A Representation of Selected Nonmanual Signals in American Sign L - Part60

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 APPENDIX

 A  -­‐  GLOSSARY  OF  TERMS  


 

 American  Sign  Language:    A  visually  perceived  language  based  on  a  naturally  evolved  
system  of  articulated  hand  gestures  and  their  placement  relative  to  the  body,  along  with  
non-­‐manual  markers  such  as  facial  expressions,  head  movements,  shoulder  raises,  mouth  
morphemes,  etc..  (Vicars,    2007)  

ASL  see:  American  Sign  Language  

Classifiers:  Classifiers  are  signs  that  are  used  to  represent  general  categories  or  "classes"  of  
things.  They  can  be  used  to  describe  the  size  and  shape  of  an  object  (or  person).  They  can  be  
used  to  represent  the  object  itself,  or  the  way  the  object  moves  or  relates  to  other  objects  
(or  people).  Another  definition  is:  "A  set  of  handshapes  that  represent  classes  of  things  that  
share  similar  characteristics."  

deaf:  deaf  (with  a  lowercase  "d")    


The  condition  of  partially  or  completely  lacking  in  the  sense  of  hearing  to  the  extent  that  
one  cannot  understand  speech  for  everyday  communication  purposes.  (For  example,  a  deaf  
person  can't  hear  well  enough  to  use  the  phone  without  assistive  technology.)  

Deaf:  Deaf  (with  a  capital  "D")  refers  to  embracing  the  cultural  norms,  beliefs,  and  values  of  
the  Deaf  Community.  The  term  "Deaf"  should  be  capitalized  when  it  is  used  as  a  shortened  
reference  to  being  a  member  of  the  Deaf  Community.  
Example:    He  is  Deaf.  (Meaning  that  he  is  a  member  of  the  Deaf  Community.)  
Example:    He  is  deaf.  (Meaning  that  he  is  lacking  in  the  sense  of  hearing.)  

Dominant  Hand:    The  hand  that  does  the  most  signing.  

Fingerspelling:  A  representation  of  letters  of  the  alphabet  using  handshapes.  


Fingerspelling  is  used  to  spell  out  a  word  or  name  in  ASL  if  the  sign  is  unknown.  

Interpret:  to  translate  spoken  English  to  ASL  or  vice  versa,  in  real  time.  

NMS:  Non-­‐manual  signals:    Non-­‐manual  markers  are  facial  expressions  and  body  
movements.    Non-­‐manual  signals  are  used  to  inflect  signs.    That  means  to  change,  influence,  
or  emphasize  the  meaning  of  a  sign  or  signed  phrase.    For  example,  when  asking  a  question  
that  can  be  answered  with  a  "yes"  or  "no"  you  raise  your  eyebrows  a  bit  and  tilt  your  head  
forward  slightly.  

SE:  refers  to  Signed  English  (in  general)    (Some  people  say  that  it  is  the  other  way  around-­‐-­‐
SEE  1  refers  to  Signing  Exact  English  and  SEE  2  refers  to  Seeing  Essential  English)  They  are  
invented  sign  systems  intended  to  represent  English  on  the  hands  and  thereby  assist  deaf  
children  in  the  acquisition  of  English.  In  general  SEE  1  is  (was)  based  on  syllables.  The  word  

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