1.
THE VISUAL ART IN THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY
ARTIST'S NAME
FRENCH ROCOCO PAINTERS
1. Jean Antoine Watteau (1684–1721)
2. Francois Boucher (1703–1770)
3.Jean Honore Fragonard (1732–1806)
4. Rosalba Carriera (1675–1757)
5. Thomas Gainsborough (1727–1788),
(together with Sir Joshua Reynolds
(1723–1792)
6. Giovanni Battista Tiepolo (1696–1770) The Immaculate Conception
ROCOCO SCULPTURE AND ARCHITECTURE
1. Francesco Queirolo (1704–1762)
2. Arch. Pierre-Alexis Delamair
NAME OF PAINTINGS/ WORKS
In Pilgrimage to Cythera
Diana Leaving the Bath
Love Letters
Anna Sofia d’Este, Princess of Modena
Mary, Countess Howe
Deception Unmasked
Hotel de Soubise in Paris
DESCRIPTION / SUPPORTING IDEAS
The handsome young couples are returning home
(despite the traditional title of the painting) from a visit
to Cythera, the island sacred to Venus and to love. As
they leave, a few of them gaze wistfully over their
shoulders at the idyllic life they must leave behind,
symbolized by the statue of Venus.
consist of little beyond mounds of pink flesh
the couple flirting in the foreground is surrounded by a
jungle of trees and bushes that seems to impart a
heady, humid air to the apparently innocent
confrontation.
emphasize the delicacy, charm, and sensuality of
eighteenth-century society beauties.
setting and costume are reminiscent of Watteau, but
the dignified pose and cool gaze of the subject suggest
that she had other than romantic thoughts in mind.
The light colors and chubby cherubs of Boucher and the
haughty assurance of Gainsborough’s society ladies are
here applied to the life of the Virgin Mary.
theoretically has serious religious significance; in
practice its principal purpose is to dazzle us with the
sculptor’s skill at rendering such details as the elaborate
net in which Deception hides.
where the encrustation of ornament flows from the
ceiling down onto the walls, concealing the break
between them.

3. Balthazar Neumann (1687–1753)
NEO-CLASSICAL ART
1.Jacques-Louis David (1748–1825)
2. Joshua Reynolds
3. William Hogarth
4. Antonio Canova
5. Thomas Jefferson
2. THE ROMANTIC ART
ARTIST'S NAME
FRENCH ROCOCO PAINTERS
1. Jacques-Louis David
Vierzehnheiligen (“fourteen saints”)
Oath of the Horatii
Three Ladies Adorning a Term of Hymen
(SERIES) Marriage a la Mode
Shortly After the Marriage
Pauline Bonaparte Borghese as Venus
Victorious
State Capitol at Richmond
NAME OF PAINTINGS/ WORKS
The Sabine Women Halt the Battle of the
Romans and the Sabines
. The relative simplicity of the exterior deliberately leaves
the visitor unprepared for the spaciousness and
elaborate decoration of the interior, with its rows of
windows and irregularly placed columns.
to depict Napoleon soon after his accession to power,
although there is considerable if unintentional irony in
the use of the revolutionary style to represent the
military dictator.
shows three fashionable ladies-about-town in the guise
of figures from Greek mythology
illustrated the consequences of a loveless marriage
between an impoverished earl and the daughter of a
wealthy city merchant who wants to improve his social
position.
the second scene in the series
depicts Napoleon’s sister with an idealized Classical
beauty as she reclines on a couch modeled on one
found at Pompeii.
, shows a conscious rejection of the rococo and all it
stood for in favor of the austere world (as it seemed to
him) of ancient Rome.
DESCRIPTION / SUPPORTING IDEAS
The subject is drawn from Roman mythology and
focuses on that moment when Hersilia, wife of the
Roman leader Romulus, interrupts the battle between
Romans and Sabines and begs for an end to war.

2. Francisco Goya (1746–1828)
3. Anne Louis Girodet-Trioson
(Anne-Louis Girodet de Roussy)
4. Jean Louis Andre Theodore
Gericault (1791–1824
5. Ferdinand Victor Eugene
Delacroix (1798–1863)
6. Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres
(1780–1867)
The Third of May (1808)
The Family of Charles IV
The Sleep of Reason Produces Monsters
Saturn Devouring One of His Sons
The Entombment of Atala
In the Sleep of Endymion (1791)
Ossian Receiving the Ghost of the French
Heroes
Raft of the Medusa
The Charging Chasseur
Wounded Cuirassier (1814)
Race of the Rideless Horse (1817)
Massacre at Chios
The Death of Sardanapalus
Liberty Leading the People
Jupiter and Thetis
The horror and the terror of the victims, their faceless
executioners, and the blood streaming in the dust all
combine to create an almost unbearable image of
protest against human cruelty
Goya shows us the royal family—king, queen, children,
and grandchildren—in the artist’s studio, where they
have come to visit.
foreshadowed the work of his last years.
Sons uses a Classical myth to portray the god of time in
the act of destroying humanity, but the treatment owes
nothing to Neo-Classicism
depicts a highly Romantic subject acted out, as it were,
by Classical figures.
depicted the moment of the sighting of the raft
earliest major work
depicted a particularly brutal event in the Greek War of
Independence
The Assyrian king, faced with the destruction of his
palace by the Medes, decided to prevent his enemies
from enjoying his possessions after his death by
ordering that his wives, horses, and dogs be killed and
their bodies piled up, together with his treasures, at the
foot of the funeral pyre he intended for himself.
Thetis deals with an event from Homer’s Iliad and
shows Thetis, the mother of Achilles, begging the father

7. Honore Daumier (1808–1879) Le Ventre Legislatif (The Legislative Belly) bitterness nor, unfortunately, its relevance.
A Real Allegory of the Last Seven Years of a landscape, inspired by a nude model who may
8. Gustave Courbet (1819–1877) My Life.
FRENCH ARCHITECTURE AND GARNIER
1. Charles Garnier (1824–1898).
2. Caspar David Friedrich (1774–
1840)
3. John Constable (1776–1837)
4. Joseph Mallord William
Turner(1775–1851)
of gods and mortals to avenge an insult by the Greek
commander Agamemnon to her son by allowing the
Trojans to be victorious
Daumier produced a powerful image of the greed and
corruption of political opportunists that has lost neither its
the painting deliberately evokes memories of
Velazquez’s Las Meninas, although the artist is now
placed firmly in the center of the picture, hard at work on
represent Realism or Truth.
Paris Opera House
illustrates several Romantic preoccupations, with its
ruined medieval architecture and melancholy dreamlike
Abbey in an Oak Forest atmosphere.
Chalk Cliffs on Rugen (1818) honeymoon
Tetschen Altar ( The Cross in the
Mountains)
we not only see the peaceful rustic scene, with its squat,
comforting house on the left, but we also can even sense
that light and quality of atmosphere, prompted by the
billowing clouds that, responsible for the fertility of the
Hay Wain countryside, seem about to release their moisture.
Salisbury Cathedral
Flatford Mill
Ship deals with a social disgrace of the time; in this case,
the horrifyingly common habit of the captains of slave
ships to jettison their entire human cargo if an epidemic
The Slave Ship broke out.
The Fighting Temeraire (1839)

3. NEW MOVEMENTS IN THE VISUAL ARTS
ARTIST'S NAME
1. Édouard Manet (1832-1883)
2. Claude Monet (1840-1926)
3. Pierre Auguste Renoir (1841-
1919)
4. Edgar Hilaire Germain Degas
(1834-1917)
5. Mary Cassatt (1844–1926)
6. Berthe Morisot (1841–1895)
Snow Storm: Steam-Boat Off a Harbour’s
Mouth
NAME OF PAINTINGS/ WORKS DESCRIPTION / SUPPORTING IDEAS
Le Dejeuner sur l’Herbe (Luncheon on a female nude among two fully clothed young men
the Grass) and another clothed female figure.
where the barmaid amid her bottles and dishes
presents the same solid appearance as the nude in
A Bar at the Folies-Bergere of 1882 Dejeuner
Impression: Sunrise
Argenteuil (Red Boots)
Water Lilies of 1920-1921
Two Girls at the Piano
we are left in no doubt that neither ballet nor ballet
The Rehearsal dancers are entirely glamorous.
his subjects seem to be spied on while they are
engrossed in the most intimate and natural activities.
TheTub
shows the mother turned away from us and a child
who is saved from sentimentality by her complete
unawareness of our presence.
Mother Combing Sara’s Hair
Little Ann Sucking Her Finger Embraced
by her Mother
presents a panoramic view of the city.
View of Paris from the Trocadero

7. Auguste Francois Rene Rodin
(1840–1917)
Th Cradle
demonstrates the irregularity of surface by which
Rodin converted two-dimensional Impressionist
effects to a three-dimensional format
Balzac
achieves something of Renoir’s blurred sensuality by
the soft texture of the stone and the smooth transitions
between the forms of the figures.
The Kiss

Portrait of Composer Gustav Mahler

POST-IMPRESSIONISM

1. Paul Gauguin (1848–1903) Ia Orana Maria

Commode does not try to show how the fruit, vase,
and cloth really look or reproduce their actual
relationship to one another.
2. Paul Cezanne Still Life with Commode
Perhaps the contrast between the peaceful
countryside and the grandeur of the mountain beyond
partially explains the scene’s appeal to him
Mont Sainte-Victoire
3. Vincent van Gogh (1853–
1890) The Starry Night
was described by the artist as “one of the ugliest I have
done,” but the ugliness was deliberate
The Night Cafe
the physician who treated him in his last illness.
Portrait of Dr. Gachet

FAUVISM AND EXPRESSIONISM


1. Henri Matisse
THE EXPRESSIONIST
1. Edvard Munch (1863–1944)
2. Antonio Gaudi (1852–1926)
3. Erich Heckel
4. Emil Nolde (1867–1956)
4.THE REVOLUTION IN ART AFTER WORLD WAR I
ARTIST'S NAME
ANALYTICAL CUBISM
1. Pablo Picasso
2. Georges Braque
shows fields and trees in bright sunlight, where men
and women are sleeping, dancing, and making music
and love.
The Joy of Life
every form is clearly recognizable but touched by the
painter’s unique vision.
The Red Studio
from which the lonely figure’s cry seems to
reverberate visibly through space
The Scream
an apartment house in Barcelona
Casa Mila
Two Painters at the Table
shows the apostles seated around the table literally
burning with inspiration; the tongues of flame of the
biblical account are visible above their heads.
Pentecost
NAME OF PAINTINGS/ WORKS DESCRIPTION / SUPPORTING IDEAS
Les Demoiselles d’Avignon (1907) a landmark of twentieth century painting
entire picture plane has become a geometric grid in
which the traditional portrait form has been broken into
separate cube-like shapes and scattered without
Portrait of Daniel-Henry Kahnweiler reference to traditional proportion
Violin and Pitcher Braque depicts a violin so that the viewer sees at once
the front, the sides, and the bottom of the instrument

SYNTHETIC CUBISM
1. Piet Mondrian (1872–1944)
2. Marc Chagall (1889–1985)
3. Rufino Tamayo (1899–1991)
GUERNICA: ART AS PROTEST
Pablo Picasso
EXPRESSIONISM AND KANDINSKY
1. Wassily Kandinsky (1866–1944
2. Marcel Duchamp (1887–1968) L.H.O.O.Q.
FREUD, THE UNCONSCIOUS, AND SURREALISM
1. Sigmund Freud
Composition in Oval with Color Planes I
The Green Violinist
Woman with Guitar
Guernica
Composition IV
Concerning the Spiritual in Art (1910)
Pink accent/ Accent in Pink
Yellow-Red-Blue (1925)
The Interpretation of Dreams (Book)
while they appear simultaneously on a single flat plane.
The ordinary depth of the violin has disappeared
a work whose main focus is on line and square
highlighted by color
combines Cubist touches (in the figure of the violinist)
with the artist’s penchant for dreamy scenes evoking
memories of Jewish village life in Eastern Europe.
for example, reflected a subtle Cubist composition in its
layered background and foreground and use of planes
and shapes of rich colors.
The painting reminds us that at its best the human
imagination calls up the most primordial symbols of our
collective experience (the woman and child, the horse
and bull, the symbol of light) and invests them with new
power and expressiveness fit for the demands of the
age.
argued his conviction that the inner, mystical core of a
human being is the truest source of great art
his famous defacement of the Mona Lisa
deep in the unconscious, which Freud called the id,
were chaotic emotional forces of life and love (called
libido or Eros) and death and violence (called
Thanatos).
 which paid explicit homage to Freud’s ideas on the
2. Andre Breton Manifesto of Surrealism subjective world of the dream and the unconscious.
3. Salvador Dali (1904–1989) The Persistence of Memory the most famous Surrealist painting.
the artist depicts herself in her native Mexican dress
framed by lush tropical foliage, with her pet monkey
4. Frida Kahlo (1907–1954) Self Portrait with a Monkey and hair ribbons wound about her neck.
The Broken Column (1944)
Henry Ford Hospital (1932)
Self-Portrait with Thorn Necklace and
Hummingbird (1940)
The Two Fridas (1939)
even the title of the painting misleads because the
man, like a figure in a single frame of a motion picture,
5. Rene Magritte (1898–1967) Man with a Newspaper disappear quickly.
6. Paul Klee (1879–1940) Around the Fish (1926)
Red Balloon (1922)
BAUHAUS AND ARCHITECTURE
1. Walter Gropius (18 May 1883 – Bauhaus in Dessau (1925-1931)
5 July 1969 Bauhaus in Berlin (1932-1933)
OTHERS
1. Laszlo Moholo-Nagy Photogram (1926)

5.THE CONTEMPORARY CONTOUR

ARTIST'S NAME NAME OF PAINTINGS/ WORKS

DESCRIPTION / SUPPORTING IDEAS
WORLD WAR II
 1. Hans Hofmann (1880–1966)

2. Josef Albers (1888–1976)

3. George Grosz (1893–1959)

4. Peggy Guggenheim Art of This Century (Art Gallery) exhibited such European painters as Braque, Leger,
Arp, Brancusi, Picasso, Severini, and Miro
TRADITIONAL AMERICAN STYLES

1. Edward Hopper Nighthawks

an example of Hopper’s twin concerns
is both a tribute to and an outcry against the death of
workingmen in a senseless accident as their wives wait
2. Ben Shahn Miner’s Wives and mourn.

3. Georgia O’Keeffe (1887–1986), An Orchid show both a masterful sense of color and scale and a
precise sense of line
Black Iris (1926)

ABSTRACT-EXPRESSIONISM

1. Jasper Johns Flag series

2. Robert Rauschenberg (1925–

2008) Monogram which combined an assortment of elements (including a
stuffed goat) in an outrageous yet delightful collage.
3. Andy Warhol Campbell Soup Cans (1962)

4. Frank Stella Harran II (1967)

PHOTOREALISTS
 1. Philip Pearlstein
2. Alfred Leslie (b. 1927)
3. Romare Bearden (1914–1988)
4. Faith Ringgold (b. 1930)
5. Jaune Quick-to-See Smith (b.
1940)
CONTEMPORARY SCULPTURE
1. David Smith (1906–1965)
2. Alexander Calder (1898–1976)
3. Louise Nevelson (1900–1988)
4. Joseph Cornell (1903–1972)
5. George Segal (1924–2000)
6. Edward Kienholz (1927–1994)
7. Claes Oldenburg (b. 1929),
8. Henry Moore (1898–1986)
Male and Female Nudes on Carpet
Constance West Seated with Rifle
Empress of the Blues
Tar Beach 2
Indian, Indio, Indigenous
Cubi XIX
Big Red
Sky Cathedral (1958)
Toward the Blue Peninsula (1953)
Man at a Table (1961)
The Wait (1964-65)
Giant Soft Fan (1966-67)
Reclining Figure : Wing
a serious and unsentimental study of the female and
male figures.
Leslie combines an eye for contemporary reality and
the use of chiaroscuro
celebrates traditional blues with references to Africa
done in a Synthetic Cubist style
to celebrate her racial heritage, her family, storytelling
and, at the same time, rejoice in the energy of city life.
to affirm both her own identity and her protest against
racism in general and the mistreatment of Native
Americans specifically.
Smith used stainless steel to produce a geometrically
balanced work of solidity that conveys a sense of airy
lightness.
constructed of painted sheet metal and wire; these
constructions move because they are so delicately
balanced that they respond to even the slightest currents
of air.
obviously refers to death; this is a refashioning of the
traditional memento mori (remember death) theme.
Surrounded by portraits of family, the central skeletal
figure waits for her own death.
simultaneously humorous and mocking. It echoes Pop
art and recalls the oozing edges so characteristic of
surrealism.
is a complex work that illustrates many of the sculptor’s
mature interests.
a single work, Moore hints at three primordial forces in
the universal human experience: life (the human figure),

OUTDOOR SCULPTURE
1. Maya Ying Lin.
2. Rachel Whiteread (b. 1963)
3. Christo and his wife, Jeanne- 241⁄2-mile Running Fence, Sonoma and Marin
Claude
4. Magdalena Abakanowicz
(b. 1930)
6.MODERNITY AND TRADITION
ARTIST'S NAME
CONTEMPORARY-TRADITIONAL ART
*Charles Baudelaire (AUTHOR )
death (the bonelike configurations), and sexuality (the
holes).
Inscribed on the walls are the names of 58,245 service
personnel killed in Vietnam; the polished surface acts as
Vietnam Veterans Memorial a mirror for those who visit what has become one of the
in Washington, DC most popular pilgrimage spots in the nation’s capital.
created a large concrete sculpture of the interior of a library that once was in the Judenplatz in Vienna
as part of a larger Holocaust memorial.
Counties, California, 1972–1976
Surrounded Islands, Biscayne Bay, Greater
Miami, Florida, 1980–1983
The Pont Neuf Wrapped, Paris, 1975–1985
The Umbrellas, Japan- USA, 1984–1991
wrapped trees, fondation beyeler and berower
park, riehen, switzerland, 1997–1998
NAME OF PAINTINGS/ WORKS
DESCRIPTION / SUPPORTING IDEAS
The Painter of Modern Life
Explaining the relationship between art and modernity
3 Interlocking themes in the text:
-Baudelaire’s street on the iconography of everyday life.
-Mode of experience
 -The recognition that certain works of art “clothed in their own modernity” nevertheless remained vivid
far beyond their own time and space.
Gustave Corbet
“I cannot paint an angel because I have never seen one.”
Bertolt Brecht
“Reality changes. In order to represent it, modes of representation must also change.
1. Andy Warhol
Coca-Cola Bottles

Campbell Soup Can

Marilyn Monroe (Diptych)

Green Disaster Ten Times

Other works:Dollar bill, statue of liberty, Jackie Kennedy, the electric chair, car crashes (plate 96)
* Roy Lichtenstein
Whaam!
*Jasper Johns
White Flag (1955)
* Robert Rauschenberg
Canyon
*Jackson Pollock
No. 32
2. Carl Andre
Equivalent VIII

Cuts, 1967 (Concrete blocks, 1748 unit rectangle)

Installation view, Whitehouse Gallery, London,
1979

Magnesium Square, 1969

*Pablo Picasso
Guitar (1912-13)
*Vladimir Tatlin
Corner Relief (1913/14)
*David Smith
Untitled (painted steel)
*Dan Flavin
Monument for V.I. Tatlin (1966-9)
*Don Judd
Untitled (1980)

*Sol LeWitt Two Open Modular Cubes/ Half Off 1975

(72 sa net though)
*Donald Judd & Sol Lewitt
Plate 106-8

7. JACKSON POLLOCK AND ABSTRACT EXPRESSIONISM

ARTIST'S NAME NAME OF PAINTINGS/ WORKS

DESCRIPTION / SUPPORTING IDEAS
1.Jackson Pollock Summertime of 1948 (Plate 82)

Miners (1934-8)

The She Wolf (1943)

Out of the Web (Number 7 1949)

Gothic (1944)

AVANT-GARDE EXPRESSION

*Pablo Picasso Les Demoiselles d’Avignon (1907)

AVANT-GARDE ABSTRACTION

*Wassily Kandinsky Cossacks (Plate 4)

 Clarinet and Bottle of Rum on a
*Georges Braque Mantelpiece 1911

Composition No. 10 (Pier and Ocean)-

3. Piet Mondrian 1915

Plate 66

*Barnett Newman

*Mark Rothko

*Clyfford Still

AVANT-GARDE THE UNCONCIOUS

Les Champs magnétiques

4. André Breton and Philippe Writing as stream of consciousness, propelled by free
Soupault (Magnetic Fields) association, and not subjected to the normal controls of
the conscious mind.
*Max Ernst The Horde (1927)

*Pablo Picasso Guernica (1937)

THE AMERICAN SCENE

Mural from The New School of Social

Research. New York. Agriculture and
*Thomas Hart Benton Lumbering

PUBLIC ART

The Epic of American Civilization: Gods

*Jose Orozco of the Modern World (1933-4)

POLLOCK’S WORKS
 The Present Prospects of American
*Clement Greenberg Painting and Sculpture

MODERNISM AND HISTORY

*Mark Rothko Light Red Over Black (1957)

8.DADA & SURREALISM IN PARIS

ARTIST’S NAME NAME OF PAINTINGS/ WORKS

DESCRIPTION / SUPPORTING IDEAS

1. Marcel Duchamp Bottle Dryer (1914)

PARIS DADA: A MISMATCH OF MEANS 1919-21

2. Tristan Tzara Dada Manifesto

-an anti-manifesto
3. Francis Picabia Flamenca, 391

291 (journal-contributor)

The Cacodylic Eye

4. Man Ray The Blind Man

L'Enigme d'Isidore Ducasse

Little Machine Constructed by Minimax

*Max Ernst Dadamax in Person

Saint Cecilia ( The Invisible piano) (1923)

 a psychological test in which subjects' perceptions of
inkblots are recorded and then analyzed using
psychological interpretation, complex algorithms, or
Rorschach Test
both. Some psychologists use this test to examine a
*Hermann Rorschach (Rorschach Ink Blot) person's personality characteristics and emotional
functioning
5. Andres Masson The Blood of the Birds (1925/6)

Battle of Fishes

*Luis Buñuel (Director) L'Age d'Or (Age of Gold)

Un Chien Andalou (An Andalusian Dog)

*Hans Bellmer & Toyen

*Andre Breton L’Amour Four (Mad Love, 1937).

*Joan Miro Stars in Snail’s Sexes (1925)

The Treachery of Images (1929)

6. Rene Magritte (French: La Trahison des images)

Rape (1945)

7. Yves Tanguy The Dark Garden

8. Salvador Dali The Persistence of Memory

The Lugubrious Game

Retrospective Bust of a Woman (1933)

* Simone de Beauvoir The Second Sex

9. Leonora Carrington Portrait of Max Ernst