Question 1

Enthalpy change of combustion of carbon is -394 kJ mol -1.

(a) Define enthalpy change of combustion of carbon. [1M]
(b) 6.00 g of carbon is burnt completely in a calorimeter, what will be the temperature
change of the calorimeter? [3M]
[RAM: C=12; heat capacity of the calorimeter, 12.5 kJ 0C-1]

Question 2

(a) What is meant by the term standard enthalpy change of combustion? (2M)

(b) (i) When 1.00 g of ethanol was burned under a container of water, it was found
that 100.0 g of water was heated from 15.0 0C to 65.0 0C. The process was known to
be only 70.0% efficient. Calculate the enthalpy change of combustion per mole of
ethanol. (5M)

(ii) Write a thermochemical equation for the combustion of ethanol, C 2H5OH.

(2M)

(c) Using the value you have calculated in (b) and the following data, calculate the
enthalpy change of formation of ethanol from its elements. (6M)
Enthalpy change of combustion of carbon = -393.5 kJ mol-1
Enthalpy change of combustion of hydrogen = -285.8 kJ mol-1
[Specific heat capacity of water, 4.18 J g-1 0C-1, density of water, 1.00 g cm-3]

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Question 1

Enthalpy change of combustion of carbon is -394 kJ mol -1.

(a) Define enthalpy change of combustion of carbon. [1M]
(b) 6.00 g of carbon is burnt completely in a calorimeter, what will be the temperature
change of the calorimeter? [4M]
[RAM: C=12; heat capacity of the calorimeter, 12.5 kJ 0C-1]

Suggested answer:
(a) is the heat released when 1 mol of carbon is burnt completely in excess of oxygen
gas.
(b)
Mol of carbon = 6.00/12 = 0.50 (1)
Given ΔHc = -394 kJ mol-1, so 1 mol C  394 kJ
0.50 mol C  197 kJ (2)

Use the expression,

Heat or q = C’θ, where C’ is heat capacity of the calorimeter (3)
197 = 12.5θ
So, θ = 15.76 0C
= 15.8 0C. (1 decimal place) (4)

Common errors:
E1: mol of carbon didn’t round off to 2 significant digits, 0.50 mol
E2: since question given heat capacity of calorimeter,
thus use heat = C’θ instead off heat = mcθ
E3: Q is a standard symbol for amount of electricity.
Never write Q=mcθ or Q = C’θ
Write the word, heat or symbol q instead of Q
E4: final answer must round off to 1 decimal place, 15.8 NOT 15.76 0C.
Question 2

(a) What is meant by the term standard enthalpy change of combustion? (2M)

(b) (i) When 1.00 g of ethanol was burned under a container of water, it was found
that 100.0 g of water was heated from 15.0 0C to 65.0 0C. The process was known to
be only 70.0% efficient. Calculate the enthalpy change of combustion per mole of
ethanol. (5M)

(ii) Write a thermochemical equation for the combustion of ethanol, C 2H5OH.

(2M)

(c) Using the value you have calculated in (b) and the following data, calculate the
enthalpy change of formation of ethanol from its elements. (6M)
Enthalpy change of combustion of carbon = -393.5 kJ mol-1
Enthalpy change of combustion of hydrogen = -285.8 kJ mol-1
[Specific heat capacity of water, 4.18 J g-1 0C-1, density of water, 1.00 g cm-3]

Suggested answer:

(a) is the heat released when 1 mol of substance is burnt completely in excess of oxygen
gas at standard conditions.

(b)(i)
Mol of ethanol burned = 1.00 / 46.0 = 0.0217

Heat = mcθ
Heat = (100.0) (4.18) (65.0 – 15.0) = 2.09 X 104 J

0.0217 mol ethanol  2.09 X 104 J

1.0 mol ethanol  2.09 X 104 / 0.0217
= 9.63 X 105 J (70.0 % efficient)

So, if 100% efficiency  (100/70.0) (9.63 X 105) = 1.38 X 103 kJ mol-1

(b)(ii) C2H5OH(l) + 3 O2(g)  2 CO2(g) + 3 H2O(l) ΔH = -1.38 X 103 kJ mol-1

(c) C2H5OH(l) + 3 O2(g)  2 CO2(g) + 3 H2O(l) ΔH1 = -1.38 X 103 kJ mol-1

C(s) + O2(g)  CO2 (g) ΔH2 = -393.5 kJ mol-1

H2(g) + 1/2 O2(g)  H2O(l) ΔH3 = -285.8 kJ mol-1

2 C(s) + 3 H2(g) + ½ O2(g)  C2H5OH(l) ΔHf = ?

Based on Hess’ law, ΔHf = 2 ΔH2 + 3 ΔH3 - ΔH1

ΔHf =2 (-393.5) +3 (-285.8) - (-1.38 X 103) = 264 kJ mol-1

Or can use other method, such as energy cycle etc….