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Cogeneration Applications
Cogeneration Applications
Cogeneration Applications
4. CASE STUDY
I. Principle of Combined Heat & Power (CHP)
What is Cogeneration?
Cogeneration or Combined Heat and Power (CHP) is defined as the sequential
generation of two different forms of useful energy from a single primary energy
source, typically mechanical energy and thermal energy.
I. Principle of Combined Heat & Power (CHP)
What is Cogeneration?
• Integrated system
• Located at or near a building/facility
• local energy production
• Uses heat that is lost otherwise (cooling,
heating, dehumidification and process heat)
• Way to use energy more efficient
• Different areas of application
• Different technologies
Conventional Generation & Cogeneration
I. Principle of Combined Heat & Power (CHP)
I. Principle of Combined Heat & Power (CHP)
Benefits of Cogeneration
Cogeneration Synonyms
• Cogeneration
• Trigeneration (Trigen)
• Quadrigeneration (Polygen)
TOPPING CYCLE
Topping cycle CHP is the process of using fuel to generate mechanical energy which is used
to create electricity using a generator. The resulting waste heat is captured from this process
to heat water for use as hot water or steam throughout the facility.
I. Principle of Combined Heat & Power (CHP)
BOTTOMING CYCLE
Bottoming Cycle CHP, sometimes called Waste Heat to Power (WHP), is where fuel is
combusted to produce useful heat to carry out an industrial process of some sort. Some of the
waste heat from this process is recovered via a heat exchanger, producing thermal energy
which is used to power a turbine generator to produce electricity.
I. Principle of Combined Heat & Power (CHP)
BOTTOMING CYCLE
Bottoming Cycle CHP, sometimes called Waste Heat to Power (WHP), is where fuel is
combusted to produce useful heat to carry out an industrial process of some sort. Some of the
waste heat from this process is recovered via a heat exchanger, producing thermal energy
which is used to power a turbine generator to produce electricity.
II. CHP/ COGENERATION TECHNOLOGIES
• Steam turbine
• Gas turbine
• Reciprocating engine
• Fuel Cells
• MicroTurbine
II. CHP/ COGENERATION TECHNOLOGIES
Gas Turbine
• The fuels used can be natural gas, diesel, fuel oil, biogas, petrol, propane, etc.
• Efficiencies up to 37% (PCI) in electricity; more than 80% when heat recovery is
added.
• Basic equipment costs almost $ 350 to $ 600 / kW, without combined production.
II. CHP/ COGENERATION TECHNOLOGIES
Reciprocating Engine Cogeneration
Systems
• A Reciprocating engine produces 2 types
of thermal energy:
"power to heat ratio" shall mean the ratio between electricity from cogeneration and
useful heat when operating in full cogeneration mode using operational data of the
specific unit;
III. CHP/ COGENERATION IN TUNISIA
Potential of Cogeneration
The technical and economic potential of cogeneration in Tunisia is estimated at around 600 MWe.
• 47 cogeneration units have been set up or under construction (including 12 projects in 2020)
• Total electric power: 147.8 MWé
• Cumulative primary energy savings over the period from 2002 to 2019: 534 kTeo
• Overall investment: 240 MTD.