Digital Electronics and Pulse Technique Lab

Marks 60

Time: 1 Hour

Student Name: Md Ridoy

ID:CSE1802014012
Section: 14A(Hajiganj)
Marks obtained:

Viva questions (20 Marks)

1. What are the various terminals of op-amp 741 IC?

The IC 741 is a small chip. It comprises eight pins. 2, 3 and 6 numbered pins are
most significant.
Pin 2 is inverting terminal
Pin 3 is no-ninverting terminal
Pin 6 is operating terminal
2. What is the operating voltage range of IC 741?
+/-15 volts
3. What would be the output shape for a “Square wave” input of an integrator?

4. What would be the output shape for a “Sine wave” input of a differentiator?
Ans: The output of an integrator is out of phase by 180o with respect to the input, since the input is
applied to the inverting input terminal of the op-amp. Integrating circuits are generally used to generate
ramp wave from square wave input.
5. What is the pulse width of Monostable multivibrator?
This monostable pulse generator IC can be configured to produce an output pulse on either a rising-
edge trigger pulse or a falling-edge trigger pulse. The 74LS121 can produce pulse widths from about
10ns to about 10ms width a maximum timing resistor of 40kΩ and a maximum timing capacitor of
1000uF.
6. Write down some of the applications of Monostable multivibrator?
Ans: The monostable multivibrator is used as delay and timing circuits. It is also used for temporary
memories. It is often used to trigger another pulse generator. It is used for regenerating old and worn out
pulses.
7. State the function of Oscillator.
Ans: An electronic oscillator is an electronic circuit that produces a periodic,
oscillating electronic signal, often a sine wave or a square wave.
8. What is the pulse width of Astable multivibrator??
Ans: 1:1
9. Define Hysteresis?
Ans: the phenomenon in which the value of a physical property lags behind changes in the effect
causing it, as for instance when magnetic induction lags behind the magnetizing force.
10. Write down the uses of capacitor.
Ans:

11. What is resistor?

Ans: A resistor is an electrical component that limits or regulates the flow of electrical current in an
electronic circuit
12. Write down some application of diode?
Ans:

13. What is the main difference between clipper and clamper?

The major difference between clipper and clamper is that clipper is a
limiting circuit which limits the output voltage while clamper is a circuit which
shifts the DC level of output voltage. The clipper and clamper circuits are exactly
opposite to each other regarding their working principle.
14. Write an application of ADC and DAC
 Digital to Analog Converter (DAC) and Its Applications. ... For example, take the
below DSP illustration, an ADC converts the analog data collected by audio input
equipment such as a microphone (sensor), into a digital signal that can be
processed by a computer. The computer may add sound effects.
15: What are the various terminals of 555 timer IC?
Ans: GND Pin. Pin-1 is a GND pin which is used to supply a zero voltage to the IC.
Trigger Pin. Pin-2 is a trigger pin which is used to convert the FF from set to RST (reset). ...

Output Pin. Pin-3 is an output pin.

Reset Pin. ...

Control Voltage Pin. ...

Threshold Pin. ...

Discharge Pin. ...

Supply Terminal.

16. How to define the Amplitude of a signal.

Ans: Amplitude is a measure of the intensity, loudness, power, strength, or volume
level of a signal. In an electrical circuit operating on alternating current
(ac), amplitude is measured as the Voltage (V) level and is expressed as +V and
V, depending on the direction of the current. See also sine wav Amplitude is a
measure of the intensity, loudness, power, strength, or volume level of a signal. In
an electrical circuit operating on alternating current (ac), amplitude is measured
as the Voltage (V) level and is expressed as +V and V, depending on the direction
of the current. See also sine wave.
17. Which electronic device is used to measure the voltage and frequency of a signal.
Ans:
Ammeter (Ampermeter) Measures current
Measures the
Capacitance meter capacitance of a
component
Measures current
Current clamp without physical
connection
Applies swept signals to
Curve tracer a device and allows
display of the response
Measures the power
Cos Phi Meter
factor
18. What is time constant?
Ans: a time which represents the speed with which a particular system can respond to change, typically
equal to the time taken for a specified parameter to vary by a factor of 1− 1/ e (approximately 0.6321).
19. How to calculate the duty cycle of a relaxation oscillator?
Ans: Charge the capacitor faster (or slower) than you discharge it.
For example, replace R1 with this:

simulate this circuit – Schematic created using CircuitLab

Now, when discharging (Vout low), D1 conducts putting R1 and R2 in parallel. This will
reduce the period, but also increase the duty cycle (by decreasing the low period). If you
wanted to reduce teh duty cycle, reverse the diode.
20. Tell the name of some switching devices.
Ans:
 Mechanical Switches. Single Pole Single Throw Switch (SPST) Single Pole Double
Throw Switch (SPDT) Double Pole Single Throw Switch (DPST) Double Pole Double
Throw Switch (DPDT) Push Button Switch. Toggle Switch. Limit Switch. Float Switches. ...
 Electronic Switches. Bipolar Transistors. Power Diode. MOSFET. IGBT. SCR. TRIAC. DIAC.

Lab Question (40 Marks)

Question 01: See the circuit
 Write down:

a) The Name of the circuit.

b) Equipment’s required to design in lab.

c) draw the Corresponding input output wave shape.

Question 02: Consider the circuit.

Write down

a) Name of the circuit.

b) Apparatuses required to design in lab.

c) Corresponding input and output wave shape:

Ans:

a) Differentiator
b)

Project board – 1pcs

Opamp (741) – 1pcs

 Resistor (159Rodh,1.5k.rodh,1krodh) – each one

Capacitor (0.01uf) – 1 pcs

Signal genaretor – 1unit

Oscilloscope – 1unit

Dc power supply – 2unit

Multimeter – 1unit

Chords & wire - lots

Question 03: 555 IC timer circuit acts as an Astable multivibrator. A simple OPAMP Astable
multivibrator is also called square wave generator and free running oscillator. The principle for the
generation of square wave output is to force an OP-AMP to operate in the saturation region β=R2/
(R1+R2) of the output is feedback to input. The output is also feedback to the negative input terminal
after integrating by means of a RC LPF whenever the negative input just exceeds Vref, switching takes
place resulting in a square wave output. In Astable multivibrator both states are quasi stable states.
When the output is +Vsat, the capacitor is now starts charging towards +Vsat through resistance R the
voltage is held at +βVsat. This condition continuous until the charge on C just exceed Vsat. Then the
capacitor begins to dis charge towards– Vsat. Then the capacitor charges more and more negatively until
its voltage just– βVsat.
Design the circuit of the timer 555 IC as an Astable multivibrator with corresponding input output
waveforms.
Ans:
Question 04: See the input and output wave form or an inverting Op-Amp circuit.

a) Design an Inverting amplifier using 741 Op-amp.

b) Write down the apparatus required to design the circuit in lab.
c) How to calculate its voltage gain?

a) Ans :
b)

C)

For example, if an amplifier takes in an AC voltage signal measuring 2 volts RMS

and outputs an AC voltage of 30 volts RMS, it has an AC voltage gain of 30 divided
by 2, or 15: Correspondingly, if we know the gain of an amplifier and the magnitude
of the input signal, we can calculate the magnitude of the output.