FCE

Passive report A

he is
thought/considered/believed/said/assumed/reckoned/supposed/suspected
(not) to (have)
He seems (not) to (have)

Passive report B

It is thought/believed/considered/etc that......
It seems that............

1) People assume that the government was lying

The government is assumed to have been lying OK
2) Apparently Bob and Susan have divorced
It seems that Bob and Susan have divorced OK
3) the police say that Jack is lying
Jack is said to be lying OK
4) People expect the celebrities will arrive on time
The celebrities are expected to arrive on time OK

Have something done (respeten el tiempo de la oracion)

1) A photographer is going to take my wedding photos

I am going to have my wedding photos taken OK
2) Somebody cleaned my bedroom
I had my bedroom cleaned OK
3) Someone should repair your bike
You should have your bike repaired OK
Threaten (siempre con to y generalmente la segunda oracion con didn’t)

1)’give me the money or I will kill you’ he told me

He threatened to kill me if I didn’t give him the money OK
2) ‘Do the homework or I will call your mother’ the teacher told me
The teacher threatened me to call my mother if I didn’t do the homework
OK

Remind (tambien con to)

1) ‘Don’t forget to clean the carpet’ she told me
She reminded me not to forget to clean de carpet
2)’Don’t forget to call your lawyer’ Sam told me
Sam reminded me not to forget to call my lawyer

be likely to/ be bound to/ be certain to (lo mismo/muy comun que aparezca)
1) The price of petrol will most certainly rise
The price of petrol is likely to rise OK
2) I don’t think Mary will understand the situation
Mary isn’t likely not to understand the situation OK
3) I think there may be a problem
There is bound to be a problem OK
Modals of deduction
Sure: must(have) can’t(have)
probable: may/might/could (have) may not/might not/could not(have)

1) I am sure that Peter didn’t pass the exam

have
Peter can’t have passed the exam OK
2) I guess he doesn’t know how to cook
might
He might not know how to cook OK
3) I am certain that They heard the news
must
They must have heard the news OK
 Even though/in spite of/ despite/despite the fact

1) In spite of having a lot of money he was very mean

even
Even though he has a lot of money he was very mean OK
2) In spite of not working he managed to buy a house
fact
Despite the fact he didn’t work he managed to buy a house OK
3) Even though he is very tall he can’t reach the shelf
spite
In spite of being very tall he can’t reach the shelf OK

Be worth/ there is no point in/can’t see the point in

1) don’t try to persuade Tom to go to the party

worth
It isn’t worth persuading tom to go to the party OK
2) Why do you try to shout?
see
I can’t see the point in (of?) shouting
3) It isn’t worth going to the cinema alone
point
There is no point in going to the cinema alone OK

Regret (en estos examines siempre significa arrepentirse y va con ing)

1) I wish I had gone to the party

I regret not having gone to the party OK
2) I am sorry I shouted at you
I regret having shouted at you OK
It takes me/It took me ( es muy comun que se requiera este tipo de frases)
1. In the morning I walk 20 minutes to go to school
takes
In the morning it takes me 20 minutes to walk go to school
2. I spent 5 years studying laws at university
took
It took me 5 years to finish my law career OK
Allow/be allowed to ( muy comun y muy comun que aparezca en voz
pasiva)

1) In my school teachers don’t allow us to eat

not
In my school we aren’t allowed to eat OK
2) I am sorry sir but you can’t smoke here
allowed
sir, you are not allowed to smoke here OK

He visto muchas veces el,.....will be followed by........

1) After the party there will be a small dinner
followed
The party will be followed by a small dinner OK
2) Once the president has spoken there’ll be a toast
by
The presiden’t’s speech will be followed by a toast OK

Obviamente van a haber estructuras complementarias (complain

about/insist on/etc)

1)’ I didn’t choose well’ he said

complained
He complained about not having chosen well OK
2) He managed to recognize me
 in
He succeded in recognising me OK
3) The firemen could (not?) arrive the place because of the flood
prevented
the flood prevented the firemen from arriving… OK
Prevent from (se lo encuentra muchas veces en active pero también en
pasivo)
1) I couldn’t study because of the noise
prevented
The noise prevented me from studying OK
2) The police couldn’t arrest the man for the snow
prevented
the police was prevented from arresting the man by the snow OK

Used to (aparece muy a menudo y en general parafraseando un would)

1) When I was Young I would play tennis everyday

used
When I was young I used to play tennis everyday OK

Pero tambien esta el be used to/get used to (ambos con sustantivo o ing)

1) The first 2 years I didn’t feel comfortable living in New York

used
It took me 2 years get used to feeling comfortable… OK
2) I don’t mind getting up early
used
I am used to getting up early OK
Mind (palabra que aparece muy a menudo y sirve para preguntar si a
alguien le molestaria algo)
1) Could you please look after my dog
mind
would you mind to look after my dog.? OK
2) Please close the door
closing
Would you mind closing the door please? OK

As far as something is concerned (en lo que respecta a algo)

1) When it comes to computer games tom is a genius

Concerned
as far as computers games are concerned, tom is a genius OK
2) In my opinion bob is a jerk
far
As far I’m concerned, bob is a jerk OK
3) Regarding english, Billy speaks very well
concerned
as far as english is concerned, Billy speaks very well OK

As soon/well/far/many/much/long as
1) I will make the decisions while I am the boss
long
I will make the decisions as long as I am the boss OK
2) There were fewer people than expected at the party
many
There weren’t as many people as expected..
3) On hearing the alarm, go to the stairs
soon
As soon hearing the alarm, go to the stars OK
 As......as
1) Billy speaks better than his parents
as
Billy’s parents as not speaks as he does
2) The movie was worse than I had expected
good OK
The movies wasn’t as good as I had expected OK

I will never forget/ I will always remember

1) I will never forget going to Canada
always
I will always remember going to Canada OK

Intend to /intention of
1) I never wanted to study medicine
Intention
I had not intention to study medicine OK
3) Have you ever tried to learn English?
Intended
Have you ever intend to learn English? OK

be proud of/ take pride in ( no aparece muy comunmente pero aparece)

estar orgullose de/ sentir orgullo por

generalmente se paraphrasean entre si

1) I am really proud of my little brother

pride
I really take pride in my little brother OK
Have difficulty in/Find it difficult to
pueden aparecer en cualquier tiempo verbal

1) I found it difficult to study German

difficulty
I had difficulty in studying German OK
2) It is very difficult for me to get up early
find
I find it very difficult to get up early OK
Es probable que vengan acompañadas de adverbios que pueden confundir
I find it VERY difficult to study
I have GREAT difficulty in studying

Hardly
Es una palabra que se ve utilizada como casi( de maner negativa)
casi nunca (hardly ever)
Casi nadie (hardly anyone)
casi nada (hardly anything)
casi nada de...(hardly any...)
1) Very few people went to the meeting
Hardly
Hardly anyone went to the meeting OK
2) I have very little sugar
any
There is hardly any sugar OK
3) In this part of the country it rarely rains
hardly
It hardly even rains in this part of the country OK

Sugerencias (quiero que sean robot. Tienen que pensar en sugerencias y se

les tienen que venir a la cabeza inmediatamente: should/had better/ought
to/If I were you, I would......)
 1) I should leave If I want to catch the train
better
I had better leave If I want to catch the train

2) ´Why don’t you read a book?’

were
If a were you I would read a book

Benefit from (aparece mas de lo que creen)

1) going on holiday would do you good
benefit
you would................................................
2)The doctor says I should stop smoking
from
The doctor says I would..................................

Approve of (de las menos trabajadas pero a parecen muchísimo)

1) My mother doesn’t drink alcohol

Approve
My mother approve of not drinking alcohol

Conditionals (al derecho/al reves/mixtos)

1) He didn’t book so now I have to wait
had
If he had booked, I would not have to wait
2) I didn’t call you because I had lost your number
Have
I would have called you If I hadn’t lost your number
 El buen wish (recuerden que para hablar del presente uso pasado y
para hablar del pasado uso had y para hablar de can uso could

1)’ I cannot speak English

Wish
I wish I could speak English
3) I regret not having studied more
had
I wish I had studied more
4) I hate it when you shout
you
I wish you did not shout
Por supuesto van a aparecer phrasal
Come up with: ocurrirse una idea/plan/etc
run into: Encontrarse con alguien o algo de casualidad
Come across: Idem
Call off: cancelar
Bring about: traer como consecuencia
Bring up: criar
Take place: ocurrir
take part: participar
Put off: postponer
Run away: escaper
look into: investigar: establecer un negocio
look after: cuidar
let down: decepcionar
Son solo los más comunes
 There has been a rise in
ha habido un aumento en el número de
(muuuuuuuuuuuuuuuy común)

1) The Price of sugar has gone up

rise
There has been a rise in the price of sugar
2) The level of oxygen has risen
rise
There has been a rise In the level of oygen

Advisable

1) I don’t recommend you to stay out at night

advisable
It........................................to stay pout at night
3) Buying in that shop isn’t a good idea
To
It is advisable........................................

Un poco de todo

1) I think you really should visit Paul

better
I think.......................................paul
3) I have great difficulty in reading books
Find
............................................to read books
4) He only reads because his father taught him
wouldn’t
......................................if his father hadn’t taught him
5) They have postponed the meeting
off
The meeting..................................................
6) I wish I hadn’t bought that car
havng
I....................................that car
7) ‘No, I didn’t break the window’ she said
having
......................................broken the window
8) I am certain billy has escaped
have
.....................................escaped
9) The price of coffee has gone up
rise
there...............................................price of coffe
10) My mother really hates watching tv
approve
........................................watching tv
11) Despite not being strong, he won
though
....................................he won
12) I am really proud of my knowledge
pride
.....................................in my knowledge
13) Every morning I drive 1 hour to return home
takes
Every morning.................................................to return home
14) Don’t worry you will fell happy working here very soon
used
don’t worry you will...........................................soon
15) I will always remember playin with my friends
forget
I will............................................
16) ‘Shut up or I will slap you’ he told me
He threatened........................................
17) The boys didn’t go to school because of covid 19
prevented
The boys.....................................
18) On hearing the door I hid under my bed
soon
......................................I hid under my bed
19) When I was a boy I would never play tennis
to
When I was a boy I didn’t......................................
20) In my house I can’t arrive late
allowed
....................................in my house