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JIS 0601 - Surface Roughness PDF
JIS 0601 - Surface Roughness PDF
Rz(h)
f2
Rz(h)= ×10
3
8R(rε) R
(rε)
Rz(h):Theoretical Surface Roughness〔μm〕
f:Feed Rate〔mm/rev〕
R(rε):Corner Radius of Insert〔mm〕
Rp
0.1 0.4 0.4
Ry
line of the roughness curve.
Rz 0.2 0.8 0.8
Rv
ℓ
0.4 1.6 1.6
0.8 3.2 3.2
1.6 6.3 6.3
Rz=Rp+Rv
3.2 12.5 12.5
Rz is obtained from the total in micron meter m
6.3 25 25
Yp1
Yp4
Yp3
Yv5
Yp2
Yv5
Yv1
Yv4
ℓ
from the highest one, and the mean value of 25 100 100
Roughness
m
line direction and Y-axis to the vertical
Ra
1 ℓ
Ra= {
ℓ 0 ∫
f(x)}dx
Rz6.3~1.6
V=
(when upper limit is 6.3μmRa, lower limit is 1.6μmRa) 1.6 ②When indicating both lower and upper limit 1000
R3
FC-24 1
1. Varieties of Surface Roughness Indicators 1. Positions of Auxiliary Symbols for Surface Symbol
Definitions and presentations of arithmetic average roughness(Ra), maximum height(Ry), 10 spot average roughness(Rz), average concave to A surface roughness value, cut-off value or reference length, machining method, grain direction, surface undulation, etc. are
convex distance(Sm), average distance between local peaks S and load length rate tp are given as parameters indicating the surface roughness indicated around the surface symbol as shown in Fig. 1 below.
of an industrial product. Surface roughness is the arithmetical average of values at randomly extracted spots on the surface of an object.
Fig. 1 Positions of Auxiliary Symbols
[Centerline average roughness(Ra75)is defined in the supplements to JIS B 0031 and JIS B 0601.]
a : Ra Value
b : Machining Method
Typical calculations of surface roughness b
f c : Cut-Off Value, Evaluation Length
Arithmetic Average Roughness Ra Y Ra =
1 ℓ
f ( ) dx
a c c'
c' : Reference Length, Evaluation Length
ℓ 0 e d g e d g
A portion stretching over a reference length in the direction in which the m
d : Grain Direction
average line extends is cut out from the roughness curve. This portion f : Parameter other than Ra(tp:Parameter/Cut-Off Level)
is presented in a new graph with the X axis extending in the same
Ra
g : Surface Undulation(JIS B 0610)
direction as the average line and the Y axis representing the magnitude. 0 X
Reference These symbols except a and f are provided when they are needed.
Ra is represented by the equation shown at right, in microns(μm).
ℓ Reference Under ISO 1302, a finish range should be indicated as e in Fig. 1.
Rp
Ry
between the peak line and the trough line is measured in the direction in the drawing.
which the magnitude axis extends, in microns(μm). Ex. Shaped Surface
Trace Left by a Cutting Instrument Removal of Material by Machining is required
Rv
Reference A portion without an abnormally high peak or abnormally low trough,
which may be regarded as a flaw, is cut out over the reference length. Ry=Rp+Rv
Yp 4
A portion stretching over a reference length in the direction in which plane in the drawing.
Yp 2
Yp 5
Yp 3
the average line extends is cut out from the roughness curve. The Ex. Shaped Surface(Side View)
Y V3
Y V4
Y V5
average of the levels(Yp)of the highest peak to the fifth highest peak as Circular Cut, Cylindrical Cut
ℓ
measured from the average line and the average of the levels(Yp)of the
lowest trough to the fifth lowest trough similarly measured in the said Yp1 + Yp2 + Yp3 + Yp4 +Yp5 + Yv1 + Yv2 + Yv3 + Yv4 + Yv5
Upper Limit of Ra
Rz= The pattern left by a cutting instrument
portion are added together. Rz is this sum, in microns(μm). 5 (a) (b) (c)
Yp1, Yp2, Yp3, Yp4, Yp5 : Levels of the highest peak to the fifth highest peak in the
diagonally crosses the projection plane
said portion with the reference length ℓ. in the drawing. 25 6.3 25
Yv1, Yv2, Yv3, Yv4, Yv5 : Levels of the lowest trough to the fifth lowest trough in the Ex. Honed Surface
Trace Left by a Cutting Instrument
said portion with the reference length ℓ.
25 6.3 25
The pattern left by a cutting instrument
Reference Relation between Arithmetic Average Roughness(Ra)and Conventional Parameters crosses in various directions or has no
grain direction. Grain Direction
Arithmetic Average Roughness Maximum Height Ten-spot Average Reference Length
Ra Ry Roughness Rz Conventional
of Ry(Rz) Ex. Lapped Surface, Superfinished
Finish Symbol
Standard Series Cut-off Value
c(mm) Graphical Representation of Surface Texture Standard Series ℓ(mm) Surface and Surface Finished
0.012 a 0.08 0.05 s 0.05 z with a Front Mill or End Mill
0.08
0.025 a 0.1 s 0.1 z
0.05 a 0.25 0.012 ~ 0.2 0.2 s 0.2 z The pattern left by a cutting
Upper and Lower Limits of Ra
0.1 a 0.4 s 0.4 z 0.25 instrument is virtually concentric
0.2 a 0.8 s 0.8 z around the center of the plane in the
(a) (b)
2839 2840
φ
Standard values tolerance contained a cylinder of 0.08mm diameter.
φt
of of standard length 0.25 0.8 2.5 8 25
surface (mm) The tolerance zone is a zone held This surface shall be contained
roughness between two parallel planes a between two parallel planes
Triangular indication ▽▽▽▽ ▽▽▽ ▽▽ ▽ − 0.08
Flatness distance t apart. 0.08mm apart.
Forging Precision tolerance
t
Casting Precision t The tolerance zone in the considered 0.1 The circumference in any section
plane is a zone between two concentric normal to the axis shall be contained
Die casting Circularity circles a distance t apart. between two concentric circles
tolerance 0.1mm apart on the same plane.
Hot rolling Form
tolerance
t
The tolerance zone is a zone The considered surface shall be
Cold rolling contained between two coaxial 0.1 contained between two coaxial
Drawing Cylindricity cylinder surfaces a distance t apart. cylinder surfaces 0.1mm apart.
tolerance
Extruding
The tolerance zone is a zone held In any cross-section parallel to the projection
Tumbling between two lines enveloping circles of 0.04 plane the considered profile shall be contained
t
φ
Profile tolerance diameter t, the centers of between two lines enveloping circles of 0.04mm
Sandblasting
of line which are situated on a theoretically
exact profile line.
in diameter, the centers of which are situated on
a line having the theoretically exact profile.
Rolling
The tolerance zone is a zone held The considered surface shall be contained
between the two surfaces enveloping 0.02 between two surfaces enveloping the
Face cutter grinding Precision
Profile tolerance the spheres of diameter t, the centers spheres of diameter 0.02mm, the centers
Planing of surface t
Sφ of which are situated on a theoretically
exact profile surface.
of which are situated on a surface having
the theoretically exact profile.
Carving
(Slotting) The tolerance zone is a zone held 0.01 A The surface shown by the arrow of the leader
between two parallel planes parallel line shall be contained between two planes
t
Cutter grinding Precision Parallelism to the datum plane and a distance t parallel to the datum plane A and 0.01mm
Precision boring tolerance apart from each other. apart from each other in the direction of the
arrow of the leader line.
A
Filing Precision φt Where symbol φis attached before the numerical φ The axis of the cylinder shown by
φ0.01 A
Orientation value indicating the tolerance, the tolerance zone the arrow of the leader line shall
Round grinding Precision Fine Medium Rough Perpendicularity is a zone within a cylinder of diameter t be contained within a cylinder of
Working tolerance
tolerance perpendicular to the datum plane. diameter 0.01mm perpendicular
method Boring Precision A to the datum plane A.
t The tolerance zone is a zone held between 0.08 A The surface shown by the arrow of the leader line
Drilling two parallel planes inclined at the specified shall be contained between two parallel planes
Angularity
which are inclined at 40°with theoretical exactness
angle to the datum plane and a distance t 40°
Reaming Precision to the datum plane A and which are
α
tolerance apart from each other. 0.08mm apart from each other in the direction
Precision A of the arrow of the leader line.
Broach grinding
The tolerance zone is a zone within a circle or B φ0.03 AB The point shown by the arrow of the leader
Shaving line shall be contained within a circle of
t
sphere of diameter t having its center at the
Positional
0.03mm diameter having its center at the
60
theoretically exact location, hereinafter referred to true location 60mm and 100mm apart,
True
Grinding Precision Fine Medium Rough tolerance location as the“true location”.
100
A
respectively,from the datum straight line
A and from the datum straight line B.
Precision
Hone finishing Coaxiality Where symbol φ is attached before the numerical φ0.01 A The axis shown by the arrow of the
tolerance
A
φt
Super finishing Precision Location value indicating the tolerance, the tolerance zone leader line shall be contained within
or is a zone within a cylinder of diameter t whose a cylinder of 0.01mm diameter
tolerance concentricity axis agrees with the datum axial straight line. whose axis agrees with the
Buffing Precision
tolerance datum axial straight line A.
Paper finishing Precision The tolerance zone is a zone held between
0.08 A
The median surface shown by the arrow of
A
two parallel planes a distance t apart from the leader line shall be contained between
t
Lapping Precision Symmetry each other and arranged symmetrically about two parallel planes 0.08mm apart from
Liquid honing Precision tolerance the datum median plane. each other and arranged symmetrically
about the datum median plane A.
Measuring plane The tolerance is a zone between two concentric 0.1 A−B The run-out in the radial direction of the cylinder
Burnishing circles whose centers agree surface shown by the arrow of the leader line
t
with the datum axial straight line on any
Circular run-out
φ
shall not exceed 0.1mm on any measuring plane
φ
Surface rolling measuring plane normal to the datum axial normal to the datum axial straight line when the
Toleranced straight line and which are a distance t apart
tolerance surface from each other in the radial direction. cylinder is rotated by one rotation about the
Electric discharge carving Run-out A B datum axial straight line A-B.
tolerance The tolerance zone is a zone between two 0.1 A−B The total radial run-out of the cylinder surface
Wire cut electric spark coaxial cylinders having axes agreeing with shown by the arrow of the leader line shall not
Total run-out
φ
the datum axial straight line and a distance exceed 0.1mm at any point on the cylinder
Chemical polishing Precision surface when the cylinder part is rotated about
tolerance t apart from each other in the radial direction.
A B
the datum axial straight line A-B with a relative
movement in the axial direction.
Electrolytic abrasion Precision
Lines used in the drawings in the column of“definition of tolerance zone”indicate the following meanings:
Thick solid line or broken line:Feature Thin alternate long and short dash line:Center line
Thick alternate long and short dash line:Datum Thin alternate long and two short dashes line:Supplementary projection plane or sectional plane
Thin solid line or broken line:Tolerance zone Thick alternate long and two short dashes line:Projection of a feature to supplementary Projection plane or sectional plane
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