AdkvfMuL

(pufrSKwuúodvk f)

armfawmfum; ta&twGufrsm;jym;vmrSEk Siht

f rsm;jynfolusef;rma&;
armfawmfum;wifoGif;rSEk Sifh vdktyfcsufrsm;

tpd;k &opfvufxufjyKjyifajymif;vJrIrsm;pGm aqmif&GufcJhonft

h euf? ESpf20txufum;a[mif;rsm; tyfapí
um;opfrsm;wifoiG f;apjcif;rSm aumif;rGefaomaqmif&Gufcsufyifjzpfygonf/ um;wifoiG f;rIukdjynforl sm; tm;cGifhjyKcJh
ojzifh jynforl sm;taejzifh um;aumif;? um;oefrY sm;udk aps;oufompGm 0,f,l oH;k pGcJ Gifhukd &&Sad pcJyh gonf/ odUk &mwGif
um;vrf;? um;&yfem;&efae&m ponfhtajccHvdktyfcsufrsm; jznfq h nf;ay;&efvktd yfaeqJyifjzpfygonf/ xdkUtjyif
wifoiG f;vmaom um;opfrsm;\avmifpmrsm;rS xGufvmaom Exhaust "gwfaiGUrsm;aMumifah vxktwGif; ysHUESHUrIESifh
vlrsm;\usef;rma&;tay: oufa&mufrI udkavhvmqef;ppf wHUk jyef&eftqifoifrh jzpfao;ay/

Edik fiHjcm;&if;ES;D jrSyfESrH IOya'jyXmef;NyD;? Edik fiHjcm; &if;ES;D jrSyfErSH Irsm; 0ifa&mufvmum armfawmfum;xkwv f kyfa&;
puf&Hkrsm; wnfaxmif vkyfukdif&eftwGufvnf; Auto Policy a&;qGjJ yXmef;&efvkt d yfouJo h dkY ywf0ef;usif
xdef;odrf;a&;twGuf Exhaust Gas Emission Standard, Fuel Policy ponfh vdt k yfcsufrsm;udka&;qGJ jyXmef;ay;&ef
vdt
k yfrnfjzpfygonf/ Oya'rsm;taejzifh tcsdwftqufrdrdjzifh vpfuGuf[muGurf &Sdap&ef jyKpkjyXmef;&ef ta&;BuD;vS
ygonf/
 um;0,f,w l ifoiG f;rnfholrsm;taejzifh atmufygtcsuftvufrsm;udk zwf&SLavhvmNyD;rSom "gwfqDum;
0,frnfvm;? 'DZ,fum;0,frnfvm;? pOf;pm;qH;k jzwf&eftBuHjyKwifjyvdyk gonf/

armfawmfum;ESifhavxknpfnrf;rSk

ESpf20txufum;a[mif;rsm;tyfí um;opfrsm;wifoiG f;apjcif;aMumifh ,cifuvrf;rsm;ay:wGif rD;cd;k

wvlvjl zifh oGm;vmvQuf&SdMuaom um;tdu k m;a[mif;rsm;tm;? tqH;k owfapcJyh gonf/ odUk &mwGif wifoiG f;vmaom
um;trsm;pkrSmvnf; *syefEdkifiHwiG f oufwrf;twefMum toH;k jyKcNJh yD;jzpfaom um;rsm;yifjzpfaMumif; awGU&Sd&rnf
jzpfygonf/ um;a[mif;rsm;\tdyfaZmrSxu G faom rD;cd;k rsm;ud[
k efYwm;Edik fcJhaomfvnf;? ta&twGufydkrdkrsm;jym;vmaom
wifoiG f;um;rsm;\ rD;cd;k xkwvf Twrf SkaMumifh avxknpfnrf;rSjk zpfvmrnfudo k wdjyK&rnfjzpfygonf/ um;rsm;\
avxktwGif;tdyfaZmrD;cd;k xkwv f TwfrSkrSm trSefyif avxkun dk pfnrf;apygovm;/ vlwYdk\usef;rma&;udk
xdcdkufapygovm;/ tb,fuhJodYk xdcdkufapí rnfuJhokdY xdef;csKyfoifhygoenf;/ pOf;pm;p&m wpfyHk wpfyif&Sdygonf/

tar&duefobm0ywf0ef;usifumuG,fxdef;odrf;a&;at*sifpD(United State Environment Protection Agency)

\ pHowfrSwcf suft& avxktwGif;wdik f;wm&&Sad om atmufyg tqd;k &Gm;qHk;npfnrf;aponft h &m (criteria pollutants)
- 6 rsdK;yg0ifrSkyrmPjzifh tqdkygavxk\ oef&h Sif;rSu
k o
dk wfrSwfEdkifrnf[kqydk gonf/

1/ umAGefrdak emhqd'k f (Carbon Monoxide – CO)

2/ ajrjyifw0dkufawGU&Sdedkifaom tdZk kef;yrmP (Ground Level Ozone – O3)
3/ cJ"gwf (Lead – Pb)
4/ Edu
k fx&dk*sif'dkifatmufqkd'f ( Nitrogen Dioxide – NO2)
5/ trSek frsm;udjk zpfay:aponfht&mrsm; ( particulate Matter, PM)

6/ qmvzm'dik fatmufqd'k f (Sulphur Dioxide – SO2)

jrefrmEdkifiHwiG f avxknpfnrf;rSEk Sifhywfoufí wpfpHkwpf&m avhvmokawoe vkyfr&Sk ^Sd r&Sd rod&yg/

tdE´d,EdkifiH ywf0ef;usifnpfnrf;rSxk def;csKyfa&;A[dk (Central Pollution Control Board ) \ avmavmvwfvwf
awGU&Scd suftpD&ifcHpmudk ud;k um;az:jy&vQif a'vDNrdKU{&d,mwpf0dkuw f Gif particulate Matter (PM-10) xkwv f Twrf Sk\
6.6% udk armfawmf,mOfrsm;rSxw k fvTwv f Quf&SdNyD;? vrf;rBuD;rsm;\ zkefreSk yfY sHUvGirfh Sku 52.5% jzifx
h dyfqH;k rS
&yfwnfaeygonf/ ukefxkwfvkyfrSv k kyfief;rsm;rS 22% xkwv f TwfaeNyD; 19%url obm0ywf0ef;usifaMumifh
[kqkyd gonf/
 avxknpfnrf;rSjk zpfapaom taMumif;rsm;pGm&SNd yD; tm;vH;k udkuidk fwG,fajz&Sif;&efvkt
d yfrnfjzpfygonf/
armfawmf,mOfrsm;rSxw k fvTwfaom tdyfaZm rD;cd;k aiGUrsm;ESifh armfawmf,mOfrsm;oGm;vmrSak Mumifh vrf;rrsm; zkefxlae&rSk
ESifhywfoufí wifjyvdyk gonf/ armfawmf,mOfrsm;\ tdyfaZm"gwfaiGUrsm;wGif avxknpfnrf;rSkudk jzpfapaom
t&mESpfrsdK;t"duyg0ifvQuf&Sdaeygonf/ particulate emissions (PM-10) ESifh Edkufx&dk*sifatmufqk'd f(NOx)
wdYyk ifjzpfygonf/ abmfpwGeftajcpduk f usef;rma&;tusdK;quf avhvma&;wuúodkvf (Boston-based Health Effect
Institute) \2010ckESpfavhvmawGU&Sc d suft& armfawmf,mOfrsm;rS xkwv f Twfaom rD;cd;k aiGUrsm;ESifh ¤if;wGifyg0ifaom
trSek frsm;rSm vrf;rBuD;ab; wpfzufwpfcsuf rDwm500 txdysHUESUH a&muf&SdEdkifonf[k qdyk gonf/ armfawmf,mOfrsm;
[kqk&d mü 'DZ,fqDoHk;armfawmf,mOfrsm;u particulate emissions (PM-10) udyk rdk x dk kwfvTwfaMumif;awGU&Sd&ygonf/

particulate Matter qdo

k nfrSmtb,fenf;/

particulate Matter (PM) qdkonfrSm avxktwGif;awGU&S&d aom tpdik ftcJESifh t&nfwYdk\ ao;i,faom
trSek frsm;udak c:qdkjcif;yifjzpfygonf/ tcsdKUtrSek frsm;rSm vlwUdk \ omrefrsufpdjzifh jrifEdkifavmufatmif MuD;rm;MuNyD;?
teufa&mifMuyfcdk;rsm;? rD;cd;k rsm;tjzpfawGU&S&d rnfjzpfonf/ odkU&mwGif tcsdKUrSm tvGefao;i,fojzifh
tDvufx&Gefrdkucf &dpk ukyf(Electron Microscopic) jzifo h m prf;oyfawGU&SEd dkifrnfjzpfygonf/ t&G,t f pm;tm;jzifh
10μ m (wpfrDwm\tyHw k pfoef;yHw k pfyHk ) atmufao;i,faomtrSek fav;rsm;udk particulate Matter (PM 10)
[kac:qdkNyD; vlwdYktouf&SL&mwGif tvG,fwulyg0ifEdkifaMumif;awGU&S&d ygonf/ vlq
Y HcsnfrQiftvHk;\ 7
yHw
k pfyHkrQom&Sad om t&G,yf rmPjzpfygonf/ þtrSkefrsm; rlvxkwv f Tw&f mae&m (Original emitting Sources)
udv k dkufí &lyaA'ESifh "gwkaA'qdik f&m *kPfowård sm;(Physical & Chemical Properties) uGmjcm;Muygonf/
armfawmf,mOftrsdK;rsdK;? 'DZ,foH;k ukefwifum;rsm;? xif;rD;aoG;oHk;rD;zdrk sm;? ukefxkwfvkyfrv Sk kyfief;rsm;ESifh vQyfppf
"gwftm;ay;puf&Hkrsm;? ponfwdYkrS wdu k f&dkufaomf vnf;aumif;? xkwv f Two f nfh rD;cd;k rsm;wGifyg0ifaom SO2 ESifh NOx
wdUk "gwfjyKrSak Mumifhaomfvnf;aumif;? tvGefao;i,faomtrSek f (Fine Particles) rsm;avxktwGif;a&muf&Sd
ysHUESHMY uygonf/ ukefxkwfvyk frSv k yfief;rsm;ESifh aqmufvkyfa&;vkyfief;rsm;zGUH NzdK;vmrSuk vnf; avxknpfnrf;rSt k wGuf
t"dutcef;rS yg0ifvQuf&Sdaeygonf/
avxknpfnrf;rSEk Sifh usef;rma&;jyóem

xdYt
k jyif wnfaqmufjyKjyifa&;vkyfief;rsm;? ow¬KwGif;vkyfief;rsm;? ponfv
h kyfief;rsm;ESifh obm0 tavQmuf
jzpfay:aom rD;awmifrsm;aygufuJGjcif;? oJrkefwdkif;rsm;jzpfay:jcif;? awmrD;avmifjcif;wdkYaMumifvh nf; avxkt&nf
taoG;udkusqif;apaMumif;awGU&ygonf/

avxknpfnrf;rSak Mumifh usef;rma&;jyóemrsm;pGm MuHKawGUcHpm;&rnfjzpfygonf/ avxktwGif; (PM 10)

yg0ifrSk\pdwcf s&aom yrmPowfrSwfcsufrSm ESpfpOfysrf;rQ 50μ g/m3 ESifh aeYpOf 150 μ g/m3 jzpfNyD;
¤if;xufausmfvGefaeygu touf&SL vrf;aMumif; qdkif&ma&m*grsm;? tqkww f pf&SL;rsm;ysufpD;rSEk Sifh tqkwfuifqm?
t&G,rf a&mufrDaoqH;k rSk ponfwkEdY Sifh BuHKawGUcHpm;&Edik fygonf/ t&G,fa&mufNyD;ESifhuav;t&G,rf sm;yifvQif emwm&Snf
tqkwfa&m*ga0'em&Sifrsm;? wkwfauG; a&m*gcHpm;ae&olrsm;ESifh yef;em&ifMuyfa0'em&Sifrsm;jzpfygu a&m*ga0'emudk
ydrk o
dk dompGmcHpm;&onfudk awGU&S&d ygonf/ (PM 10) wGif tufqpf"gwfrsm;yg0ifaeygu vlwYdjk yKvkyfxm;aom t&m0w¬K
rsm;udk tvG,fwul aqG;ajrUysufpD;aponfh tjyif vlwkdY\ tjriftm&Hkukdvnf; avsmhenf;apaMumif;awGU&Sd&ygonf/
avxktwGif; NOx yg0ifrSkjrifw h ufvmyguvnf; ESvk;H a&m*gudk qd;k &Gm;jyif;xefpGm cHpm;&apEdik frnfjzpfygonf/
tE´, d Edik fiH? a'vDNrdKUwGif 2000 ckESpfrSpí (PM-10) – 47% ESifh NOX – 57% xdjrifw h ufvmaeojzifh
jynfoYu l sef;rma&;udk Ncdrf;ajcmufvmaeNyDjzpfygonf/ tqdyk g (PM-10) ESifh NOx ESpfrsdK;pvH;k udk 'DZ,fqD
avmifuRrf;&mrSMuGif;usef&pfaom tcd;k taiGU rsm;wGift"duyg0ifaMumif;awGU&S&d ygonf/ w&kwEf idk fiH? ayusif;NrdKU\
avxkt&nftaoG;rSmvnf;,ck&ufydik f;twGif; trsm;jynfol usef;rma&;udk tEå&,fjzpfapEdik faom tajctaewGif
&Sad eonfhtwGuf? rdrdaetdrf twGif;wGifomaexdik f&efESifh rjzpfrae tjyifokUd xGu&f rnfqdkyguvnf; ESmacgif;pGyfrsm;
wyfqifoGm;vmMu&ef EdSk;aqmf xm;aom owif;wpfyk'fukd avmavmvwfvwfzwf&v Sk dku&f ygonf/
,ckESpftapmydik f;wGif WHO tzGUJ BuD;u 'DZ,frD;cd;k aiGUrsm;onf uifqma&m*gjzpfaprSt k qif(h 1) [k
tqifo h wfrSwfcGJjcm;az:jycJyh gonf/ aq;vdyfrD;cd;k aiGUESifh tqifw
h lowfrSwf az:jyjcif;jzpfygonf/ aq;vdyfraomufo l
rsm;tMum; tqkwu f ifqmjzpfyGm;rSk jrifw
h ufvm&jcif;\aemufuG,fwGif 'DZ,frD;cd;k aiGUrsm;\ tusdK;qufvnf; yg0if
rSm taotcsmyifjzpfygonf/

'DZ,fum;ESifh"gwfqu
D m;

tu,fí oifw h GifaiGtvHktavmuf&SdNyD; um;wpfpD; 0,f,lrnfqkv d Qifoifhtaejzifh 'DZ,fum;ESifh"gwfqu D m;

rnfonfhum;udk a&G;cs,f0,f,lygrnfenf;/ trsm;pkuawmh 'DZ,fum;ud0k ,f,rl nf[k ajzqdMk urnfjzpfygonf/
tb,fhaMumifyh genf;/ tajzu&Sif;ygonf/ 'DZ,fum;rsm;rSm pwif0,f,lpOfu "gwfqu D m;ESifhEdSkif;,SOfvQif
aps;ydak y;&rnfjzpfaomfvnf;tif*sifqpD m;oufomjcif;? 'DZ,fqDaps;ESek f;csdKomjcif;wdakY Mumifha&&Snw
f Gif ydrk dkwGufajcudkuf
aomaMumifh jzpfygonf/

'DZ,f \tm;omcsuf? tm;enf;csufwUdk udk atmufwGif az:jyxm;ygonf/

yHw k Gif 'DZ,ftrSek fwpfckudk

cGjJ crf;pdwjf zm jyxm;ygonf/
tm;enf;csufrsm;rSm –

- 'DZ,fum;rsm;\aps;ESek f;rSm "gwfqu D m;rsm;xuf 15odef;-odef;20cefY ydak ernfjzpfygonf/

- jyKjyifxed f;odrf;pm;&dwEf Sifh tmrcHxm;&S&d rnfah iGrSmvnf; ydkrdkrnfjzpfygonf/
- ,cifxw k fvyk fcJhaom'DZ,fum;rsm;rSm tqifjh rifeh nf;ynmoH;k 'DZ,fum;rsm;xuf 20%cefY qDpm;ESek f;ydk
ygvdrfhrnf/
- (PM-10) ESifh NOX xkwfvTwfrSu k vnf; "gwfqDum;rsm;xufoo d domomydkrdkygvdrfhrnf/
- tqdyk g xkwfvTwfrSku vrf;rBuD;rsm;wzufwcsuf rDwm 500 xda&muf&Sdrnfjzpf&m NrdKUaevlxt k rsm;pk
twGupf d;k &drfp&mjzpfygonf/
- WHO tzGUJ BuD;u'DZ,fum;rsm;rSm uifqma&m*gjzpfapaom t"duvufonfrsm;tjzpfaz:jyxm;ygonf/
-
tm;omcsufrsm;rSm –

- qDpm;ESek f;oufomygonf/ "gwfqD wpfvDwmvQif 15 uDvrdk Dwmomarmif;ESifEidk faomfvnf;? 'DZ,fwpfvDwm

vQif 21 uDvdrk Dwmc&D;aygufEdkifygonf/
- "gwfqu D m;rsm;xuf tif*sifyg0gydkjrifyh gonf/
- armif;ESifrSpk m;&dwf oufomwGufajcudu k fygonf/ 'DZ,fum;ta&twGurf sm;vmjcif;rSm qDtoHk;jyKrSk
avQmhusaponfhoabmoufa&mufrnfjzpfygonf/
- ukefwifum;BuD;rsm;? vQyfppf"gwftm;ay;pufrsm;ESifh pdkufysdK;a&;oH;k a&wifpufBuD;rsm;wGif tif*sifyg0g
rsm;pGmvdt k yfojzifh 'DZ,fudkom toHk;jyK&ef oifhawmfygonf/

avxknpfnrf;rSkudk xdef;csKyfa&;enf;vrf;rsm;ESifh urÇmwpf0Srf; 'DZ,fum;toH;k jyKrt

Sk ajctae

avxknpfnrf;rSEk Sifhywfoufí urÇmwpf0Srf; ywf0ef;usifxed f;odrf;a&;ynm&Sifrsm;? rl0g'a&;qGo J lrsm;?

armfawmfum; xkwv f kyfolrsm;? ESifh pD;yGm;a&;ynm&Sifrsm;tMum; trsdK;rsdK;jiif;cHak qG;aEG;vQuf&aSd eNyD;? Edik fiHtvduk f
avxknpfnrf;rSx
k def;csKyfa&;enf;vrf;trsdK;rsdK; a&;qGt
J aumiftxnfaz:vQuf&Sdaeygonf/

avxknpfnrf;rSx k def;odrf;a&;ESifyh wfoufí uifqma&m*gjzpfapaom "gwfaiGUrsm; xkwfvTwfaom t"du

vufonfrsm;jzpfonfhf 'DZ,fum;rsm;udt k cGefw;dk jrSifhaumufcH&eftwGuf ywf0ef;usifxed f;odrf;a&;ynm&Sifrsm;u
axmufjy wdu k fwGef;aeonfudv k nf;awGUae&ygonf/ xdkUtjyif tcsdKUutqdyk gnpfnrf;cGeftjyif 'DZ,fESifh"gwfqD
aps;ESek f; uGm[rSkESifn
h DrQaom aiGaMu;yrmPudk ESpfpOfaMu;tjzpf tcGefaumufcHí 'DZ,fum;rsm;0,f,al erSKudk
[efwY m; oifhaMumif; tqdjk yKMuygonf/
odUk &mwGif 'DZ,ftoH;k jyKaeonfrSm armfawmf,mOfrsm;omr[kwb f J tjcm;pufrSKvkyfief;rsm;? pdu k fysdK;a&;oH;k
a&wifyefUBuD;rsm;ESifh *sifea&wmtcsdKUuygtoH;k jyKaejcif;jzpfaMumif;? ukefxkwfvyk frSKvkyfief;rsm;ESifh aqmufvkyfa&;
vkyfief;rsm;aMumifh jzpfay:vQuf&Sdaom avxknpfnrf;rSKrsm;udv k nf; ta&;,lxed f;csKyfoifhaMumif; armfawmf,mOf
xkwv f kyfolrsm;uajymqdkygonf/ 'DZ,fum;topfrsm;udk tcGefaumufcHrSKrSm enf;vrf;rusbJ um;tdkum;a[mif;rsm;\
BuHYcdkifa&;udkom wif;wif;MuyfMuyfppfaq; tjypfay;oifhaMumif; udkvnf;axmufjyajymqdkygonf/ ywf0ef;usif
npfnrf;rSKtwGuf tcGefaumufcHrSrk Sm rSm;,Gif;aomoabmw&m;omjzpfNyD; tu,fívlwpfOD;onf tcGefay;aqmif
NyD;ygu ywf0ef;usifnpfnrf;atmifjyKvkyfEdkifcGifh&&Syd gNyDvm;? xdkoUdk qdv
k Qif w&m;Oya'ucGifhjyKxm;aom w&m;0if
npfnrf;rSk (legalized pollution) [kqkdEdkifygoavm[k ar;cGef;xkwo f ltcsdKUvnf;&Sdaeygonf/

tcsdKUuvnf; 'DZ,fqDaps;ESek f;udk jrSifhwifowfrSwfí

"gwfqED Sifhaps;ESek f;uGm[aerSKudk jyKjyifoifhonf[k tMuHjyK Muygonf/
odkU&mwGif 'DZ,fqDaps;jrSifhwifjcif;? odYrk [kwf 'DZ,fum; rsm;udk
tcGefyrdk dkaumufcHjcif;jzifh 'DZ,fqDo;Hk pGrJ SKudk avsmhus apEdik frnf
r[kwo f uJhokdU avxknpfnrf;rSu k dkvnf; xl;xl; jcm;jcm; umuG,fEdik f
rnfr[kwfaMumif; tcsdKUu oH;k oyfvQuf &Sdaeygonf/
armfawmf,mOf rsm;udt k qifjh rifh tif*sifenf;ynm toHk;jyKí
qDpm;ESek f; oufomap&efESifh tqifjh rif'h DZ,f rsm;udok m
xkwv f kyftoH;k jyKap&ef pDrHaqmif&GufapoifhaMumif;
tMuHjyKwifjyMuygonf/ Edik fiH toD;oD;\ csrSwfusio fh ;Hk vQuf&Sdaom
rl0g'trsdK;rsdK;udak tmufygyHkwGif awGU&Sdavhvm Edik frnfjzpfygonf/

wpfurÇmvH;k twdik f;twmjzifh 'DZ,ftoH;k jyKarmfawmf,mOfrsm;wd;k yGm;vmvQuf&aSd eNyD;? (PM-10) xkwv f Twrf SEk Sifh
avxknpfnrf;rSu k dk xdef;csKyfajz&Sif;Edik f&ef enf;trsdK;rsdK;jzifh BudK;yrf;tm;xkwv
f Quf&SdaeMuouJoh dkU 'DZ,fum; toH;k jyK
aerSu
k v dk nf; atmufygtwdkif;qef;ppfavhvmEdkifrnfjzpfygonf/
taemufOa&my? tdE´d,wdYkwGif 'DZ,foHk;armfawmf,mOfrsm;rSm armfawmf,mOftm;vHk;\ xuf0f ufcef&Y Sd aeNyD;?
jyifopfESifhpydefwGif ydrk drk sm;jym;aMumif;awGU&Sd&ygonf/ rSwo f m;zG,&f mtaejzifh *syefwiG f 2% ESifh tar&duefwGif 5%
om&Sad Mumif;awGU&S&d rnfjzpfygonf/ tar&duefwGif ydrk dkwif;Muyfaom rD;cd;k xkwfvTwfrSKpH (emission norms) udk
owfrSwfjyXmef;xm;onft h wGuf 90% ydrk dkoefU&Sif;aom tqifjh rif'h DZ,fudkom toH;k jyK&ojzifh 'DZ,fqDaps;
jrifw
h ufvQuf &Sad eygonf/ xdUk aMumifh 'DZ,fum;wd;k yGm;vmrSu
k v
dk nf; tvdt
k avQmufxed f;csKyfNyD; jzpfaeonf [k
,lqp&mjzpfygonf/

Oa&mywGifvnf; 1992 ckESpfrSpí rD;cd;k twGif;rS (NOx) & PM10 xkwv f TwfrSKpH( NOx and PM Emission
Standard for Diesel)owfrSwfumxdef;csKyfvmcJh&m 2005ckESpf EURO 4 wGif PM xkwv f TwfrSkukd 0.025 g/km ESifh NOx
xkwvf TwfrSkudk 0.25 g/km xdavQmhcsEdik fcJhNyD;jzpfonf/ 2008ckESpfrSpí EURO 5 tjzpff PM xkwv f TwfrSkudk
0.001 g/km ESifh NOx xkwfvTwrf Su
k dk 0.20 g/km xdavQmhcsEidk f&efpDpOfaqmif&GufcJhayonf/

EURO I EURO II EURO III EURO IV

Europe 1983 1992 2000 2005

Diesel Car EURO I EURO II EURO III EURO IV

CO (gm/km) 2.27 1.06 0.64 0.50

NOx (gm/km) 0.50 0.25

HC + NOx 0.97 0.71 0.56 0.30

PM (gm/km) 0.14 0.08 0.05 0.025

Petro Car EURO I EURO II EURO III EURO IV

CO (gm/km) 2.72 2.20 2.30 1.00

NOx (gm/km) 0.97 0.50 0.15 0.08

HC (gm/km) 0.20 0.10

yHw
k Gif 'DZ,fum;ESifh "gwfqDum;rsm;twGuf ,l&dkpH ESifh pwifusio
fh ;Hk cJo
h nfch kESpfwUdk udkaz:jyxm;ygonf/

tdE´d,uvnf; Oa&mypHukdtwk,u
l m Bharat Emision Regulations Road Map udak &;qGt
J aumiftxnf
az:vQuf &Sdaeygonf/

EURO 1 ESifh EURO 2 wGifjyXmef;xm;csufESifh

tdE´d,EdkifiHNrdKUBuD;rsm;wGifvdkufemusifo
h H;k aerS?k EURO 3 twGufprf;oyfppfaq;rSyk pHk HwkdUudkaz:jyxm;ygonf/

yHw
k Gif "gwfqDtif*siftwGuf BSII ESifh BSIII wGifuefo
Y wfaz:jycsufrsm;udEk KSd if;,SOfaz:jyxm;ygonf/
 Emission Regulations – Road Map
Passenger and Commercial Vehicles
Standard Reference Date Region

India 2000 Euro 1 2000 Nationwide

2001 NCR*, Mumbai,

Kolkata, Chennai

Bharat Stage (BSII) Euro 2

2003 NCR*, 10 Cities#

2005 Nationwide

2005 NCR*, 10 Cities#

BS III Euro 3
2010 Nationwide

BS IV Euro 4 2010 NCR*, 10 Cities#

*National Capital Region

# Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Bangalore, Hyderabad, Ahmedabad, Pune, Surat,

Kanpur and Agra.

For 2 and 3 Wheelers, BS III Norms to be implemented not later than 2010.

yHw
k Gif tdE´d,EdkifiH\ EMISSION REGULATIONS ROAD MAP udkaz:jyxm;ygonf/

jrefrmhavxknpfnrf;rSu
k muG,af &;ESifhaqmif&Guo
f ifo
h nft
h csufrsm;

jrefrmEdkifiHtaejzifh vuf&SdtajctaewGif tjcm;Edik fiHrsm;uJo

h Ydk avxknpfnrf;rSu
k dk qd;k &Gm;pGmcHpm;&rSk
r&Sad o;aomfvnf; armfawmf,mOfrsm;wifoiG f;rSEk Sifhtwl jzpfay:vmrnfh avxknpfnrf;rSu k dk xdef;odrf;&efESifh
jynfov l lxkusef;rma&;udk Ncdrf;ajcmufvmrnfh tEå&,fudk umuG,fEdkif&eftwGuf tpDtrHrsm;udk BudKwifcsrSwf
taumiftxnfaz: aqmif&Guf&efvkdtyfrnfjzpfygonf/ atmufygtcsufrsm;udk tBuHjyKwifjyvdyk gonf/
1/ tdE´d,uJo h dkUyif Emision Regulations Road Map udak &;qGt J aumiftxnfaz:oifyh gonf/ xdkoUdk a&;qG&J mwGif
vlaexlxyfNyD; armfawmf,mOftoGm;tvmrsm;onfh NrdKUBuD;rsm;twGuf OD;pm;ay;taumiftxnfaz: oifyh gonf/
xdUk aemufwGifrS wpfEdkifiHvHk;twdik f;twmjzifh vdu
k femusifho;Hk ap&ygrnf/

2/ um;vrf;rsm;udk wd;k csJUjcif;? NrdKUwGif;um;&yf&efae&mrsm;udk pepfwusaz:xkwfjcif;? txyfjrift

h aqmuftOD;rsm;
aqmufvkyfonfhtcg ajratmufum;&yf&efae&mrsm; xnfo h Gif;wnfaqmufapjcif;?

3/ vSn;f wrf;? bk&ifhaemifvrf;qHkuJhodUk aom um;toGm;tvmrsm;jym;onfh vrf;qHkrD;ydik rfh sm;wGif ukefq;Hk &aom
jynfow l Udk \ tcsdefrsm; ESifh armfawmf,mOfavmifpmqDrsm;? tdyfaZmrD;cd;k rsm; xkwv
f TwfaerSu
k dka&SmifvETJ dkif&eftwGuf
rd;k ysHwHwm;rsm;udk tjrefwnfaqmufjcif;?

4/ NrdKUjyaejynforl sm; vG,fuloufompGmoGm;vmEdik fap&ef ajratmuf&xm;rsm;? vQyfppf&xm;rsm;udk wGifus,fpGm

toH;k jyKEdik fap&efaqmif&Gufay;jcif;?

5/ e,fNrdKUrsm;wGif ta0;ajy;,mOfrsm;? ukefwif,mOfrsm; NrdKUwGif;jzwfoef;oGm;vmrSu

k adk &SmifvETJ idk f&eftwGuf
NrdKUa&Smifvrf;rsm;udk azmufvyk fay;jcif;

6/ vrf;rsm;azmufvkyf&mwGifvnf;,mOfESpfpD; aumif;rGefpGmoGm;vm a&Smifwdrf;Edik fap&efvkaH vmufaom vrf;tus,f

xm;&Sad zmufvkyfjcif;? (um;wpfpD;ESifhwpfpD; ausmfwuf&efESifh a&Smifwdrf;&eftwGuf Brake zrf;&yfwefUí vrf;csay;
&jcif;? jyefvnfpwifarmif;ESif&jcif;jzifh vrf;udkydkrdkysufpD;apygonf/ vrf;rBuD;rsm; zkefxlaerSu
k dkvnf; txdu k f
tavQmuf ajz&Sif;NyD;jzpfEdkifygrnf/)

7/ jynfowl dUk vuf0,f&Sd tESpf 20 ausmfum;rsm;udk tyfapí um;opfrsm;oGif;cGifhjyKouJhokUd tpdk;&Xmeydik f

oufwrf;&ifh armfawmf,mOfrsm;udv
k nf; topfvv
J S,&f efaqmif&Gufoifhygonf/

8/ rdrdjynfwiG f;rSa&eHcsufpuf&Hkrsm;\ csufvkyfreSk nf;pOfrsm;udk tqifjh rSifhwifí tqifjh rifh oefpY ifonfh 'DZ,f? cJa&mpyf
rxm;onfh "gwfqDwdUk udk xkwfvkyfEdik f&efaqmif&Gufjcif;? tvm;wl Edik fiHjcm;rS wifoiG f;vmaom avmifpmqDrsm;udv k nf;
pepfwuspHowfrSwfí wifoGif;apjcif;? wif;MuyfpGmppfaq;jcif;?

9/ armfawmf,mOfxw k fvyk folrsm;ESifh wifoGif;olrsm;udv k nf; Emision Regulations Road Map yg Standard
rsm;udv
k u
dk femapí um;xkwfvkyfrSk ESifh wifoiG f;rSkuBdk uD;Muyfjcif;?

10/armfawmf,mOfrsm;\ BuHYcdkifrSkESifh tif*siftajctaeudpk epfwus?wif;MuyfpGmppfaq;NyD;rSom oufwrf;wdk; cGifhjyKjcif;?

Particulate Filter rsm;udw
k yfqiftoHk;jyKapjcif;?
yHw
k Gif 'DZ,fum;tdyfaZmrD;cd;k aiGUtwGif;yg0ifaom trSek frsm;udpk pfonfhud&d,m Particulate Filter wpfckudkjrifawGU&rnf
jzpfygonf/

11/ puf&Hktvkyf&Hkrsm;?ow¬KwGif;vkyfief;rsm;ESifh aqmufvyk fa&;vkyfief;rsm;\ avxknpfnrf;apaom rD;cd;k ESifhzkefrSkefYrsm;

xkwvf TwfaerSk udkvnf;? pepfwus pHowfrSwfxed f;csKyf&rnfjzpfygonf/

ed*Hk;csKyftaejzifh rdrdESifhrdrdywf0ef;usif&Sdjynforl sm;\usef;rma&;udk 'ku©ay;Edik faom? uifqma&m*g\t"du

vufonf PM10 ESifh NOx trsm;qH;k xkwv f Twfonfh 'DZ,fum;udk0,f,ltoHk;jyKrnfhtpm;? "gwfqu D m;ud0k ,f,l
toH;k jyKMuyg&efESifh 'DZ,fum;ud0k ,f,ltoH;k jyKyguvnf; tqifjh rifo h efUpifonfh 'DZ,fqDo;Hk tqifjh rifh armfawmf,mOf
rsm;udok m toHk;jyKMuyg&efwkduw f Gef;EdKS ;aqmfvdu
k f&ygonf/

ud;k um; / / 1. THE TIME OF INDIA, MUMBAI ( NOVEMBER 29,2012)

2. INTERNET