Republic act 1425

 Was enacted on June 12, 1956 through the initiative of Sen. Jose P. Laurel
 Executed by the National Commission on Education thirty days after its publication from the
“Official Gazette”
 Mandates all private and public schools to include in their curricula the life and works of Dr. Jose
Rizal
 To promote nationalism as exemplified through the life of the Filipino hero: our independence
and Filipino values should be included to the minds of the Filipino youth.
 Factors in determining the greatness of a person (according to Xenophon)
a. Just
b. Patient
c. Courageous
d. Bearer of wisdom
e. Respectful
f. Nationalist
 Rizal – “one of the greatest Filipino”
 Criteria in choosing the Philippine national hero:
1. Filipino citizen
2. Patriot/nationalist
3. Has already been dead
4. Patient
 Personalities nominated to be our national hero:
1. Marcelo H. del Pilar
2. Emilio Jacinto
3. Graciano Lopez-Jaena
4. Antonio Luna
 Proclamation of Dr. Jose Rizal as our national hero paved the way to some issues such as:
1. He was the illegitimate son of Adolf Hitler
2. He should not be proclaimed as the national hero because of his cowardice to fight the
colonizers through revolution.
3. He was regarded as an “American-made hero”.
 First Philippine Commission was formed by the United States President headed by
the American Governor-General William Howard c. Taft.
 Declaration of Dr. Jose Rizal as our national hero was only their strategy to hinder
our nationalistic feelings.

International Events

 April 12, 1861

Issue on slavery was raised in American public arena; “Emancipation Proclamation” (Abraham
Lincoln)
  Benito Juarez was elected as the Mexican President.
 Emperor or Napoleon III decided to invade the state of Juarez failed to get military
support from the United States.
 Juarez still defended his state by organizing Indian and Mexican f fighters.
 Emergences of Western imperialism(England)
 Commodore Matthew C. Perry had forcibly re-opened Japan to the International community.
 Holy father issued his decision with regard to the issue of sovereignity in Carolines and Palau
(Spain vs. Germany)
 Italy and Germany had successfully united against France.
 Spain concentrated her despotic rule in Cuba, Puerto Rico and the Philippines.

Local Events

Philippine History
 Emergence of political unrest in Spanish Politics.
 It started during the reign of King Ferdinand VII
 Spanish political instability resulted to frequent shifts of colonial policies and unfixed
terms of government officials in the Philippines.
 Representation in Spanish Cortez
 Spanish Cortez- refers to the Spanish parliament
o The` Philippines was given the opportunity to have a representation in the
Spanish government/parliament (threatened by Napoleonic invasion).
o Isabelo delos Reyes – first Filipino representative
 Deprivation of human rights to Filipinos
 Along with their adoption of the Spanish Constitution of 1812, the colonial Spain
deprived the rights of Filipino natives.
 Corrupt Spanish official
 Spain’s government officials were classified into two groups:
1. Incompetent and corrupt official
2. Siglo de Oro ("Oro” means gold)
 Inequality
Can be reflected through their colonial laws, codes and religion

 Racial discrimination
 Example of inequality before the law
 Because of the “inferior” physical features of the Filipinos, racial prejudice was wide
spread in:
1. Military
2. Universities
3. Social circles
  Landlordism and Feudalism

RIZAL’S FAMILY

CHARACTERISTICS

Belongs to Principalia

A status that exempt them from rendering Polo

House Carriage

Library w/ 1000 volumes of books

The House of Rizal was popular in Calamba

A 2 storey building with rectangular shape that shows the simplicity of the lifestyle then

Its backyard has:

a. Poultry of turkey, Chicken

b. Garden of Tropical fruits such as Chico, Macopa, Papaya etc

Francisco Mercado 1818-1898

Born in Binan Laguna on May 11, 1818

A model father to Jose Rizal

Studied Latin and Philosophy at College of San Jose in Manila

A man of Dignity, self respect, seriousness and self possession

Dona Teodora Alonzo 1826-1911

Born on November 8, 1826 in Santa Cruz Manila

Educated at College of Santa Rosa

A talented and remarkable woman

A Mathematician and fluent is speaking Espanola

Admired and honoured by Rizal

Managing a Printing Press

Died in Manila on August 16,1911 (85)

Saturnina

1850-1913

Neneng

Married to Manuel Hidalgo

The Oldest, the most beautiful and business minded

Helpful to her brothers and sisters specially when Paciano runs out of money

Paciano

1851- 1930

Severina Decena (Mistress)

2nd in the family, Tall and white

Died Bachelor on 1930 at the age of 79

Narcisa

1852-1939

Sisa

Married to Antonio Lopez (Teacher)

This is where her Father and mother including Josefa and Trinidad reside

Olimpia

1855-1887

Ypia

Married to Sylvestre Ubaldo (Telegraph Operator)

Died in 1887 before the execution of JPR

Lucia

1857-1919

Married to Marciano Herbosa (Died of cholera)

Widow

Maria

1859- 1945

Biang

Married to Daniel Cruz

Separated from her husband

Has suffered a lot together with Choleng

Jose

1861-1896

Pepe

BORN: June 19, 1861 (Wednesday)

PLACE: Calamba, Laguna

BAPTISMAL: Baptized by Father Rufino Collantes (June 22, 1861)

GODFATHER: Father Pedro Casanas

Named after Saint Joseph where his mother was a devotee

7th Child

Concepcion Concha

1862-1865

Favourite Sister of Rizal who died 3 years after her birth

Josefa

1865-1945

The one who kept the alcohol lamp of JPR

Suffered from Epileptic

Trinidad

1868-1951

Trining

Spend thrift

Old Maid (83)

Soledad

1870-1929

Youngest

Married to Pantaleon Quintero

Also known as Choleng

Get married even without the consent of her family

RELATIONSHIP

The relationship among the siblings was warm and loving

Rizal Used to play with his sisters just like other ordinary boy

Paciano is not just his big brother but also like a brother to him who give him advices and teachings.

RACIAL COMPOSITION

Negrito

Indonesian

Malay
Chinese

Japanese

Spanish

ANCESTOR

As a Malayan, He had a good Asian Features, His ancestor in Father side was

Domingo Lamco- A Chinese immigrant from Fukien City, Changcow, China

Don Francisco Mercado Rizal when he was orphaned to his father and grow up with his mother

Dona Teodora Alonzo’s ancestor came from Lakandula of Tondo

She also has a Japanese blood through Eusebia Urusa who was married to Benigna

SURNAME

The Original Surname of Rizal clan was Mercado

This was used by Lamco in 1731

Rizal was given to them by a Spanish Alcalde Mayor