MAPÚA UNIVERSITY

Muralla St. Intramuros, Manila

School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering

EXPERIMENT NO. 3
SERIES/PARALLEL PUMPS

9 MAHMUD, Ali R. Date of Performance: November 28,

2018
2015151413 Date of Submission: December 19, 2018
ME152L – E01
Group No. 1

GRADE

Engr. Teodulo A. Valle

Instructor
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Objectives Page 1

Theory and Principle Page 1

List Of Apparatus Page 13

Procedure Page 14

Set-up of Apparatus Page 17

Final Data Sheet Page 18

Computations Page 18

Discussion of Result Page 20

Questions and Answers Page 21

Conclusion Page 24

Reference Page 25

Preliminary Data Sheet Page 26

 i
OBJECTIVES
1. To familiarize with the pump configurations such as single, series and parallel
2. To understand the principle and operation
3. To obtain the performance data in determining flow rate as well as efficiency.
THEORY AND PRINCIPLE
The main function of a hydraulic pump is to convert mechanical energy into fluid energy.
Fluid energy is the pressure energy that helps in elevating the liquid from the lower level to the
higher level. It also boosts the fluid flow in long pipelines. Pumps are widely used in chemical
processing plants, water supply, ground water construction, drainage system, etc.

The three main types of hydraulic pumps are:

A. The reciprocating pump consisting of a piston moving in a cylinder and presently used for
small quantity of fluid and for high-pressure duties.

B. The rotary pump consisting of intermeshing gears and widely used for oil lubrication
works.

C. The rotodynamic pump consisting of an impeller that rotates to create the pressure increase
the fluid.

The direction of the fluid flow varies as the liquid flows across the impeller blades from
the inlet to the outlet. It may be radial, mixed or axial. The centrifugal pump is the most widely
used rotodynamic hydraulic pump with fluid flowing in radial direction. This consists of an
impeller with a number of curved blades. The liquid enters the center of the impeller which
produces a centrifugal action that forces the liquid to radially flow outward into the spirally-shaped
volute casing wherein a large amount of velocity energy is converted into pressure energy.

There are pumping processes that require installation of more than one pump or a multiple
pump operation. One arrangement is the: pumps in parallel operation, where the flow of fluid is
divided to flow to more than one pump but all pump discharges will meet at one point. This
arrangement doubles the amount of discharge while maintaining the pressure head. Another
arrangement is the pumps in series operation where the discharge from one pump is directed to the
inlet of the next pump. In this arrangement, the discharge rates of the connecting pumps are the
same but the total pressure head is estimated to be twice.

In situations where a high, constant pressure is required, consider adding speed control to
the final pump in a series. This configuration achieves the high pressure that is needed, while
keeping a low flow, because the fixed-speed pump feeds into the speed-controlled pump, which
adjusts its output with a pressure transmitter to add only enough head to maintain a constant
pressure.

Fig.1. Characteristic Pump Curve and Layout of Series Pump Connection

Putting your pumps in parallel, or connected to any number of line branches so that each
handles a division of the flow, will help you reach a low head, high flow operating point that a
single pump cannot supply. Additionally, this system configuration gives you flexibility by
permitting the switching of parallel pumps on or off in order to adjust to variable flow conditions.
Going back to our pump curves, the combined curve for parallel pumps is created from the addition
of the flow capacities of each pump. Two of the same pumps will result in double the flow while
two different pumps will result in the addition of the flows.

4
 Fig.2. Layout of Pumps in Parallel Connection

Fig.3. Two pumps connected in parallel with similar performance curves

Fig.4. Two pumps connected in parallel with unequal performance curves

Pumps operate by some mechanism (typically reciprocating or rotary), and consume

energy to perform mechanical work by moving the fluid. Pumps operate via many energy sources,
including manual operation, electricity, engines, or wind power, come in many sizes, from

5
microscopic for use in medical applications to large industrial pumps. Mechanical pumps serve in
a wide range of applications such as pumping water from wells, aquarium filtering, pond filtering
and aeration, in the car industry for water-cooling and fuel injection, in the energy industry for
pumping oil and natural gas or for operating cooling towers. In the medical industry, pumps are
used for biochemical processes in developing and manufacturing medicine, and as artificial
replacements for body parts, in particular the artificial heart and penile prosthesis.

The type of pump selected for a particular installation should be determined on the basis
of the following fundamental considerations.

1. Yield of the well or water source.

2. Daily needs and instantaneous demand of the users.
3. The “usable water” in the pressure or storage tank.
4. Size and alignment of the well casing.
5. Total operating head pressure of the pump at normal delivery rates, including lift and all
friction losses.
6. Difference in elevation between ground level and water level in the well during pumping.
7. Availability of power.
8. Ease of maintenance and availability of replacement parts.
9. First cost and economy of operation.
10. Reliability of pumping equipment.
Below are the formulae that will be utilized in data gathering:

• Solving for Discharge, 𝑄

ℎ𝑜 = ℎ𝑣 + 0.00085 Eqn. 1
𝑄 = 0.31(ℎ𝑜 )2.5 √2𝑔 Eqn. 2

• Solving for Manometric Head, ℎ𝑚

ℎ𝑚 = (ℎ𝐷 − ℎ𝑆 ) + (1.17 × 105 )(𝑄 2 ) Eqn. 3

6
• Solving for Power Input, 𝑃𝑖𝑛

2𝜋𝑁 𝑔 Eqn. 4
𝑃𝑖𝑛 = 𝑀𝑇 𝐿 ( )( )
60 𝑔𝑐

• Solving for Power Output, 𝑃𝑜𝑢𝑡

𝑔 Eqn. 5
𝑃𝑜𝑢𝑡 = 𝜌𝑄ℎ𝑚 ( )
𝑔𝑐

• Solving for Pump Efficiency

𝑃𝑜𝑢𝑡 Eqn. 6
𝑛= × 100%
𝑃𝑖𝑛

• Solving for Pump Efficiency in Series, 𝑛𝑠

ℎ𝑚𝐴 + ℎ𝑚𝐵 Eqn. 7
𝑛𝑠 = × 100%
ℎ ℎ
( 𝑛𝑚𝐴 ) + ( 𝑛𝑚𝐵 )
𝑝𝐴 𝑝𝐵

• Solving for Pump Efficiency in Parallel, 𝑛𝑃

𝑄𝑇 Eqn. 8
𝑛𝑃 = × 100%
𝑄 𝑄
(𝑛 𝐴 ) + (𝑛 𝐵 )
𝑝𝐴 𝑝𝐵

7
LIST OF APPARATUS
1. Series/Parallel Pump Test Bed

2. Electric Motor

3. Set of Weights

8
PROCEDURES
Single Pump Connection

1. Referring to the Set-Up of Apparatus, utilize the pump at the left. This will be denoted as Pump
A.

2. Close the valve at Pump B and set the valves that will make a single pump connection as guided
in the Set-Up of Apparatus part.
3. Adjust the Vernier hook gauge and set it to zero mm reading. This will be the starting point for
measuring the value ℎ𝑣 .

4. Switch the motor on and manipulate the rotating speed at 1400 rpm. Check if there is a flow at
the weir.

9
5. Apply weights to the torque arm until it became balanced. A marker will indicate that the torque
arm is stable.

6. Let the pump operate until the water level at the caliper stabilize.
7. Re-adjust the Vernier hook gauge to the final height of water level at the caliper. Record the
reading in the data sheet under ℎ𝑣 .

8. Record the suction and discharge gauges under ℎ𝑆 and ℎ𝐷 .

10
9. Turn off the motor and unload the set of weights used. Add the value of set of weights and
record it in the data sheet.

10. Using the formulae in Theory and Analysis part, compute for necessary values.
11. Repeat steps 2-10 using the pump at the right and mark it as Pump B. Before starting for
another trial, wait until the flow at the weir stabilize. Do not dismantle the reference water level of
the caliper as the researcher will use it again in Pump B, Series and Parallel connection.
Series Pump Connection
1. Set the valves that will make a series pump connection as guided in the Set-Up of Apparatus
part.

2. Switch on the motor and adjust the speed to 1400 rpm.

3. Apply weights to the torque arm until it became balanced.

11
4. Let the pump operate until the water level at the caliper stabilize.
5. Adjust the Vernier hook gauge to the final height of water level at the caliper. Record the reading
in the data sheet under ℎ𝑣 .

6. Record the suction and discharge gauges under ℎ𝑆 and ℎ𝐷 .

7. Turn off the motor and unload the set of weights used. Add the value of set of weights as a
reference for calculations.
8. Calculate the necessary data and record it in the data sheet.
Parallel Pump Connection
1. Set the valves that will make a parallel pump connection as guided in the Set-Up of Apparatus
part.
2. Switch on the motor and adjust the speed to 1400 rpm.

3. Apply weights to the torque arm until it became balanced.

4. Let the pump operate until the water level at the caliper stabilize.

12
5. Adjust the Vernier hook gauge to the final height of water level at the caliper. Record the reading
in the data sheet under ℎ𝑣 .

6. Turn off the motor and unload the set of weights used. Add the value of set of weights as a
reference for calculations.

7. Calculate the total discharge of the pumps at parallel connection using the value of ℎ𝑣 and
compare it to the value of sum of discharge of pumps A and B.
8. Fill up the data sheet by calculating the necessary data.

13
SET-UP OF APPARATUS

14
FINAL DATA SHEET

COMPUTATIONS
Pump A
Data:

𝑁 = 1600 𝑟𝑝𝑚 ℎ𝐷𝐴 = 1.2 𝑚

ℎ𝑣 = 61 𝑚𝑚 = 0.061 𝑚 𝑀𝑇 = 0.882 𝑘𝑔
ℎ𝑆𝐴 = −1.7 𝑚 𝐿 = 0.25 𝑚

• Solving for Discharge, 𝑄

ℎ𝑜 = ℎ𝑣 + 0.00085 = 0.061 + 0.00085 = 0.06185 𝑚

𝑚3
𝑄 = 0.31(ℎ𝑜 )2.5 √2𝑔 = 0.31(0.06185) 2.5 √2(9.81)
= 1.306 × 10 −3
𝑠
• Solving for Manometric Head, ℎ𝑚

ℎ𝑚 = (ℎ𝐷 − ℎ𝑆 ) + (1.17 × 105 )(𝑄2 )

= (1.2 − (−1.7)) + (1.17 × 105 )(1.306 × 10−3 )2

ℎ𝑚 = 3.0997 𝑚

• Solving for Power Input, 𝑃𝑖𝑛

15
 𝑚
2𝜋𝑁 𝑔 (0.882 𝑘𝑔)(0.25 𝑚)(2𝜋)(1600) 9.81 𝑠2
𝑃𝑖𝑛 = 𝑀𝑇 𝐿 ( )( ) = ( )
60 𝑔𝑐 60𝑠 𝑘𝑔 − 𝑚
1
𝑁 − 𝑠2
𝑃𝑖𝑛 = 363.4671 𝑊

• Solving for Power Output, 𝑃𝑜𝑢𝑡

𝑚
𝑔 𝑘𝑔 𝑚3 9.81 2
𝑃𝑜𝑢𝑡 = 𝜌𝑄ℎ𝑚 ( ) = (1000 3 ) (1.306 × 10 −3
) (3.0997 𝑚) ( 𝑠 )
𝑔𝑐 𝑚 𝑠 𝑘𝑔 − 𝑚
1
𝑁 − 𝑠2
𝑃𝑜𝑢𝑡 = 39.7232 𝑊

• Solving for Pump Efficiency of Pump A, 𝑛

𝑃𝑜𝑢𝑡 39.7232 𝑊
𝑛= × 100% = × 100% → 𝑛 = 10.93%
𝑃𝑖𝑛 363.4671 𝑊

Pump B
Data:

𝑁 = 1600 𝑟𝑝𝑚 ℎ𝐷𝐵 = 0.7 𝑚

ℎ𝑣 = 64 𝑚𝑚 = 0.064 𝑚 𝑀𝑇 = 1.1 𝑘𝑔
ℎ𝑆𝐵 = −2.00 𝑚 𝐿 = 0.25 𝑚

• Solving for Discharge, 𝑄

ℎ𝑜 = ℎ𝑣 + 0.00085 = 0.064 + 0.00085 = 0.06485 𝑚

𝑚3
𝑄 = 0.31(ℎ𝑜 )2.5 √2𝑔 = 0.31(0.06485)2.5 √2(9.81) = 1.4706 × 10−3
𝑠
• Solving for Manometric Head, ℎ𝑚

ℎ𝑚 = (ℎ𝐷 − ℎ𝑆 ) + (1.17 × 105 )(𝑄2 )

= (0.7 − (−2)) + (1.17 × 105 )(1.4706 × 10−3 )2

ℎ𝑚 = 2.9530 𝑚

• Solving for Power Input, 𝑃𝑖𝑛

16
 𝑚
2𝜋𝑁 𝑔 (1.1 𝑘𝑔)(0.25 𝑚)(2𝜋)(1600) 9.81 𝑠2
𝑃𝑖𝑛 = 𝑀𝑇 𝐿 ( )( ) = ( )
60 𝑔𝑐 60𝑠 𝑘𝑔 − 𝑚
1
𝑁 − 𝑠2
𝑃𝑖𝑛 = 452.7904 𝑊

• Solving for Power Output, 𝑃𝑜𝑢𝑡

𝑚
𝑔 𝑘𝑔 𝑚3 9.81 2
𝑃𝑜𝑢𝑡 = 𝜌𝑄ℎ𝑚 ( ) = (1000 3 ) (1.4706 × 10−3
) (2.9530 𝑚) ( 𝑠 )
𝑔𝑐 𝑚 𝑠 𝑘𝑔 − 𝑚
1
𝑁 − 𝑠2
𝑃𝑜𝑢𝑡 = 42.6011 𝑊

• Solving for Pump Efficiency of Pump A, 𝑛

𝑃𝑜𝑢𝑡 42.6011 𝑊
𝑛= × 100% = × 100% → 𝑛 = 9.4086 %
𝑃𝑖𝑛 452.7904 𝑊

Pumps in Series
Data:

𝑁 = 1600 𝑟𝑝𝑚 ℎ𝑆𝐵 = −1.50 𝑚

ℎ𝑆𝐴 = −2 𝑚 ℎ𝐷𝐵 = 1 𝑚
ℎ𝐷𝐴 = 0 𝑚 𝑚3
𝑄 = 1.3063 × 10−3
𝑠

• Solving for the Manometric Head of Pump A, ℎ𝑚𝐴

ℎ𝑚𝐴 = (ℎ𝐷𝐴 − ℎ𝑆𝐴 ) + (1.17 × 105 )(𝑄 2 )
= (0 − (−2)) + (1.17 × 105 )(1.3063 × 10−3 )2
ℎ𝑚𝐴 = 2.1997 𝑚
• Solving for Manometric Head of Pump B, ℎ𝑚𝐵

ℎ𝑚𝐵 = (ℎ𝐷𝐵 − ℎ𝑆𝐵 ) + (1.17 × 105 )(𝑄2 )

= (1 − (−1.50)) + (1.17 × 105 )(1.3063 × 10−3 )2

ℎ𝑚𝐵 = 2.6997 𝑚

• Solving for Pump Efficiency in Series, 𝑛𝑠

17
 ℎ𝑚𝐴 + ℎ𝑚𝐵 2.1997 𝑚 + 2.6997 𝑚
𝑛𝑠 = × 100% = × 100%
ℎ𝑚𝐴 ℎ𝑚𝐵 2.1997 𝑚 2.6997 𝑚
(𝑛 ) + (𝑛 ) ( 0.1093 ) + ( 0.09408 )
𝑝𝐴 𝑝𝐵

𝑛𝑠 = 10.0354 %

Pumps in Parallel
Data:

𝑁 = 1600 𝑟𝑝𝑚
ℎ𝑣 = 63.5 𝑚𝑚 = 0.0635 𝑚

• Solving for the Discharge, 𝑄𝑇

−3
𝑚3 −3
𝑚3 −3
𝑚3
𝑄𝑇 = 𝑄𝐴 + 𝑄𝐵 = 1.3063 × 10 + 1.4706 × 10 = 2.7769 × 10
𝑠 𝑠 𝑠
• Solving for Pump Efficiency in Parallel, 𝑛𝑃

𝑚3
𝑄𝑇 2.7769 × 10−3 𝑠
𝑛𝑃 = × 100% = × 100%
𝑄 𝑄 𝑚3 𝑚3
(𝑛 𝐴 ) + (𝑛 𝐵 ) 1.3063 × 10−3 𝑠 1.4706 × 10−3 𝑠
𝑝𝐴 𝑝𝐵 ( )+( )
0.1093 0.09486

𝑛𝑠 = 10.06 %

18
DISCUSSION OF RESULT

The experiment was divided into 4 experimentations, testing pumps A and B in a single
pump configuration, series and parallel connections. In the first configuration, single pump
connection, the discharge of Pump B is greater than the discharge of Pump A. In terms of
manometric head, Pump B has a larger value compared to Pump A. The power input of Pump B
is also larger than of Pump A since the mass of weights used at pump B is greater than pump A.
For the water power, pump A delivers lesser water power compared to pump B. More significantly,
pump B is more efficient than pump although the motor have the same rotating speed (constant
1400 rpm) as it consumes more power input based on the data gathered by the researcher. The
efficiency was affected by the amount of power input, total head, and the discharge as we plot it
on a pump characteristic curve. There is a certain point that optimizes the amount of power, total
head, and discharge which is the operating point. For an efficient pumping, the pump characteristic
curve is a guide to what conditions that will make the pump efficiency maximum.

In series connection, the amount of discharge of the pump A is equal to pump B. The head
varies between the pumps when operated together and set to series configuration. On the other
hand, in parallel connection, the amount of discharge from pump A is almost the same for pump
B. However, the head of pump A is the same as of pump B which is disregarded in this part of
experiment. Using the formula of the discharge from theory and principle part, it was computed
and compared to the value of the sum of discharges of pumps A and B which is imprecise since
there are factors that affect the data gathered by the researcher. Comparing the pump efficiencies
of series and parallel configuration, the pump efficiency in series is slightly greater than the
efficiency at parallel configuration. Based on the data gathered, the amount of head in series
connection of pumps lifts the amount of head while its discharge is equal among the pumps.
Similarly, in parallel connection of pumps, the amount of discharge was increased following that
the head remains constant.

19
QUESTION AND ANSWERS
1. What are the advantages of using a pump in series connection?

Series connected pumps generally require less horsepower than one large pump meeting
the same condition point. Pumps are smaller, easier to maintain, and more manageable, versus a
larger centrifugal pump. Centrifugal pumps in series allows for operation at lower speeds. This, in
and of itself, has additional ancillary benefits:

- Reduced wear

- Lower energy consumption

- Increased reliability and longer life

2. What are the advantages of using pump in parallel connection?

Pumps in Parallel Connection provides up to 90% redundancy of the design flow with a single
pump, which equates to significant standby protection that supports the system when one pump is
down. Since heat transfer varies as a square function of flow, a single pump operating to supply a
process is very close to design heat transfer rates, which further increases system redundancy. It
also reduces the motor size required for a standalone pump, making this redundancy cost effective.
In some cases, electrical wiring savings can be significant. Pumps in Parallel Connection matches
flow to load better, which means a single large pump is not required to continually pump full flow
against a control valve at high turndown. It saves amps on motor starts for plants that are restricted
by demand charges or electrical entrance limitations.

3. Determine the 3 types of hydraulic pump.

- Reciprocating Pump

- Rotary Pump

- Rotodynamic Pump

4. Two reservoirs are connected by a pipe whose total length is 36 meters. From the upper
reservoir, the pipe is 250 mm ∅ for a length of 12 m and the remaining length is 125 mm ∅. The
entrance and exit of the pipe is sharp and change of section is sudden. The difference in levels of

20
the water in the two large reservoirs is 10m. The friction coefficient, f , is 0.06 for both pipes and
for the sudden contraction between two pipes is KC = 0.3. Find the rate of flow.

1. Minor head loss at entrance

𝑉1 2 𝑉1 2
ℎ𝑚 = 𝐾 = 0.5 = 0.0255 𝑉1 2
2𝑔 2(9.8)

→ 0.00255 [0.25 𝑉2 ]2 = 1.59 × 10−3 𝑉2 2

2. Friction loss in pipe 1

𝑓1 𝐿1 𝑉1 2 0.06(12)𝑉1 2
ℎ𝑓1 = = = 0.147 𝑉1 2
𝑑1 . 2𝑔 0.25(2)(9.8)

→ 0.147 [0.25 𝑉2 ]2 = 9.19 × 10−3 𝑉2 2

3. Minor head loss due to contraction

𝑉2 2 𝑉2 2
ℎ𝑚 = 𝐾𝑐 = 0.3 = 0.0153 𝑉2 2
2𝑔 2(9.8)

4. Friction loss in pipe 2

𝑓2 𝐿2 𝑉2 2 0.06(24)𝑉2 2
ℎ𝑓2 = = = 0.588 𝑉2 2
𝑑2 . 2𝑔 0.125(2)(9.8)

21
 5. Minor head loss at free exit

𝑉2 2 𝑉2 2
ℎ𝑚 = 𝐾𝑒 =1 × = 0.051 𝑉2 2
2𝑔 2(9.8)

∑ℎ𝐿𝑇 = 0.6651 𝑉2 2

Bernoulli’s Equation between A& B;

𝑉𝐴 2 𝑃𝐴 𝑉𝐵 2 𝑃𝐵
+ + 𝑍𝐴 − ∑ℎ𝐿𝑇 = + + 𝑍𝐵
2𝑔 𝛾 2𝑔 𝛾
Point B as datum;

0 + 0 + 10𝑚 − ∑ℎ𝐿𝑇 = 0 + 0 + 0

10𝑚 − ∑ℎ𝐿𝑇 = 0

10𝑚 − 0.6651 𝑉2 2 = 0

10
𝑉2 = √
0.6651

𝑚
𝑉2 = 3.88
𝑠𝑒𝑐

∴ 𝑄2 = 𝐴2 × 𝑉2
𝜋 𝑚
𝑄2 = (0.125)2 × 3.88
4 𝑠𝑒𝑐
𝑚3
𝑄2 = 0.0476
𝑠𝑒𝑐
𝐿
𝑄2 = 47.60
𝑠𝑒𝑐

5. A 300 mm pipeline 1500 m long is laid between two reservoirs having a difference of surface
elevation of 24. The maximum discharge obtainable through this line is 0.15m3 /sec. When this
pipe is looped with a 600 m pipe of the same size and material laid parallel and connected to it,
what increase of discharge may be expected?

22
 ℎ𝐿 = 𝐾𝑄 2 → 24 = 𝐾(0.15)2 → 𝐾 = 1067
𝐿2 600
𝐹𝑜𝑟 𝑙𝑜𝑜𝑝𝑒𝑑 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛, 𝐾𝐴 = 𝐾= (1067) = 427
𝐿 1500
𝐿 − 𝐿2 1500 − 600
𝐹𝑜𝑟 𝑢𝑛𝑙𝑜𝑜𝑝𝑒𝑑 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛, 𝐾 ′ = ×𝐾 = × 1067 = 640
𝐿 1500
𝐹𝑜𝑟 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑙𝑜𝑜𝑝𝑒𝑑 𝑝𝑖𝑝𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒, 𝑡ℎ𝑒 ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑑𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠 𝑖𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑢𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑓𝑖𝑟𝑠𝑡 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒

𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑚𝑜𝑛 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑝𝑙𝑢𝑠 𝑏𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑐ℎ 𝐴 𝑎𝑠,

ℎ𝐿 = 𝐾 ′ 𝑄 2 + 𝐾𝐴 𝑄𝐴2 → 24 = 640𝑄 2 + 427𝑄𝐴2

𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑚𝑜𝑛 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑝𝑙𝑢𝑠 𝑏𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑐ℎ 𝐵,

24 = 640𝑄 2 + 427𝑄𝐵2

𝑄𝐴 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑄𝐵 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑙 𝑏𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑐ℎ𝑒𝑠. 𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑏𝑦 𝑠𝑢𝑏𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛:

𝑄
𝑄 = 𝑄𝐴 + 𝑄𝐵 = 𝑄𝐴 + 𝑄𝐴 = 2𝑄𝐴 → 𝑄𝐴 =
2
24 = 640(2𝑄𝐴 )2 + 427𝑄𝐴2

𝑚3 𝑚3
24 = 2987𝑄𝐴2 → 𝑄𝐴 = 0.09 ; 𝑄 = 0.18
𝑠 𝑠
𝑚3 𝑚3 𝑚3
0.18 − 0.15 = 0.03
𝑠 𝑠 𝑠
𝑚3
∴ 𝐼𝑡 𝑤𝑖𝑙𝑙 𝑔𝑎𝑖𝑛 0.03 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒 𝑐𝑎𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦.
𝑠

23
CONCLUSION

The main objectives of this experiment are to familiarize with the pump configuration such
as singly, series and parallel, to understand the principle and operation and to determine the
performance data in flow rate as well as efficiency. These objectives were met after doing the
experiment.
The researcher already have a background how pumps such as centrifugal and rotary pumps
operate but in this experiment, there are some variations that the pump was operated in terms of
configuration. The researcher was able to familiarize several types of configuration of pumps:
single configuration, series and parallel connections. It has a significant application in the industry
and power generation. In a single configuration, one pump only delivers the fluid from the suction
to the discharge. The purpose of setting the pumps in a series configuration is to increase the
amount of head of fluid to be delivered following the same amount of discharge for each pump.
Parallel configuration increases the amount of discharge and the amount of head is the same for
all pumps connected in parallel.
This experiment gives the researcher prior knowledge in order to design whether it is an
industrial plant or a power plant. The researcher should consider these types of connections so that
the amount of power input will be optimized by following the operating point under the pump
characteristic curve. More importantly, the efficiency of the pump indicates that the performance
of the pump is considerable in industrial application aside from the condition of the equipment and
its operating conditions.

24
REFERENCES

• Advantages of Parallel Pumping. (2018). Retrieved from

https://www.plantengineering.com/single-article/advantages-of-parallel-
pumping/5b32b9ff2233c1df03dd682691585d27.html
• Pumps. (2018). Retrieved from https://blog.craneengineering.net/benefits-of-pumping-in-
series-with-centrifugal-pumps
• Pump Operations. (2018). Retrieved from https://blog.craneengineering.net/operating-
centrifugal-pumps-in-series-or-parallel
• Pump Hydraulics. (2018). Retrieved from
http://web.itu.edu.tr/~bulu/hydraulics_files/lecture_notes_03.pdf
• Fluid Machinery. (2018). Retrieved from https://nptel.ac.in/courses/Webcourse-contents/IIT-
KANPUR/machine/chapter_8/8_10.html

25