LTE Radio Interface

© Telecoms Academy
 LTE Introduction, Architecture Overview and Protocol Stack

Section 1

LTE Introduction, Architecture

Overview and Protocol Stack

© Telecoms Academy 1
 LTE Introduction, Architecture Overview and Protocol Stack

Self Assessment Multiple Choice Questions

LTE Introduction.....

Q1
which one of the following can be attributed to the increase in data traffic observed by
many mobile operators?
a) flat rate SMS
b) smart handsets
c) increased market share
d) decreased fixed network traffic

Q2
common, access independent internet applications and web 2.0 will affect…
a) they way people communicate in coming years
b) mobile market penetration
c) fixed – mobile substitution rates
d) is not thought to affect any aspect of the mobile market

Q3
higher capacity networks, service continuity, single sign-in and competitive pricing are
enabled by….
a) battery longevity
b) the user experience
c) network capability evolution
d) inter-network service agreements

Q4
which of the following are LTE eUTRAN objectives?
a) support for market penetration greater than 100%
b) voice over IP
c) low cost roaming
d) 100Mbps peak downlink data rates

© Telecoms Academy 9
LTE Radio Interface

Q5
spectral efficiency for LTE eUTRAN is expected to be, how many times better than the
current release 6 HSPA ?
a) 3-4 times better in the downlink
b) 3-4 times better in the uplink
c) 2-3 times better in the downlink
d) no significant improvement

10 © Telecoms Academy
 LTE Introduction, Architecture Overview and Protocol Stack

Self Assessment Multiple Choice Questions

Architecture Overview.....

Q1
fill in the blanks in the statement below;
One of the main objectives of the LTE architecture is an overall _____________ of the
network with a _____________ of the number of network nodes
a) complication, reduction
b) simplification, increase
c) simplification, reduction
d) complication, reduction

Q2
how many network nodes are defined within the eUTRAN ?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4

Q3
the eNB connects to the SGW using which interface?
a) X2
b) S1_MME
c) S1_U
d) S2

Q4
the S1_MME interface carries which type of information?
a) user data only
b) user data and signalling
c) voip signalling and data
d) signalling only

© Telecoms Academy 23
LTE Radio Interface

Q5
which EPC node acts as an anchoring point for inter eNB handovers between UMTS and
LTE?
a) eNB
b) SGW
c) MME
d) PGW

Q6

which EPC node acts as a router, provides transport level packet marking and some accounting

functions ?

a) eNB
b) SGW
c) MME
d) PGW

Q7

which EPC node is the primary signalling node, terminating NAS signalling related to mobility

management and bearer management?

a) eNB
b) SGW
c) MME
d) PGW

Q8

which EPC node is the entry and exit point for UE connectivity and provides deep packet

inspection, DL packet marking and service level charging ?

a) eNB
b) SGW
c) MME
d) PGW

24 © Telecoms Academy
 LTE Introduction, Architecture Overview and Protocol Stack

Q9

which of the following SAE reference points provides the user plane with control and mobility

support between trusted and non-trusted IP access networks and the SAE anchor ?

a) S1
b) S2a/b
c) S4
d) S5a

Q10

which SAE reference point enables user and bearer information exchange for inter 3GPP access

mobility?

a) S1
b) S2
c) S3
d) S4

Q11

which SAE reference point the transfer of QoS policy and charging rules from the PCRF to the

PCEP?

a) S5a
b) S5b
c) S6
d) S7

Q12

which SAE reference point provides a connection between the SAE anchor and an external

system?

a) S1
b) S7
c) S5
d) SGi

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LTE Radio Interface

Q13

interfaces between the 2G/3G core and the EPC uses which protocol?

a) GTP
b) RLC
c) SS7
d) MTP

Q14

the S8 and S6 interfaces are used to support which service?

a) VoIP
b) WAP gateway access
c) roaming
d) security

Q15

roaming connections will most likely be…

a) passed through the local PDN

b) routed back to the H-PLMN
c) handled by a 3rd party
d) roaming for LTE is not yet specified

26 © Telecoms Academy
 LTE Introduction, Architecture Overview and Protocol Stack

Self Assessment Multiple Choice Questions

Spectrum Requirements for LTE.....

Q1
which of the following spectrum bands was identified as part of the IMT 2000 family?
a) 1520 – 1590MHz
b) 2410 – 2490MHz
c) 82 – 105MHz
d) 450 – 470MHz

Q2
what future event will make more radio spectrum available particularly in the 470 –
862MHz band?
a) analogue TV switch off
b) 2G networks being switched off
c) spectrum refarming
d) use of LTE technology

Q3
in band 13 (XIII) of the proposed LTE spectrum bands how much radio spectrum is
available?
a) 60MHz
b) 2 x 45MHz
c) 2 x 12 MHz
d) 24MHz

Q4
what LTE radio spectrum does band II refer to?
a) 2.1GHz
b) 800MHz
c) lower 700MHz
d) 1900MHz

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LTE Radio Interface

Q5
the 1700MHz LTE radio band available in Japan is also referred to as…
a) band I
b) band IX
c) band XIV
d) band VI

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 LTE Introduction, Architecture Overview and Protocol Stack

Self Assessment Multiple Choice Questions

An Introduction to the LTE Protocol Stack.....

Q1
in the OSI 7 layer reference model the abbreviation OSI stands for…
a) Open Standards Interface
b) Object Systems Integration
c) Open Systems Integration
d) Open Systems Interfacing

Q2
which layers of the OSI reference model may be considered as end to end protocols?
a) physical and datalink layers
b) datalink and network layers
c) transport and network layers
d) session and presentation layers

Q3
which of the OSI reference model layers is responsible for communicating with the
application and providing communication services for it?
a) application layer
b) presentation layer
c) session layer
d) transport layer

Q4
frame relay, ATM, and Ethernet are generally consider to be example of which OSI model
layer?
a) application layer
b) presentation layer
c) session layer
d) data link layer

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LTE Radio Interface

Q5
in LTE architecture which service connects the UE to the peer entity ?
a) radio bearer
b) EPS bearer
c) external bearer
d) end to end service

Q6 In LTE architecture the EPS bearer connects which network nodes?

a) UE and eNB
b) UE and SGW
c) UE and PGW
d) UE and peer entity

Q6 in LTE architecture which bearer service connects the SGW and PGW

a) EPS bearer
b) external bearer
S5/S8 Bearer
c) S5/S6 bearer
d) radio bearer

Q7 in LTE protocol architecture which component carrier user data and signalling transparently

from the UE to the EPC?

a) AS
b) NAS
c) DTAP
d) S1-MME

Q8 the LTE protocol architecture is split into the Radio Network Layer and Transport Network

Layer, what is the general function of the Radio Network Layer?

a) basic functions of data transport including RLC and MAC

b) E-UTRAN functions including RRC and NAS
c) network access and mobility management
d) bearer control and session management

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 LTE Introduction, Architecture Overview and Protocol Stack

Q9 in the LTE radio interface protocol stack which of the layers is responsible for header

compression, encryption and packet sequencing?

a) RLC
b) PDCP
c) MAC
d) PHY

Q10 in the LTE radio interface protocol stack which of the layers is responsible for datalink layer

functions including segmentation and reassembly, sequenced delivery and duplicate detection?

a) RLC
b) PDCP
c) MAC
d) PHY

© Telecoms Academy 55
 LTE Introduction, Architecture Overview and Protocol Stack

End-Of-Section 1 Multiple Choice Questions

Q1
higher capacity networks, service continuity, single sign-in and competitive pricing are
enabled by….
a) battery longevity
b) the user experience
c) network capability evolution
d) inter-network service agreements

Q2
which of the following are LTE eUTRAN objectives?
a) support for market penetration greater than 100%
b) voice over IP
c) low cost roaming
d) 100Mbps peak downlink data rates

Q3
which SAE reference point provides a connection between the SAE anchor and an
external system?
a) S1
b) S7
c) S5
d) SGi

Q4
in the LTE radio interface protocol stack which of the layers is responsible for header
compression, encryption and packet sequencing?
a) RLC
b) PDCP
c) MAC
d) PHY

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LTE Radio Interface

Q5
fill in the blanks in the statement below;
One of the main objectives of the LTE architecture is an overall _____________ of the
network with a _____________ of the number of network nodes
a) complication, reduction
b) simplification, increase
c) simplification, reduction
d) complication, reduction

Q6
how many network nodes are defined within the eUTRAN ?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4

Q7
common, access independent internet applications and web 2.0 will affect…
a) they way people communicate in coming years
b) mobile market penetration
c) fixed – mobile substitution rates
d) is not thought to affect any aspect of the mobile market

Q8
which of the following spectrum bands was identified as part of the IMT 2000 family?
a) 1520 – 1590MHz
b) 2410 – 2490MHz
c) 82 – 105MHz
d) 450 – 470MHz

62 © Telecoms Academy
 LTE Introduction, Architecture Overview and Protocol Stack

Q9
which EPC node acts as an anchoring point for inter eNB handovers between UMTS and
LTE?
a) eNB
b) SGW
c) MME
d) PGW

Q10
which EPC node is the primary signalling node, terminating NAS signalling related to
mobility management and bearer management?
a) eNB
b) SGW
c) MME
d) PGW

Q11
the LTE protocol architecture is split into the Radio Network Layer and Transport Network
Layer, what is the general function of the Radio Network Layer?
a) basic functions of data transport including RLC and MAC
b) E-UTRAN functions including RRC and NAS
c) network access and mobility management
d) bearer control and session management

Q12
which of the following SAE reference points provides the user plane with control and
mobility support between trusted and non-trusted IP access networks and the SAE
anchor?
a) S1
b) S2a/b
c) S4
d) S5a

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LTE Radio Interface

Q13
which SAE reference point the transfer of QoS policy and charging rules from the PCRF to
the PCEP?
a) S5a
b) S5b
c) S6
d) S7

Q14
which layers of the OSI reference model may be considered as end to end protocols?
a) physical and datalink layers
b) datalink and network layers
c) transport and network layers
d) session and presentation layers

Q15
what LTE radio spectrum does band II refer to?
a) 2.1GHz
b) 800MHz
c) lower 700MHz
d) 1900MHz

Q16
roaming connections will most likely be…
a) passed through the local PDN
b) routed back to the H-PLMN
c) handled by a 3rd party
d) roaming for LTE is not yet specified

64 © Telecoms Academy
 LTE Introduction, Architecture Overview and Protocol Stack

Q17
in band 13 (XIII) of the proposed LTE spectrum bands how much radio spectrum is
available?
a) 60MHz
b) 2 x 45MHz
c) 2 x 12 MHz
d) 24MHz

Q18
the S1_MME interface carries which type of information?
a) user data only
b) user data and signalling
c) voip signalling and data
d) signalling only

Q19
in the OSI 7 layer reference model the abbreviation OSI stands for…
a) Open Standards Interface
b) Object Systems Integration
c) Open Systems Integration
d) Open Systems Interfacing

Q20
interfaces between the 2G/3G core and the EPC uses which protocol?
a) GTP
b) RLC
c) SS7
d) MTP

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LTE Radio Interface

Q21
which of the OSI reference model layers is responsible for communicating with the
application and providing communication services for it?
a) application layer
b) presentation layer
c) session layer
d) transport layer

Q22
in LTE architecture which service connects the UE to the peer entity ?
a) radio bearer
b) EPS bearer
c) external bearer
d) end to end service

Q23
In LTE architecture the EPS bearer connects which network nodes?
a) UE and eNB
b) UE and SGW
c) UE and PGW
d) UE and peer entity

Q24
in LTE architecture which bearer service connects the SGW and PGW
a) EPS bearer
b) external bearer
c) S5/S6 bearer
d) radio bearer

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 LTE Introduction, Architecture Overview and Protocol Stack

Q25
which EPC node is the entry and exit point for UE connectivity and provides deep packet
inspection, DL packet marking and service level charging ?
a) eNB
b) SGW
c) MME
d) PGW

Q26
in the LTE radio interface protocol stack which of the layers is responsible for datalink
layer functions including segmentation and reassembly, sequenced delivery and duplicate
detection?
a) RLC
b) PDCP
c) MAC
d) PHY

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 The LTE Physical Layer

section 2

The LTE Physical Layer

© Telecoms Academy 71
 The LTE Physical Layer

Self Assessment Multiple Choice Questions

OFDM Principles.....

Q1
what is one of the main features of the LTE physical layer that can be attributed to LTE
performance gains over release 6 HSPA?
a) higher power output
b) advanced antenna systems
c) lower power consumption
d) faster CPUs

Q2
OFDM or multi-carrier technology provides resilience against what radio interface effect?
a) tropospheric scattering
b) fresnel clearance
c) multi path fading
d) pathloss

Q3
ISI occurs when..
a) time shifted version of the same symbol arrive at the antenna
b) pathloss exceeds 120dB
c) when frequency distortion due to Doppler effects are present
d) when the BER exceed 10-6

Q4
the RMS delay spread is defined as..
a) the maximum time taken for signals to arrive at the antenna
b) the minimum time taken for signals to arrive at the antenna
c) the difference between the maximum and minimum times
d) the amount by which the received frequency is shifted

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LTE Radio Interface

Q5
if the delay spread is 10nS and the symbol time is 1µS the radio channel is consider to
be..
a) narrowband
b) wideband
c) Rayleigh faded
d) Doppler shifted

Q6
a radio channel that is considered to be wideband..
a) is more likely to suffer from Doppler shift
b) is more likely to experience flat fading
c) is more likely to experience frequency selective fading
d) is less likely to experience frequency selective fading

Q7
OFDM radio systems exhibit high performance in multipath fading environments due to ..
a) a higher FEC code rate
b) relatively high power transmission
c) low complexity modulation schemes
d) use of multiple sub-carriers across the channel bandwidth

Q8
the insertion of the cyclic prefix in the LTE symbol prevents loss of orthogonality due to..
a) Doppler shift
b) inter sub-carrier interference
c) inter symbol interference
d) frequency selective fading

Q9
what spacing is the sub-carrier spacing in LTE?
a) 15KHz
b) 200KHz
c) 1.25MHz
d) 5MHz

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 The LTE Physical Layer

Q10
one of the major issues with OFDM radio systems is..
a) coder complexity
b) physical size of the UE
c) high peak to average power
d) poor spectral efficiency

Q11
the high PAPR results in..
a) complex receiver design
b) poor multipath performance
c) high power consumption
d) potentially poor spectral efficiency

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 The LTE Physical Layer

Self Assessment Multiple Choice Questions

OFDMA Structure and Modulation.....

Q1
radio systems that make use of the OFDMA mechanism provide multiple access based
on..
a) time domain multiple access only
b) frequency domain multiple access only
c) multiple access based on code division
d) both time and frequency domain multiple access

Q2
in the LTE physical layer the resource block is made up of..
a) 12 sub carriers and 6 or 7 symbols
b) 12 sub carriers and 12 or 14 symbols
c) 180 sub carriers and 0.5 symbols
d) 1 x 5MHz channels and 1mS symbols

Q3
one sub carrier and one symbol create a..
a) resource block
b) resource element
c) tile
d) burst

Q4
which one of the following modulation schemes are supported by the LTE physical layer?
a) OQPSK
b) 8PSK
c) 32QAM
d) 64QAM

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LTE Radio Interface

Q5
in 16QAM modulation, how many bits per baud are there?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 4
d) 16

Q6
in order to counter the high power requirement of OFDM, LTE uses which scheme for the
uplink?
a) 64QAM
b) OFDMA
c) SC-FDMA
d) SOFDMA

Q7
in the LTE physical layer, it is generally true that higher order modulation schemes such as
64QAM require…
a) higher transmitted power
b) greater FEC complexity
c) higher signal to noise ratio
d) multiple antennas

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 The LTE Physical Layer

Self Assessment Multiple Choice Questions

LTE Timing and Frame Structures.....

Q1
the LTE frame type 1 has a duration of..
a) 1mS
b) 10mS
c) 66.67µS
d) 0.5mS

Q2
an LTE symbol has a duration of..
a) 1mS
b) 10mS
c) 66.67µS
d) 0.5mS

Q3
an LTE TTI consists of how many resource blocks
a) 1
b) 2
c) 10
d) 100

Q4
how many slots are there in an LTE sub-frame?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 10
d) 100

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LTE Radio Interface

Q5
what is the maximum number of FFT supported by the LTE physical layer?
a) 512
b) 1024
c) 2048
d) 4096

Q6
in an LTE radio channel of 5MHz bandwidth, how many occupied sub carriers are there?
a) 72
b) 300
c) 600
d) 1200

Q7
if the occupied bandwidth of an LTE radio channel is 9MHz, what is the nominal channel
bandwidth?
a) 5MHz
b) 10MHz
c) 20MHz
d) 9MHz

Q8
which LTE physical channel provides a feedback mechanism for the HARQ process?
a) PDCCH
b) PCFICH
c) PDSCH
d) PFICH

Q9
the PBCCH carries basic system information and is transmitted every..
a) 40mS
b) 80mS
c) aperiodically
d) once per radio frame

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 The LTE Physical Layer

Q10
together the primary and secondary synchronisation channels carry one of, how many
physical layer identities?
a) 3
b) 504
c) 168
d) 1024

Q11
in the uplink the PUSCH carries user data and is assigned to the UE...
once per radio frame
e) once per sub-frame
f) depends on application QoS and subscriber priority
g) only on demand from the UE

Q12
the PBCH transport channel transmits the system information messages using which
modulation scheme?
a) BPSK
b) QPSK
c) 16QAM
d) 64QAM

Q13
which of the following LTE physical layer channels uses the Zadoff-Chu sequence?
a) PBCH and PPCH
b) PSS and SSS
c) PDSCH
d) PCFICH

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LTE Radio Interface

Q14
how does the LTE UE detect the use of FDD or TDD transmission in LTE?
a) messages decoded from the MIB in the PBCH
b) preconfigured in the device
c) eNB polling
d) blindly detect from the PSS and SSS location

Q15
how does the LTE UE detect the system bandwidth in use?
a) messages decoded from the MIB in the PBCH
b) preconfigured in the device
c) eNB polling
d) blindly detect from the PSS and SSS location

Q16
in LTE the physical layer power control, the parameter α determines what property of
power control?
a) the number of RB allocated to the UE
b) the transmit power control command
c) the importance of the DL pathloss estimation
d) the allocated channel bandwidth

Q17
which physical layer process relives the upper layer CRC processing and can yield a
greater radio interface efficiency?
a) modulation
b) adaptive modulation and coding
c) Hybrid ARQ
d) ARQ

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 LTE Procedures

Self Assessment Multiple Choice Questions

Random Access.....

Q1
the procedure performed by the UE when moving from RRC_IDLE to RRC_CONNECTED
state is called?
a) UE registration
b) TA update
c) paging
d) random access

Q2
the random access procedure uses a 5 bit random preamble which is..
a) chosen by the UE
b) pre-coded in the UE
c) assigned by the EPC
d) calculated from the frame number

Q3
the random access response contains the RA-RNTI, what properties does this identity
have?
a) it is globally unique
b) in contains the MAC address of the UE
c) it unambiguously identifies the time-frequency resource used by the UE for
access
d) it contains and encrypted version of the subscriber IMSI

Q4
when the random access procedure is used during the handover, it is likely to use..
a) non-contended access
b) contended access
c) special HO access procedure
d) non-random access

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LTE Radio Interface

Q5
the random access procedure is likely to be used after which one of the following events?
a) UE registration
b) data session setup
c) RRC reconnection after radio link failure
d) UE power switch off

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 LTE Procedures

Self Assessment Multiple Choice Questions

Connection States and System Information.....

Q1
when the EPC has no specific knowledge of the UE or its location the UE is considered to
be in which mode?
a) LTE_Detached
b) LTE_Attached
c) LTE_Idle
d) LTE-Active

Q2
which type of system information block carries critical information and is retransmitted
every 40mS
a) SIB 1
b) SU 1
c) SIB 3
d) MIB

Q3
SIB 1, sometimes called the scheduling unit -1, is retransmitted every…
a) 40mS
b) 80mS
c) 10mS
d) depends on the scheduling parameters

Q4
which of the following information is contained within the master information block, MIB
a) downlink system bandwidth
b) access classes
c) cell identity
d) one bit call barring

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LTE Radio Interface

Q5
in which system information block would you find information relating to the number of
transmit antennas supported by the eNB?
a) MIB
b) SIB1
c) SIB2
d) SIB3

Q6
how long is the system information received by the UE considered to be valid for?
a) 1 hour
b) 2 hours
c) 6 hours
d) 24 hours

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 The LTE Physical Layer

Q18
in HARQ processing any errored data is..
a) discarded and repeat data is requested
b) buffered and combined with repeated data
c) discarded and no repeat data is requested
d) passed to higher layer processes with out correction

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 The LTE Physical Layer

Self Assessment Multiple Choice Questions

LTE Antenna Techniques.....

Q1
which of the following antenna techniques is likely to yield the greatest performance
improvement?
a) SISO
b) SIMO
c) MISO
d) MIMO

Q2
in closed loop MIMO the transmitter must..
a) transmit at a higher power across all antenna ports
b) have “knowledge” of the channel in order to apply some pre-coding
c) transmit only from a single antenna port
d) use higher order modulation schemes in order to scramble the data path

Q3
using 4x4 MIMO what is the theoretical data rate that is possible with a 20MHz LTE radio
channel?
a) 100Mbps
b) 172Mbps
c) 326Mbps
d) 1Gbps

Q4
in a SISO configuration how many transmit and receive antennas are there?
a) 1 Tx 1 Rx
b) 1 Tx 2 Rx
c) 2 Tx 1 Rx
d) 2 TX 2 Rx

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LTE Radio Interface

Q5
a MISO antenna configuration is better known as
a) spatial multiplexing
b) receive diversity
c) transmit diversity
d) polarisation diversity

Q6
transmit diversity is also known as..
a) spatial multiplexing
b) receive diversity
c) spatial diversity
d) polarisation multiplexing

Q7
spatial diversity used in LTE radio systems improve the performance of the radio link in
what way?
a) increased throughput due to spatial multiplexing
b) increased coverage through higher SNR
c) increased capacity through lower SNR
d) increased spectral efficiency through higher coding gains

Q8
which of the following MIMO modes does not increase individual UE throughputs but offer
a higher cell capacity?
a) MISO
b) SU-MIMO
c) Co-MIMO
d) MU-MIMO

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 The LTE Physical Layer

End-Of-Section 2 Multiple Choice Questions

Q1
in an LTE radio channel of 5MHz bandwidth, how many occupied sub carriers are there?
a) 72
b) 300
c) 600
d) 1200

Q2
ISI occurs when..
a) time shifted version of the same symbol arrive at the antenna
b) pathloss exceeds 120dB
c) when frequency distortion due to Doppler effects are present
d) when the BER exceed 10-6

Q3
a radio channel that is considered to be wideband..
a) is more likely to suffer from Doppler shift
b) is more likely to experience flat fading
c) is more likely to experience frequency selective fading
d) is less likely to experience frequency selective fading

Q4
the insertion of the cyclic prefix in the LTE symbol prevents loss of orthogonality due to..
a) Doppler shift
b) inter sub-carrier interference
c) inter symbol interference
d) frequency selective fading

© Telecoms Academy 155

LTE Radio Interface

Q5
what spacing is the sub-carrier spacing in LTE?
a) 15KHz
b) 200KHz
c) 1.25MHz
d) 5MHz

Q6
the high PAPR results in..
a) complex receiver design
b) poor multipath performance
c) high power consumption
d) potentially poor spectral efficiency

Q7
one sub carrier and one symbol create a..
a) resource block
b) resource element
c) tile
d) burst

Q8
OFDM or multi-carrier technology provides resilience against what radio interface effect?
a) tropospheric scattering
b) fresnel clearance
c) multi path fading
d) pathloss

Q9
transmit diversity is also known as..
a) spatial multiplexing
b) receive diversity
c) spatial diversity
d) polarisation multiplexing

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 The LTE Physical Layer

Q10 which one of the following modulation schemes are supported by the LTE physical
layer?
a) OQPSK
b) 8PSK
c) 32QAM
d) 64QAM

Q11
in order to counter the high power requirement of OFDM, LTE uses which scheme for the
uplink?
a) 64QAM
b) OFDMA
c) SC-FDMA
d) SOFDMA

Q12
in HARQ processing any errored data is..
a) discarded and repeat data is requested
b) buffered and combined with repeated data
c) discarded and no repeat data is requested
d) passed to higher layer processes with out correction

Q13
in the LTE physical layer, it is generally true that higher order modulation schemes such as
64QAM require…
a) higher transmitted power
b) greater FEC complexity
c) higher signal to noise ratio
d) multiple antennas

© Telecoms Academy 157

LTE Radio Interface

Q14
an LTE symbol has a duration of..
a) 1mS
b) 10mS
c) 66.67µS
d) 0.5mS

Q15
an LTE TTI consists of how many resource blocks
a) 1
b) 2
c) 10
d) 100

Q16
how many slots are there in an LTE sub-frame?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 10
d) 100

Q17
if the delay spread is 10nS and the symbol time is 1µS the radio channel is consider to
be..
a) narrowband
b) wideband
c) Rayleigh faded
d) Doppler shifted

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 The LTE Physical Layer

Q18
if the occupied bandwidth of an LTE radio channel is 9MHz, what is the nominal channel
bandwidth?
a) 5MHz
b) 10MHz
c) 20MHz
d) 9MHz

Q19
the PBCCH carries basic system information and is transmitted every..
a) 40mS
b) 80mS
c) aperiodically
d) once per radio frame

Q20
radio systems that make use of the OFDMA mechanism provide multiple access based
on..
a) time domain multiple access only
b) frequency domain multiple access only
c) multiple access based on code division
d) both time and frequency domain multiple access

Q21
together the primary and secondary synchronisation channels carry one of, how many
physical layer identities?
a) 3
b) 504
c) 168
d) 1024

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LTE Radio Interface

Q22
MIMO systems make use of what type of overhead information in order to measure the
channel response?
a) reference signals
b) training sequences
c) synchronisation signals
d) system information messages

Q23
which of the following LTE physical layer channels uses the Zadoff-Chu sequence?
a) PBCH and PPCH
b) PSS and SSS
c) PDSCH
d) PCFICH

Q24
how does the LTE UE detect the use of FDD or TDD transmission in LTE?
a) messages decoded from the MIB in the PBCH
b) preconfigured in the device
c) eNB polling
d) blindly detect from the PSS and SSS location

Q25
in LTE the physical layer power control, the parameter α determines what property of
power control?
a) the number of RB allocated to the UE
b) the transmit power control command
c) the importance of the DL pathloss estimation
d) the allocated channel bandwidth

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Q26
which of the following antenna techniques is likely to yield the greatest performance
improvement?
a) SISO
b) SIMO
c) MISO
d) MIMO

Q27
using 4x4 MIMO what is the theoretical data rate that is possible with a 20MHz LTE radio
channel?
a) 100Mbps
b) 172Mbps
c) 326Mbps
d) 1Gbps

Q28
a MISO antenna configuration is better known as
a) spatial multiplexing
b) receive diversity
c) transmit diversity
d) polarisation diversity

Q29
which of the following MIMO modes does not increase individual UE throughputs but offer
a higher cell capacity?
a) MISO
b) SU-MIMO
c) Co-MIMO
d) MU-MIMO

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Q30
which of the following best defines the operation of Co-MIMO
a) two eNB collaborating to transmit multiple streams to a single UE
b) one eNB exploiting the DL multipath to transmit to multiple UEs
c) one eNB exploiting the DL multipath to transmit to a single UE
d) two eNB exploiting the DL multipath to transmit to multiple UEs

Q31
what is the theoretical capacity gain of a 4 x 2 MIMO antenna configuration?
a) x2
b) x3
c) x4
d) x8

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Q9
which of the following best defines the operation of Co-MIMO
a) two eNB collaborating to transmit multiple streams to a single UE
b) one eNB exploiting the DL multipath to transmit to multiple UEs
c) one eNB exploiting the DL multipath to transmit to a single UE
d) two eNB exploiting the DL multipath to transmit to multiple UEs

Q10
antenna systems that direct the radiated energy directly toward a UE location are referred
to as..
a) MIMO
b) diversity system
c) beamforming
d) omni-directional

Q11
what is the theoretical capacity gain of a 4 x 2 MIMO antenna configuration?
a) x2
b) x3
c) x4
d) x8

Q12
in closed loop MIMO the transmitter must..
a) transmit at a higher power across all antenna ports
b) have “knowledge” of the channel in order to apply some pre-coding
c) transmit only from a single antenna port
d) use higher order modulation schemes in order to scramble the data path

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 The LTE Protocols Layer 2 MAC, RLC and PDCP

Self Assessment Multiple Choice Questions

Logical, Transport and Physical Channels in LTE.....

Q1
which of the following LTE protocol stack layers is responsible for mapping logical
channels to transport channels?
a) PHY
b) MAC
c) RLC
d) PDCP

Q2
which of the following LTE protocol stack layers is responsible for error correction using
HARQ?
a) PHY
b) MAC
c) RLC
d) PDCP

Q3
LTE channels that are defined by the type of information that they carry are referred to as?
logical channels
e) transport channels
f) physical channels
g) radio bearers

Q4
LTE channels that define the way in which information is transmitted are known as?
a) logical channels
b) transport channels
c) physical channels
d) radio bearers

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LTE Radio Interface

Q5
BCCH, PCCH and DCCH are all…
a) logical channels
b) transport channels
c) physical channels
d) radio bearers

Q6
PDSCH, PDCCH and PBCH are all..
a) logical channels
b) transport channels
c) physical channels
d) radio bearers

Q7
which logical channel is used to exchange signalling information between the UE and eNB
where no RRC connection is in place?
a) BCCH
b) MCCH
c) CCCH
d) DCCH

Q8
application level signalling such as SIP messages would be transferred using which
logical channel?
a) DCCH
b) CCCH
c) DTCH
d) MTCH

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Q9
which of the following transport channels allow the dynamic use of resources, HARQ and
adaptive modulation and coding?
a) BCH
b) DL-SCH
c) PCH
d) RACH

Q10
which of the following transport channels has a fixed format largely defined by the
requirement to ensure the signalling content can be decoded across the entire radio cell?
a) BCH
b) DL-SCH
c) PCH
d) RACH

Q11
which of the following physical channels are not mapped above the physical layer?
a) PBCH
b) PDSH
c) PRACH
d) PUCCH

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 The LTE Protocols Layer 2 MAC, RLC and PDCP

Self Assessment Multiple Choice Questions

MAC Layer Functions.....

Q1
in the MAC header which information element carries information relating to the round trip
delay in the channel?
a) logical channel identity field
b) buffer size
c) DRX command field
d) timing advance field

Q2
what is the name given to the MAC layer function that manages the packet data queues?
a) QoS
b) priority handling
c) buffer control
d) contention resolution

Q3
CQI, QoS, MIMO rank and subscriber priority are all used by which MAC layer process?
a) QoS
b) priority handling
c) buffer control
d) contention resolution

Q4
incremental redundancy and chase combining are methods used by which MAC layer
function ?
a) forward error correction
b) adaptive modulation and coding
c) priority handling
d) HARQ

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LTE Radio Interface

Q5
in the HARQ process retransmission in the downlink are..
a) synchronous
b) asynchronous
c) autonomous
d) automatic

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section 3

The LTE Protocols Layer 2 MAC,

RLC and PDCP

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 The LTE Protocols Layer 2 MAC, RLC and PDCP

Self Assessment Multiple Choice Questions

RLC Functions.....

Q1
which of the following functions is carried out by the LTE RLC protocol layer?
a) logical to transport channel mapping
b) transport to physical channel mapping
c) acknowledged mode transfer of data
d) hybrid ARQ processes

Q2
which one of the following RLC data transfer modes is supported?
a) error control mode
b) transport mode
c) unsequenced mode
d) transparent mode

Q3
when the LTE RLC protocol operates in acknowledged mode, which of the following
functions is supported?
a) unacknowledged data transfer
b) error checking
c) retransmission requests
d) header compression

Q4
which RLC data transfer mode supports all of the following functions; segmentation,
reassembly, packet retransmission, packet sequencing?
a) UM
b) TM
c) AM
d) PM

© Telecoms Academy 201

LTE Radio Interface

Q5
in the RLC transparent mode data transfer which of the following frame headers are
present?
a) sequence number field
b) re-segmentation flag
c) extension bit
d) there are no headers

Q6
the RLC function that assembles multiple SDUs in to a single RLC frame is known as?
a) segmentation
b) re-assembly
c) concatenation
d) retransmission

Q7
the size of the RLC frame is determined by…
a) the underlying layers, MAC and PHY
b) the application
c) QoS settings
d) negotiated by the UE

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Q13
MIMO systems make use of what type of overhead information in order to measure the
channel response?
a) reference signals
b) training sequences
c) synchronisation signals
d) system information messages

Q14
the UE reports the quality of the radio channel to the eNB via a..
a) PMI
b) rank indication
c) measurement report
d) CQI

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 The LTE Protocols Layer 2 MAC, RLC and PDCP

Self Assessment Multiple Choice Questions

RRC Layer Functions.....

Q1
which of the following services are supported by the RRC layer?
a) establishment and released of radio resources
b) transport channel mapping
c) header compression and encryption
d) authentication and admission control

Q2
which state is the UE RRC layer said to be in, when there is no RRC connection with the
network?
a) RRC_CONNECTED
b) RRC_ACTIVE
c) RRC_IDLE
d) RRC_DETACHED

Q3
if the UE is performing PLMN selections, monitoring paging channels, performing cell
reselections and decoding system information messages, which RRC state is being used?
a) RRC_CONNECTED
b) RRC_ACTIVE
c) RRC_IDLE
d) RRC_DETACHED

Q4
if the UE is considered to be in the LTE_DETATCHED state, what RRC state will the UE
be in?
a) RRC_IDLE
b) RRC_CONNECTED
c) RRC_DETACHED
d) there is no RRC state defined

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LTE Radio Interface

Q5
if the UE has a communication context with the network and is able to transmit or receive
data, what RRC state is the UE in?
a) RRC_CONNECTED
b) RRC_ACTIVE
c) RRC_IDLE
d) RRC_DETACHED

Q6
the LTE UE RRC states can be mapped to 2.5G/3G states, RRC_CONNECTED state can
be mapped to..
a) GSM_IDLE/GPRS packet_idle
b) CELL_PCH
c) CELL_FACH
d) GSM_CONNECTED/GPRS packet transfer mode

Q7
Which SRB is used by the RRC to transfer low priority NAS messages?
a) SRB0
b) SRB1
c) SRB2
d) SRB2a

Q8
which SRB would be used to carry RRC messages and some piggybacked NAS
messages?
a) SRB0
b) SRB1
c) SRB2
d) SRB2a

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Q9
what type of messages may be transferred using SRB0?
a) messages sent using the CCCH logical channel
b) RRC messages sent in the DCCH logical channel
c) low priority NAS messages sent on the DCCH
d) system information messages

Q10
a RB (not SRB) would be used to transfer what kind of data?
a) messages sent using the CCCH logical channel
b) RRC messages sent in the DCCH logical channel
c) low priority NAS messages sent on the DCCH
d) user plane traffic mapped to the DTCH logical channel

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 The LTE Protocols Layer 2 MAC, RLC and PDCP

End-Of-Section 3 Multiple Choice Questions

Q1
in the MAC header which information element carries information relating to the round trip
delay in the channel?
a) logical channel identity field
b) buffer size
c) DRX command field
d) timing advance field

Q2
a RB (not SRB) would be used to transfer what kind of data?
a) messages sent using the CCCH logical channel
b) RRC messages sent in the DCCH logical channel
c) low priority NAS messages sent on the DCCH
d) user plane traffic mapped to the DTCH logical channel

Q3
which of the following LTE protocol stack layers is responsible for error correction using
HARQ?
a) PHY
b) MAC
c) RLC
d) PDCP

Q4
which of the following functions is carried out by the LTE PDCP protocol layer?
a) sequencing and duplicate detection
b) error detection and retransmission
c) logical channel mapping
d) packet reassembly

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LTE Radio Interface

Q5
LTE channels that define the way in which information is transmitted are known as?
a) logical channels
b) transport channels
c) physical channels
d) radio bearers

Q6
which one of the following RLC data transfer modes is supported?
a) error control mode
b) transport mode
c) unsequenced mode
d) transparent mode

Q7
PDSCH, PDCCH and PBCH are all..
a) logical channels
b) transport channels
c) physical channels
d) radio bearers

Q8
which logical channel is used to exchange signalling information between the UE and eNB
where no RRC connection is in place?
a) BCCH
b) MCCH
c) CCCH
d) DCCH

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Q9
which of the following transport channels has a fixed format largely defined by the
requirement to ensure the signalling content can be decoded across the entire radio cell?
a) BCH
b) DL-SCH
c) PCH
d) RACH

Q10
which of the following physical channels are not mapped above the physical layer?
a) PBCH
b) PDSH
c) PRACH
d) PUCCH

Q11
which of the following LTE protocol stack layers is responsible for mapping logical
channels to transport channels?
a) PHY
b) MAC
c) RLC
d) PDCP

Q12
CQI, QoS, MIMO rank and subscriber priority are all used by which MAC layer process?
a) QoS
b) priority handling
c) buffer control
d) contention resolution

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LTE Radio Interface

Q13
incremental redundancy and chase combining are methods used by which MAC layer
function ?
a) forward error correction
b) adaptive modulation and coding
c) priority handling
d) HARQ

Q14
which of the following functions is carried out by the LTE RLC protocol layer?
a) logical to transport channel mapping
b) transport to physical channel mapping
c) acknowledged mode transfer of data
d) hybrid ARQ processes

Q15
BCCH, PCCH and DCCH are all…
a) logical channels
b) transport channels
c) physical channels
d) radio bearers

Q16
when the LTE RLC protocol operates in acknowledged mode, which of the following
functions is supported?
a) unacknowledged data transfer
b) error checking
c) retransmission requests
d) header compression

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Q17
which state is the UE RRC layer said to be in, when there is no RRC connection with the
network?
a) RRC_CONNECTED
b) RRC_ACTIVE
c) RRC_IDLE
d) RRC_DETACHED

Q18
in the RLC transparent mode data transfer which of the following frame headers are
present?
a) sequence number field
b) re-segmentation flag
c) extension bit
d) there are no headers

Q19
the RLC function that assembles multiple SDUs in to a single RLC frame is known as?
a) segmentation
b) re-assembly
c) concatenation
d) retransmission

Q20
what header compression mechanism is supported by the ROHC function?
a) RFC 1142
b) V.42bis
c) ROHC
d) bit puncturing

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LTE Radio Interface

Q21
which of the following protocol headers can be compressed by the PDCP compression
function?
a) TCP and IP
b) MAC and RLC
c) HTTP and SMTP
d) FTP and DHCP

Q22
if the UE has a communication context with the network and is able to transmit or receive
data, what RRC state is the UE in?
a) RRC_CONNECTED
b) RRC_ACTIVE
c) RRC_IDLE
d) RRC_DETACHED

Q23
the PDCP protocol layer provides encryption functions but which of the following
information will be encrypted?
a) RLC and MAC
b) PHY signals
c) SIP and RTP
d) system information messages

Q24
application level signalling such as SIP messages would be transferred using which
logical channel?
a) DCCH
b) CCCH
c) DTCH
d) MTCH

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Q25
fully compressed packets are exchanged by the PDCP compression function when both
peer layer are in which mode?
a) no context
b) initial context
c) full context
d) packet active

Q26
when RTP, UDP and IP are used there can be up to 40 bytes of information in the header,
ROHC compression could reduce this information to…
a) 6 bits
b) 6 bytes
c) 40 bits
d) 40 bytes

Q27
which of the following services are supported by the RRC layer?
a) establishment and released of radio resources
b) transport channel mapping
c) header compression and encryption
d) authentication and admission control

Q28
if the UE is performing PLMN selections, monitoring paging channels, performing cell
reselections and decoding system information messages, which RRC state is being used?
a) RRC_CONNECTED
b) RRC_ACTIVE
c) RRC_IDLE
d) RRC_DETACHED

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LTE Radio Interface

Q29
if the UE is considered to be in the LTE_DETATCHED state, what RRC state will the UE
be in?
a) RRC_IDLE
b) RRC_CONNECTED
c) RRC_DETACHED
d) there is no RRC state defined

Q30
the PDCP function that allows detection of message manipulation and “man-in-the-middle”
attacks is known as?
a) encryption
b) message integrity checking
c) ARQ
d) authorisation

Q31
which RLC data transfer mode supports all of the following functions; segmentation,
reassembly, packet retransmission, packet sequencing?
a) UM
b) TM
c) AM
d) PM

Q32
which SRB is used by the RRC to transfer low priority NAS messages?
a) SRB0
b) SRB1
c) SRB2
d) SRB2a

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Q33
which SRB would be used to carry RRC messages and some piggybacked NAS
messages?
a) SRB0
b) SRB1
c) SRB2
d) SRB2a

Q34
what type of messages may be transferred using SRB0?
a) messages sent using the CCCH logical channel
b) RRC messages sent in the DCCH logical channel
c) low priority NAS messages sent on the DCCH
d) system information messages

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section 4

LTE Procedures

© Telecoms Academy 245

 LTE Procedures

Self Assessment Multiple Choice Questions

Cell Selection and Reselection.....

Q1
a UE may make a PLMN selection based on..
a) signalling from the EPC
b) information stored on the SIM and/or best cell ranking
c) cell identity
d) user identity

Q2
which of the following cell ranking is consider the highest (best) by the UE?
a) suitable cell
b) acceptable cell
c) reserved cell
d) barred cell

Q3
UE will rank cells for selection based on which calculated parameter?
a) Qrxlevmin
b) Pcompensation
c) Qrxlevmeas
d) Srxlev

Q4
the calculated parameters or Rs and Rn are use by the UE during which process
a) cell selection
b) handover
c) measurement reporting
d) cell re-selection

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Q5
cell re-selection will take place when..
a) Rs > Rn
b) Rn > Rs
c) Rn = Rs
d) a new PLMN is detected

Q6
the re-selection parameters Tre-selection and Qhyst scaled according the..
a) number of cells in the neighbour cell list
b) relative received signal strength of the serving and neighbour cells
c) mobility state of the UE, high, med, low
d) level of traffic in the neighbour cells

Q7
when the UE is in the RRC_CONNECTED state the radio access network knows where
the UE is on a…
a) system level basis
b) RNC level basis
c) tracking area basis
d) cell level basis

Q8
the EPC records the location of the user down to a…
a) cell area
b) location area
c) tracking area
d) registration area

Q9
the UE will perform tracking area updates…
a) when battery level is low
b) on request by the user
c) at initial registration
d) before establishing an EPS bearer

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Self Assessment Multiple Choice Questions

PDCP Layer Functions.....

Q1
which of the following functions is carried out by the LTE PDCP protocol layer?
a) sequencing and duplicate detection
b) error detection and retransmission
c) logical channel mapping
d) packet reassembly

Q2
what header compression mechanism is supported by the ROHC function?
a) RFC 1142
b) V.42bis
c) ROHC
d) bit puncturing

Q3
which of the following protocol headers can be compressed by the PDCP compression
function?
a) TCP and IP
b) MAC and RLC
c) HTTP and SMTP
d) FTP and DHCP

Q4
the PDCP protocol layer provides encryption functions but which of the following
information will be encrypted?
a) RLC and MAC
b) PHY signals
c) SIP and RTP
d) system information messages

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Q10
when the UE is registered to multiple tracking areas…
a) it must perform TA updates when ever it changes TA
b) will not perform TA updates whilst moving between the register areas
c) will perform TA updates only when instructed by the EPC
d) will only perform periodic TA updates

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Self Assessment Multiple Choice Questions

RRC Connections, Security and Handover.....

Q1
after the UE and eNB have exchanged the RRC Connection Request, RRC connection
Setup and RRC connection Setup Complete messages, what RRC state will the UE be in?
a) RRC_CONNECTED
b) RRC_IDLE
c) LTE_IDLE
d) EMM_REGISTERED

Q2
which of the following purposes does the Registration procedure serve?
a) exchange of user data
b) mutual UE-EPC authentication
c) configuration of QoS parameters
d) setup of VoIP connections

Q3
the registration procedure messages are exchanged between..
a) the UE and eNB
b) the UE and SGW
c) the UE and MME
d) the UE and PGW

Q4
during the registration procedure the UE establishes a data connection with the SWG and
PGW, what is the name given to this connection.
a) data session
b) PDP context
c) initial bearer
d) packet data connection

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LTE Radio Interface

Q5
what is the purpose of the initial bearer setup during the registration of the UE?
a) allows immediate access to the internet
b) higher layer applications use this to register their services, e.g. email, SIP
c) to allow the negotiation of further RRC resources
d) to allow registration on the 2G/3G network

Q6
the security mechanisms used in LTE registration are similar to the procedures used in?
a) GSM
b) GPRS
c) UMTS
d) TETRA

Q7
what two values are compared in the EPC to process the authentication of the UE?
a) AUTN and RAND
b) RAND and RES
c) RES and AUTN
d) RES and XRES

Q8
in LTE, which network node will make the handover decisions?
a) MME
b) UE
c) SGW
d) eNB

Q9
LTE handover are likely to use which network interface ?
a) S1-MME
b) S1-U
c) X2
d) S6

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Q10
gap assisted measurements to assist with the LTE handover are likely to be used under
which scenario?
a) intra-frequency measurement where channel bandwidths are the same
b) intra-frequency measurements where channel bandwidths are different
c) inter-frequency measurements where channel bandwidths are the same
d) intra-frequency measurements on adjacent sectors

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End-Of-Section 4 Multiple Choice Questions

Q1
the EPC records the location of the user down to a…
a) A cell area
b) B location area
c) C tracking area
d) D registration area

Q2
which of the following cell ranking is consider the highest (best) by the UE?
a) A suitable cell
b) B acceptable cell
c) C reserved cell
d) D barred cell

Q3
when the EPC has no specific knowledge of the UE or its location the UE is considered to
be in which mode?
a) A LTE_Detached
b) B LTE_Attached
c) C LTE_Idle
d) D LTE-Active

Q4
which of the following information is contained within the master information block, MIB
a) A downlink system bandwidth
b) B access classes
c) C cell identity
d) D one bit call barring

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Q5
how long is the system information received by the UE considered to be valid for?
a) A 1 hour
b) B 2 hours
c) C 6 hours
d) D 24 hours

Q6
when the random access procedure is used during the handover, it is likely to use..
a) non-contended access
b) contended access
c) special HO access procedure
d) non-random access

Q7
the calculated parameters or Rs and Rn are use by the UE during which process
a) cell selection
b) handover
c) measurement reporting
d) cell re-selection

Q8
gap assisted measurements to assist with the LTE handover are likely to be used under
which scenario?
a) intra-frequency measurement where channel bandwidths are the same
b) intra-frequency measurements where channel bandwidths are different
c) inter-frequency measurements where channel bandwidths are the same
d) intra-frequency measurements on adjacent sectors

Q9
the re-selection parameters Tre-selection and Qhyst scaled according the..
a) number of cells in the neighbour cell list
b) relative received signal strength of the serving and neighbour cells
c) mobility state of the UE, high, med, low
d) level of traffic in the neighbour cells

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Q10
SIB 1, sometimes called the scheduling unit -1, is retransmitted every…
a) 40mS
b) 80mS
c) 10mS
d) depends on the scheduling parameters

Q11
the procedure performed by the UE when moving from RRC_IDLE to RRC_CONNECTED
state is called?
a) UE registration
b) TA update
c) paging
d) random access

Q12
cell re-selection will take place when..
a) Rs > Rn
b) Rn > Rs
c) Rn = Rs
d) a new PLMN is detected

Q13
the random access procedure uses a 5 bit random preamble which is..
a) chosen by the UE
b) pre-coded in the UE
c) assigned by the EPC
d) calculated from the frame number

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Q14
the random access response contains the RA-RNTI, what properties does this identity
have?
a) it is globally unique
b) in contains the MAC address of the UE
c) it unambiguously identifies the time-frequency resource used by the UE for
access
d) it contains and encrypted version of the subscriber IMSI

Q15
after the UE and eNB have exchanged the RRC Connection Request, RRC connection
Setup and RRC connection Setup Complete messages, what RRC state will the UE be in?
a) RRC_CONNECTED
b) RRC_IDLE
c) LTE_IDLE
d) EMM_REGISTERED

Q16
a UE may make a PLMN selection based on..
a) signalling from the EPC
b) information stored on the SIM and/or best cell ranking
c) cell identity
d) user identity

Q17
during the registration procedure the UE establishes a data connection with the SWG and
PGW, what is the name given to this connection.
a) data session
b) PDP context
c) initial bearer
d) packet data connection

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Q18
which of the following purposes does the Registration procedure serve?
a) exchange of user data
b) mutual UE-EPC authentication
c) configuration of QoS parameters
d) setup of VoIP connections

Q19
what is the purpose of the initial bearer setup during the registration of the UE?
a) allows immediate access to the internet
b) higher layer applications use this to register their services, e.g. email, SIP
c) to allow the negotiation of further RRC resources
d) to allow registration on the 2G/3G network

Q20
the security mechanisms used in LTE registration are similar to the procedures used in?
a) GSM
b) GPRS
c) UMTS
d) TETRA

Q21
in LTE, which network node will make the handover decisions?
a) MME
b) UE
c) SGW
d) eNB

Q22
the UE will perform tracking area updates…
a) when battery level is low
b) on request by the user
c) at initial registration
d) before establishing an EPS bearer

© Telecoms Academy 301

LTE Radio Interface

Q5
the PDCP function that allows detection of message manipulation and “man-in-the-middle”
attacks is known as?
a) encryption
b) message integrity checking
c) ARQ
d) authorisation

Q6
the ROHC is a 3 state machine, which of the following are the 3 possible states?
a) sleep, idle and active
b) off, idle and on
c) no context, initial context, full context
d) null, unregistered and registered

Q7
fully compressed packets are exchanged by the PDCP compression function when both
peer layer are in which mode?
a) no context
b) initial context
c) full context
d) packet active

Q8
when RTP, UDP and IP are used there can be up to 40 bytes of information in the header,
ROHC compression could reduce this information to…
a) 6 bits
b) 6 bytes
c) 40 bits
d) 40 bytes

214 © Telecoms Academy