4.

5 CARGA (𝐙̇) TRIFASICA EQUILIBRADA

̇ = 𝑍𝑓2
𝑍𝑓1 ̇ = 𝑍𝑓3
̇ = 𝑍̇ = 𝑅 ± 𝑗𝑋 = 𝑍∠ ± 𝜑

1.- CONEXIÓN DELTA

Sea 𝑉𝐿 SEC ABC

𝐿 . 𝐺. 𝑑𝑒 𝑂. 1𝑟𝑎 𝐿. 𝑑𝑒 𝐾. 𝑆𝑍̇ = 𝑉̇ ⋇ 𝐼 ̇ = 𝑃 ± 𝑗𝑄

̇
𝑉𝐴𝐵 𝑉𝐿
̇ = 𝑉𝐿 ∠120°𝑉
𝑉𝐴𝐵 ̇ =
𝐼𝐴𝐵 = ∠120 ∓ 𝜑° 𝐼𝐴̇ = 𝐼𝐴𝐵
̇ − 𝐼𝐶𝐴
̇ ̇ = 𝑉𝐿 𝐼𝐹 ∠ ∓ 𝜑 = 𝑃 ∓ 𝑗𝑄
𝑆𝐴𝐵
𝑍̇ 𝑍
𝑉̇𝐵𝐶 𝑉𝐿
𝑉̇𝐵𝐶 = 𝑉𝐿 ∠0°𝑉 ̇
𝐼𝐵𝐶 = = ∠ ∓ 𝜑° 𝐼𝐵̇ = 𝐼𝐵𝐶
̇ − 𝐼𝐴𝐵
̇ ̇ = 𝑉𝐿 𝐼𝐹 ∠ ∓ 𝜑 = 𝑃 ∓ 𝑗𝑄
𝑆𝐵𝐶
𝑍̇ 𝑍
𝑉̇𝐶𝐴 𝑉𝐿
𝑉̇𝐶𝐴 = 𝑉𝐿 ∠ − 120𝑉 ̇ =
𝐼𝐶𝐴 = ∠ − 120 ∓ 𝜑° 𝐼𝐶̇ = 𝐼𝐶𝐴
̇ − 𝐼𝐵𝐶
̇ ̇ = 𝑉𝐿 𝐼𝐹 ∠ ∓ 𝜑 = 𝑃 ∓ 𝑗𝑄
𝑆𝐶𝐴
𝑍̇ 𝑍

𝑺̇𝑻 = 𝑺̇𝑨𝑩 + 𝑺̇𝑩𝑪 + 𝑺̇𝑪𝑨 = 𝟑𝑷 ∓ 𝒋𝟑𝑸

𝑽𝑳
𝑽 𝑳 = 𝑽𝑭 𝑰𝒇 = 𝑰𝑳 = √𝟑 𝑰𝒇
𝒁

EJEMPLO 𝑉𝐿 = 380 𝑉 𝑆𝑒𝑐 𝐴𝐵𝐶 𝑍̇ = 38∠75° = 9.34 + 𝑗36.71 Ω

380∠120°
̇ = 380∠120°𝑉
𝑉𝐴𝐵 ̇ =
𝐼𝐴𝐵 = 10∠45° 𝐴 𝐼𝐴̇ = 𝐼𝐴𝐵
̇ − 𝐼𝐶𝐴
̇ = 17.31∠15°𝐴
38∠75°
380∠0°
𝑉̇𝐵𝐶 = 380∠0°𝑉 ̇ =
𝐼𝐵𝐶 = 10∠ − 75° 𝐴 𝐼𝐵̇ = 𝐼𝐵𝐶
̇ − 𝐼𝐴𝐵 ̇ = 17.31∠ − 105°𝐴
38∠75°
380∠ − 120°
𝑉̇𝐶𝐴 = 380∠ − 120𝑉 𝐼𝐶𝐴 ̇ = = 10∠ − 195° 𝐴 𝐼𝐶̇ = 𝐼𝐶𝐴̇ − 𝐼𝐵𝐶̇ = 17.3∠135°𝐴
38∠75°
̇ = 𝑆𝐵𝐶
𝑆𝐴𝐵 ̇ = 𝑆𝐶𝐴̇ = 380 ∗ 10∠ − 75° = 3800∠ − 75° = 983.5 − 𝑗3670.5

𝑺̇𝑻 = 𝟑 𝑆𝑓̇ = 𝟏𝟏𝟒𝟎𝟎∠ − 𝟕𝟓° = 𝟐𝟗𝟓𝟎. 𝟓 − 𝒋𝟏𝟏𝟎𝟏𝟏. 𝟓

2. CONEXIÓN ESTRELLA 4H

Sea 𝑉𝐿 Sec ABC 𝐿 . 𝐺. 𝑑𝑒 𝑂. 𝑆𝑍̇ = 𝑉̇ ⋇ 𝐼 ̇ = 𝑃 ± 𝑗𝑄

̇
𝑉𝐴𝑁 𝑉𝐿
̇ = 𝑉𝐿 ∠120°𝑉
𝑉𝐴𝐵 ̇ = 𝑉𝐹 ∠90°𝑉
𝑉𝐴𝑁 𝐼𝐴̇ = = ∠90 ∓ 𝜑𝐴 𝑆𝐴̇ = 𝑉𝐹 𝐼𝐹 ∠ ∓ 𝜑 = 𝑃 ∓ 𝑗𝑄
𝑍̇ √3𝑍
𝑉̇𝐵𝑁 𝑉𝐿
𝑉̇𝐵𝐶 = 𝑉𝐿 ∠0°𝑉 𝑉̇𝐵𝑁 = 𝑉𝐹 ∠ − 30°𝑉 𝐼𝐵̇ = = ∠30 ∓ 𝜑𝐴 𝑆𝐵̇ = 𝑉𝐹 𝐼𝐹 ∠ ∓ 𝜑 = 𝑃 ∓ 𝑗𝑄
𝑍̇ √3𝑍
𝑉̇𝐶𝑁 𝑉𝐿
𝑉̇𝐶𝐴 = 𝑉𝐿 ∠ − 120𝑉 𝑉̇𝐶𝑁 = 𝑉𝐹 ∠ − 150°𝑉 𝐼𝐶̇ = = ∠ − 150 ∓ 𝜑𝐴 𝑆𝐶̇ = 𝑉𝐹 𝐼𝐹 ∠ ∓ 𝜑 = 𝑃 ∓ 𝑗𝑄
𝑍̇ √3𝑍

𝑺̇𝑻 = 𝑺̇𝑨 + 𝑺̇𝑩 + 𝑺̇𝑪 = 𝟑𝑷 ∓ 𝒋𝟑𝑸

𝑽𝑭 𝑽𝑳
𝑽𝑳 = √𝟑 ∗ 𝑽𝑭 𝑽𝑭 𝑰𝑳 = 𝑰𝑭 = = 𝑰̇𝑵 = 𝑰̇𝑨 + 𝑰̇𝑩 + 𝑰̇𝑪 = 𝟎
𝒁 √𝟑𝒁

EJEMPLO 𝑉𝐿 = 380𝑉 Sec ABC 𝑍̇ = 22∠45° Ω

220∠90°
̇ = 380∠120°𝑉
𝑉𝐴𝐵 ̇ = 220∠90°𝑉
𝑉𝐴𝑁 𝐼𝐴̇ = = 10∠45°𝐴 𝑆𝐴̇ = 2200∠ − 45°
22∠45°
220∠ − 30°
𝑉̇𝐵𝐶 = 380∠0°𝑉 𝑉̇𝐵𝑁 = 220∠ − 30°𝑉 𝐼𝐵̇ = = 10∠ − 75°𝐴 𝑆𝐵̇ = 2200∠ − 45°
22∠45°
220∠ − 150°
𝑉̇𝐶𝐴 = 380∠ − 120°𝑉 𝑉𝐴𝑁
̇ = 220∠ − 150°𝑉 𝐼𝐶̇ = = 10∠ − 195°𝐴 𝑆𝐶̇ = 2200∠ − 45°
22∠45°
𝑺̇𝑻 = 𝟔𝟔𝟎𝟎∠ − 𝟒𝟓°

𝑺̇𝑨 = 𝑺̇𝑩 = 𝑺̇𝑪 = 𝟐𝟐𝟎𝟎∠ − 𝟒𝟓° 𝑺̇𝑻 = 𝟑 𝑆𝑓̇ = 6600 ∠ − 𝟒𝟓° = 𝟒𝟔𝟔𝟔. 𝟗𝟏 − 𝒋𝟒𝟔𝟔𝟔. 𝟗𝟏
CIRCUITO EQUIVALENTE 1𝜙 Sea 𝑉𝐿 SEC ABC -120 +120
𝑉𝐿
̇ =
𝑉𝐴𝑁 ∠90° = 𝑉𝐹 ∠90° 𝑉̇𝐵𝑁 = 𝑉𝐹 ∠ − 30° 𝑉̇𝐶𝑁 = 𝑉𝐹 ∠ − 150°
√3
̇
𝑉𝐴𝑁 𝑉𝐿 𝑉𝐿 𝑉𝐿
𝐼𝐴̇ = = ∠90 ∓ 𝜑° 𝐼𝐵̇ = ∠ − 30 ∓ 𝜑° 𝐼𝐶̇ = ∠ − 150 ∓ 𝜑°
𝑍 ̇ √3𝑍 √3𝑍 √3𝑍
𝑆𝐴̇ = 𝑉𝐹 𝐼𝐹 ∠ ∓ 𝜑 = 𝑃 ∓ 𝑗𝑄 𝑆̇𝑇 = 3𝑉𝐹 𝐼𝐹 ∠ ∓ 𝜑 = 3𝑃 ∓ 𝑗3𝑄
3. CONEXIÓN ESTRELLA 3H Sea 𝑉𝐿 sec ABC

𝑉𝐿
̇ = 𝑉𝐿 ∠120°
𝑉𝐴𝐵 ̇ =
𝑉𝐴𝑁 ̇
∠90° = 𝑉𝐴𝑂
√3
𝑉𝐿
𝑉̇𝐵𝐶 = 𝑉𝐿 ∠0° 𝑉̇𝐵𝑁 = ∠ − 30° = 𝑉̇𝐵𝑂
√3
𝑉𝐿
𝑉̇𝐶𝐴 = 𝑉𝐿 ∠ − 120° 𝑉̇𝐶𝑁 = ∠ − 150° = 𝑉̇𝐶𝑂
√3
A) POR INTENSIDAD DE CORRIENTES DE MALLAS

𝑉̇ ̇ −𝑍̇] [𝐼1̇ ] 𝑉𝐿 𝑉𝐿
[ 𝐴𝐵 ] = [ 2𝑍 𝐼1̇ = ∠90 ∓ 𝜑° 𝐼2̇ = ∠30 ∓ 𝜑°
𝑉̇𝐵𝐶 −𝑍̇ 2𝑍̇ 𝐼2̇ √3 𝑍 √3 𝑍
𝐼𝐴̇ = 𝐼1̇ 𝐼𝐵̇ = 𝐼2̇ − 𝐼1̇ 𝐼𝐶̇ = −𝐼2̇
𝑉𝐿 𝑉𝐿 𝑉𝐿
𝐼𝐴̇ = 𝐼1̇ = ∠90 ∓ 𝜑°𝐴 𝐼𝐵̇ = 𝐼2̇ − 𝐼1̇ = ∠ − 30 ∓ 𝜑°𝐴 𝐼𝐶̇ = −𝐼2̇ = ∠ − 150 ∓ 𝜑° 𝐴
√3 𝑍 √3 𝑍 √3 𝑍
𝑉 𝑉𝐿 𝑉𝐿
𝑉𝐴𝑂̇ = 𝑍̇𝐼𝐴̇ = 𝐿 ∠90 𝑉̇𝐵𝑂 = 𝑍̇𝐼𝐵̇ = ∠ − 30 𝑉̇𝐶𝑂 = 𝑍̇𝐼𝐶̇ = ∠ − 150
√3 √3 √3
̇ = 𝑉𝐴𝑁
𝑉𝐴𝑂 ̇ 𝑉̇𝐵𝑂 = 𝑉̇𝐵𝑁 𝑉̇𝐶𝑂 = 𝑉̇𝐶𝑁 𝑉𝑂 = 𝑉𝑁 𝑂≡𝑁 𝑰𝑫𝑬𝑴 𝟒𝑯
B) POR 𝑉̇𝑂𝑁 DESPLAZAMIENTO DEL NEUTRO 𝑍̇ = 𝑅 ± 𝑗𝑋 = 𝑍∠ ± 𝜑
1 1
𝐼𝐴̇ + 𝐼𝐵̇ + 𝐼𝐶̇ = 0 𝑌̇ = = ∠ ∓ 𝜑°
𝑍̇ 𝑍

𝐼𝐴̇ = 𝑉𝐴𝑂
̇ 𝑌̇ ̇ = 𝑉𝐴𝑁
𝑉𝐴𝑂 ̇ − 𝑉̇𝑂𝑁

𝐼𝐵̇ = 𝑉̇𝐵𝑂 𝑌̇ 𝑉̇𝐵𝑂 = 𝑉̇𝐵𝑁 − 𝑉̇𝑂𝑁

𝐼𝐶̇ = 𝑉̇𝐶𝑂 𝑌̇ 𝑉̇𝐶𝑂 = 𝑉̇𝐶𝑁 − 𝑉̇𝑂𝑁

̇ − 𝑉̇𝑂𝑁 )𝑌̇ + (𝑉̇𝐵𝑁 − 𝑉̇𝑂𝑁 )𝑌̇ + (𝑉̇𝐶𝑁 − 𝑉̇𝑂𝑁 )𝑌̇ = 0

(𝑉𝐴𝑁

𝑌̇(𝑉𝐴𝑁
̇ + 𝑉̇𝐵𝑁 + 𝑉̇𝐶𝑁 ) 1
𝑉̇𝑂𝑁 = ̇ + 𝑉̇𝐵𝑁 + 𝑉̇𝐶𝑁 ) = 0
= (𝑉𝐴𝑁
3𝑌̇ 3

𝑉̇𝑂𝑁 = 0 = 𝑉̇𝑂 − 𝑉̇𝑁 𝑉𝑂 = 𝑉𝑁 𝑂≡𝑁 𝑰𝑫𝑬𝑴 𝟒𝑯