; b) centridan A wertilamde da mxeb wrfeebamde manZilebi erTmaneTis tolia da wrewiris
radiuss udris, amitom SegviZlia SevadginoT memdegi gantolebaTa sistema:
|a−b−1|

{ √ 1+ 1
= √2 .

(a−1)2+(b−2)2 =2
anu { ¿ a−b−1∨¿ 2 .
(a−1)2+(b−2)2 =2
.

miviRebT: a=2; b=3 an a=0; b=1.


amgvarad, saZiebeli wrewirebis gantolebebi iqneba:
( x−2)2+( y −3)2 =2 da x 2+( y−1)2=2.

16. SeadgineT wrewiris gantoleba, Tu is 2 x + y −5=0 da 2 x + y +15=0 paralelur

wrfeebs exeba, amasTan erT-erTs A (2,1) wertilSi


amoxsna:
A wertili pirvel wrfes ekuTvnis, amitom wrewiris R radiusi am

wertilidan meore wrfemde manZilis naxevris toli iqneba. gveqneba:

1 |2∙ 2+1+15|
R= ∙ =2 √ 5.
2 √ 4+1

mxebebis marTobuli wrfis gantolebas eqneba saxe:


.
x−2 y +C=0

radgan AB wrfe mxebebis marTobulia da A wertilze gadis, amitom


2−2∙ 1+ C=0,
saidanac C=0.
amgvarad, AB wrfis gantolebaa: x−2 y=0.
vipovoT AB wrfisa da meore mxebis gadakveTis B(x ; y ) wertili, risTvisac amovxsnaT wrfiv gantolebaTa
sistema:

{2 xx−2 y=0
+ y +15=0
.

miviRebT, B(−6 ;−3).


wrewiris O(a ; b) centri AB monakveTis Suawertilia, amitom:
2+(−6) 1+(−3)
a= =−2; y= =−1.
2 2
e.i. wrewiris gantolebaa:

4
( x +2)2 +( y +1)2=20.

21. SeadgineT wrewirTa gantolebebi, romelTa centrebic 4 x−5 y−3=0 wrfeze

mdebareoben da exeba 2x −3 y−10=0 da 3 x−2 y+5=0 wrfeebs


amoxsna:
wrewiris O(a ; b) centri 4 x−5 y−3=0 wrfeze mdebareobs da

misgan mxebebamde manZilebi erTmaneTis (wrewiris


radiusis sigrZis) tolia, amitom SegviZlia SevadginoT
gantolebaTa sistema:
4 a−5 b−3=0

{|2a−3 b−10| |3 a−2b+ 5|


√ 4 +9
=
√ 4 +9
anu

{|2 a−34b−10
a−5 b−3=0
|=|3 a−2 b+5|,
saidanac a=−8; b=−7 an a=2; b=1.
pirvel SemTxvevaSi wrewiris radiusi tolia:
|2 ∙(−8)−3∙(−7)−10| 5
R= = ,
√ 4+ 9 √ 13
xolo meore SemTxvevaSi:
|2 ∙ 2−3 ∙1−10| 9
R= = .
√ 4 +9 √ 13
amgvarad, saZiebeli wrewirebis gantolebebi iqneba:
25 81
( x +8)2+( y +7)2= 2 2
da ( x−2) +( y −1) = .
13 13

23. daadgineT, Tu rogori mdebareoba aqvs A(1,−2) wertils wrewiris mimarT: (1)
2 2
x + y =1
amoxsna:
M (u ; v ) wertili ( x−a)2 +( y−b)2=R 2 wrewirze:
mdebareobs, Tu: (u−a)2+(v−b)2=R2 ;
wrewiriT SemosazRvrul wres (Ria) ekuTvnis Tu:
(u−a)2+(v−b)2 < R2;
wrewiriT SemosazRvrul wres (Ria) ar ekuTvnis Tu:
(u−a)2+(v−b)2 ≥ R2.
amgvarad, radgan
5
12 +(−2)2=5>1 ,
amitom A(1 ;−2) wertili x 2+ y 2=1 wrewiriT SemosazRvrul Caketil wres ar ekuTvnis (wris ”gareT”
mdebareobs).

24. SeadgineT wrewirebis centrebis SemaerTebeli wrfis gantoleba


2 2 2 2
(1) ( x−3) + y =9 da ( x+2 ) +( y−1) =1
amoxsna:
wrewirebis centrebis koordinatebia:
da .
A(3 ; 0) B(−2 ; 1)

amitom AB wrfis gantoleba SeiZleba CavweroT saxiT (or wertilze


gavlebuli wrfis gantoleba):
x−3 y−0 anu .
= x +5 y−3=0
−2−3 1−0

2 2
26. ipoveT umoklesi manZili: (1) A(6,−8) wertilidan x + y =9 wrewiramde
amoxsna:
SevniSnoT, rom saZiebeli manZilia AB monakveTis sigrZe.
SegviZlia SevadginoT OA wrfis gantoleba, vipovoT am wrfisa da
wrewiris gadakveTis B wertili (amovxsnaT wrewirisa da wrfis
gantolebebisagan Sedgenili sistema) da gamovTvaloT AB
monakveTis sigrZe.
Tumca, Tu gaviTvaliswinebT, rom wrewiris radiusia R=3,
maSin:
2 2
AB=OA −OB=OA−R=√ ( 6−0 ) + (−8−0 ) −3=10−3−7.

28. gamoarkvieT, mocemuli wrfe wrewirs kveTs, exeba Tu ar ikveTeba masTan: (1)

y=2 x−3 da x 2 + y 2 −3 x+2 y−3=0


amoxsna:
Ax+ By+C=0 wrfisa da ( x−a)2 +( y−b)2=R 2 wrewiris saerTo wertilebis dasadgenad unda ganvixiloT maTi
gantolebebisagan Sedgenili sistema:
Ax +By +C=0
{(x−a)2 +( y−b)2=R 2
.

Casmis Sedegad miviRebT kvadratul gantolebas. kvadratuli gantolebis D

6
diskriminantis moxedviT:
sistemas aqvs ori amonaxsni (D>0) - wrfe da wrewiri or wertilSi ikveTeba;
sistemas aqvs erTaderTi amonaxsni (D=0) – wrfe exeba wrewirs;
sistemas ar aqvs amonaxsni (D<0) – wrfe da wrewiri ar ikveTebian.
Cvens SemTxvevaSi gvaqvs:

{x + y −3y=2x +2x−3y−3=0 . e.i. {x −3 x + 4y=2


2 2 2
x−3
2
x −8 x+ 4−4=0

{5 xy=2−11x−3x=0
2

miRebul kvadratul gantolebas ori gansxvavebuli fesvi aqvs. e.i. wrfe


wrewirTad or wertilSi ikveTeba.

2 2
30. SeadgineT ( x−3) +( y−7) =169 wrewiris im qordis gantoleba, romelic A (8,5; 3,5)
wertiliT Suaze iyofa
amoxsna:
radgan A(8,5; 3,5) wertili MN qordis Suawertilia, amitom AO wrfe MN wrfis marTobulia. SevadginoT AO
wrfis gantoleba:
x−3 y −7 anu .
= 7 x +11 y−98=0
8,5−3 3,5−7

mocemuli wrfis marTobuli wrfis gantoleba

11 x−7 y +C=0

saxiT Caiwereba. radgan MN wrfe A wertilze gadis,


amitom:
11∙ 8,5−7 ∙ 3,5+C=0,
saidanac C=−69.
amgvarad, qordia gantoleba SeiZleba CavweroT saxiT:
11 x−7 y−69=0.

2 2 2 2
!!! 34. ipoveT x + y −10 x −10 y=0 da x + y +6 x +2 y−40=0 wrewirebis serTo
qordis sigrZe
amoxsna:
vipovoT wrewirebis gadakveTis wertilebi (Tu ki isini arsebobs),
risTvisac amovxsnaT wrewirebis gantolebebisagan Sedgenili sistema:

7
x 2 + y 2−10 x−10 y=0 x2 + y 2−10 x−10 y =0 → x2 + y 2−10 x−10 y =0 .
{ x2 + y 2 +6 x +2 y−40=0
→ { 4 x+3 y −10=0 {
4 x+3 y −10=0

sistemis amonaxsnebia: x=4 ; y=−10 da x=−2 ; y=6.


amgvarad, wrewirebis gadakveTis wertilebia M (4 ;−10) da N (−2 ; 6). e.i. qordis sigrZe tolia:
2
MN = ( 4−(−2) ) + (−10−6 )2 =2 √73.

davaleba:
2 (2) - 4 - 5 (2) - 8 - 9 -11 (2) - 12 - 17 - 20 - 23 (2) - 24 (3) - 26 (3) - 28 (2) - 31 - 33

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