Lab 3

THEVENIN AND NORTON EQUIVALENT. PRINCIPLE OF SUPERPOSITION.

 
 
 
OBJECTIVES.
 
Understand the Thevenin and Norton equivalent in an electrical circuit.
 
Analyze and understand the application of the principle of superposition.
 

EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS

 
·      DC sources (2)
·      Resistance of 100 Ω (1), 180 Ω (1), (3) 220-Ω and 560 Ω (1). You need to bring them.
·      Multimeters (2)
·      Wires
·      Breadboard
 

PRE-REPORT
 
1. Describe what is a Thevenin and Norton equivalent circuit and its use?
2. Describe the principle of superposition and its use?
3. Taking the R1 resistance of the circuit of Figure 1 as the element to be analyzed, by
using calculations and simulations obtain the voltage, current, and power in this resistance.
4. Perform the calculations and simulations to obtain the Thevenin voltage.
5. Perform calculations and simulations for the Norton current.
6. Get the Thevenin and/or Norton resistance from the equivalent resistance.
7. By means of calculations and simulations, get the voltage, current, and power in the
analyzed resistance using the Thevenin equivalent circuit.
8. By means of calculations and simulations, get the voltage, current, and power in the
analyzed resistance using the Norton equivalent circuit.
9. By means of calculations and simulations, get the voltage, current, and power in the
analyzed resistance, applying the principle of superposition.

PROCEDURE
1. Thevenin and Norton equivalent
Implement the circuit shown in the figure

Figure 1.
      Measure the Thevenin voltage between terminals A and B.
      Measure the Norton current through terminals A and B.
      With the help of the ohmmeter, measure Thevenin or Norton resistance between A and
B.
Write down the results in Table 1.

Table 1.
Thevenin or Norton
Parameter Thevenin voltage Norton current
resistance
Calculated value 6.75V 37.5mA 220 Ω
Simulated Value 6.75V 37.5mA 220 Ω
Measured value 6.75V 37.5mA 220 Ω

What can be concluded from the results?

Concluimos que para las dos formas de opera el circuito con los teoremas de thevenin y
Norton hallamos el mismo resultado. Obteniendo las equivalencias en sus resistencias,
tensión y corriente.

A opinión propia prefiero por el teorema de thevenin.

 2. Principle of superposition

Perform the necessary procedure to test the superposition theorem for the same resistance
R1 in the circuit shown in Figure 1.

PRACTICA VALOR MEDIDO

SIMULACIONES.
 I ab 1, V ab 1 I ab 2, V ab 2
I ab, V ab
Parameter
(Due to voltage (Due to voltage
source V1) source V2)
Calculated value 30mA/6.75V 7.5 mA /1.4V
Simulated Value 30mA/5.4V 7.5mA/1.4V
Measured value 30mA/5.40V 7.47 mA /1.34V

 
3. Always remember
      Check the continuity and good condition of measuring items.
      Based on your simulations, verify that the used components support the conditions of
the practice.
      Keep safety standards in mind.
      Keep in mind the magnitude of voltages and currents to be handled, in order to choose
the appropriate measuring ranges.
      Analyze the experiment and give conclusions.