FACULTAD DE HUMANIDADES Y LENGUAS

MODERNAS

English Grammar
Unit 2
Week 6
Session 7 FINITE CLAUSES
And the verb

Contrasts finite clauses as

Session
elements of the phrase and as
outcome independent units in the clause

Session Finite clauses, finite verbs,

content elements of the clause. Types and
functions.
PROFESSOR: Mg. Flor Mellado Rosales
 The man plays the guitar. I gave my mother some flowers last week.

My father considers Juan intelligent The lady left her coat on the desk
 FORM FUNCTION
Autism is a developmental disorder 1that ranges from very severe, to mild,
1,
including in highly intelligent people with specialized talents. 2After I wrote 2.
my book Thinking in Pictures, I talked to many people and I learned 3that 3.

there are three types of thinking styles that are common in people with 4.

autism. 4In addition to visual thinking, we can find 5pattern thinking and 5.

word thinking. Each of the three types of thinking is 6a continuum. We 6.

name these people 7autistic. People without autism may have 8some 7.

8.
specialization, but people 9with autism are often on the extreme end of a
9.
continuum. A pattern-thinking child 10typically has great ability in math
10.
and difficulty in reading. When I asked an astrophysicist with a
mathematical mind about church steeples, he saw abstract patterns of
motion, people making steeples with their hands.
A commuter1 train derailed Sunday morning as it raced around a FORM FUNCTION

sharp curve2 in New York City, killing four passengers and injuring 1,
2.
dozens3 of others who were tossed around like dolls4
3.
At least 63 other people were injured5 when all seven cars of the
4.
Metro Railroad train jumped the tracks. Fire officials said that as
5.
many as 11 of the injured were critical6 and that six were in 6.
serious7 condition. 7.
Cars that were still on their sides8 were up righted to see whether 8.
there were any other casualties9. Authorities considered this 9.
accident a tremendous disaster10. 10.
 Noun phrase
Adjective phrase
Phrases Adverb phrase
Verb phrase
FORM: Prepositional phrase

Finite
Clauses Non-finite
Verbless

Head
Before noun, adjective, adverb
Pre-modification
FUNCTION: After noun, adjective, adverb
Post-modification
After adjective, adverb, preposition
Complementation
 Types of Verbs according to the progressive aspect (BASED ON: Quirk, 1995)

DYNAMIC STATIVE

IINERT Show cognition, also emotion and

Used in the progressive shows MOMENTARY COGNITION state of being.
a repetition of the action.

TRANSITIONAL INERT Show perception, the senses.

Used in the progressive shows EVENT PERCEPTION
a transition to an event.
Show possession or relationships
Used in the progressive shows PROCESS RELATIONAL and measurements
a process going on.

When used in the progressive

BODILY
they show a sensation that SENSATION
someone cannot bear.

Used in progressive or simple ACTIVITY

tense interchangeably.
Absorb Decay Mature slow down speed up
change dissolve melt sprout widen PROCESS
deteriorate grow ripen
shrink
Ache feel hurt itch throb BODILY SENSATION

Arrive die fall land leave lose TRANSITIONAL EVENT

Hit jump kick knock Leap nod Poke punch tap

MOMENTARY
shake wave
 STATIVE VERBS
Abhor agree Doubt enjoy envy Like loathe love remember satisfy see
amaze Exist expect fear mean mind (care seem suppose
INERT
PERCEPTION Appear assume care Feel forget forgive about) miss need surprise
appreciate astonish Guess hate Hope perceive please suspect think (have an
be* believe imagine know prefer presuppose opinion”) understand
consider Impress intend realize recall recognize regard
Concern desire want wish worry
INERT
COGNITION
Sound, detest
Despise smell Taste, hear Feel, listen Look
dislike

belong (to) deserve involve own

consist (of) equal lack owe possess
contain fit include matter require
RELATIONAL
cost have meaning mean resemble
depend (on)* “own”) need weigh
Finite Verbs are those verbs that have a definite relation with the
subject or noun. These verbs are usually the main verb of a clause
or sentence and can be changed according to the noun.

She walks home. - Here we see that the finite verb

is walks and the pronoun is 'she'.

Non-Finite Verbs
These verbs cannot be the main verb of a clause or sentence as
they do not talk about the action that is being performed by the
subject or noun. They do not indicate any tense, mood or gender.

He loves camping in the woods. - Here the non-

finite verb is camping and it is used as a noun.