OUTLINE OF ARTICLE ANALYSIS/ELC550

OUTLINE OF ARTICLE ANALYSIS (15 MARKS)

Using information from the four (4) articles, write an outline based on the topic.
You are required to:
 write EIGHT (8) main ideas (i.e. 2 main ideas from each article)
 include a minimum of FOUR (4) supporting details for each main idea taken
from the articles
Reminder:
 All topic sentences and supporting details must be written in complete sentences.

OUTLINE OF ARTICLE ANALYSIS

Group Members : 1. Nur Umairah Binti Ibrahim

2. Nur Hidayah Binti Hamzah
3. Nurul Atikah Izzati Binti Rohaimi

TITLE: The Pros and Cons of Online Learning

Thesis statement: There are many pros and cons involving online learning especially towards
students and lecturers in university.

Point 1: The benefits of online learning for students.

Supporting details: a) Most students considered online learning had an advantage of

allowing them to communicate more directly with their lecturers
than they did in regular classroom environments. (Kim, K.J, Liu, S.,
Bonk & C.J., 2005).

b) Students noticed they were interested in their learning as they

frequently discussed with their professors about their subjects. (Kim,
K.J, Liu, S., Bonk & C.J., 2005).

c) According to a student, he getting closer with the lecturers by

knowing their career paths. He also got posivite feedbacks about
their projects and stated that he is getting comfortable with this kind
of lesson. (Kim, K.J, Liu, S., Bonk & C.J., 2005).
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d) Most of the students surveyed approved that their relationship

between both lecturers and classmates become closer and created a
meaningful experience. (Kim, K.J, Liu, S., Bonk & C.J., 2005).

Point 2: Online learning becomes more flexible towards students.

Supporting details: a) Almost every students questioned highlighted the flexibility as the
main pros of online learning. (Kim, K.J, Liu, S., Bonk & C.J.,
2005).

b) Since many of those students were grownups who juggled between

many commitments, they were able to learn anytime and anywhere
following their convenient. (Kim, K.J, Liu, S., Bonk & C.J., 2005).

c) According to a student interviewed, he agreed that he can study

anytime he want without worrying about time constraints as he don’t
need to go out for classes. (Kim, K.J, Liu, S., Bonk & C.J., 2005).

d) His neighbor suggested to try this method of learning as a new

challenge from college which assumed to be convenient and more
free to do anything. (Kim, K.J, Liu, S., Bonk & C.J., 2005).

e) More than half percent students that being surveyed thinked that they
can use the time efficiently while the online learning being held in
their college. (Kim, K.J, Liu, S., Bonk & C.J., 2005).

Conclusion: Majority of students agreed that online learning as a new approach of modern
education that gives more advantages.

Point 3: Online learning can give benefits both to lecturers and students.

Supporting details: a) A socially inept student who may not be involved in a classroom
learning environment can speak up in an online forum where they
have more time to think before they need to give an opinion.
(Young, 2002).

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b) Faculty revealed that online learning increased level of involvement

both with fellow classmates and with their professor , indicating
that the online class provides a less stressful environment for student
involvement, especially accommodating students who appear to be
less verbal. (Gould, 2003).

c) In fact, the increased engagement leads to a more welcoming

atmosphere, allowing all students to have a more diverse and
enjoyable learning experience. (Gould, 2003).

d) In an online discussion environment , students are not only more

communicative but also more avoiding unnecessary prejudice.
(DeLacey & Leonard, 2002).

e) Although some educators may still argue that a classroom learning

is the suitable teaching method, online education provides sufficient
opportunities to create social relationships between teachers and
students. (Smith & L.L, 2010).

Point 4: Development of virtual teaming skills beneficial for students.

Supporting details: a) Some of the students interviewed commented that online learning
environment work with peers was beneficial for them to develop
virtual teaming skills, which are an increasingly necessary skill for
the workforce local business climate. (Kim, K.J, Liu, S., Bonk &
C.J., 2005).

b) One student indicated how his virtual experience of teaming in

online MBA courses could be help him improve his work skills.
(Kim, K.J, Liu, S., Bonk & C.J., 2005).

c) Most of the student respondents agreed that the online MBA virtual
teaming experiences were helpful for their learning. (Kim, K.J, Liu,
S., Bonk & C.J., 2005).

d) The respondents expressed that team work was way more important
to their learning than individual work in Online MBA Lessons.
(Kim, K.J, Liu, S., Bonk & C.J., 2005).

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Conclusion: Online learning improves teamwork skills between students and enhance their
confidence to speak up their opinions or ideas.

Point 5: Students isolation bring more challenges.

Supporting details: a) The level of discomfort and anxiety felt by the students in the
conduct of study activities due to isolation. (Lightner &
LightnerLaws, 2016).

b) Students alienation and isolation in online learning. (Chyr, Shen,

Chiang, Lin & Tsal, 2017).

c) Students feel nervous and anxious about using video projection,

the microphones and speakers. (Szeto & Cheng, 2016).

d) Remote students uncomfortable being center of attention. (Bower,

2015).

e) Students may fall into isolation alienation owing to their hesitation

in participating in online communities due to a variety of factors,
such as temperament, sense of transactional distance in online
environments, lack of trust and confidence in the members of the
online community, lack of contact signals link difficulties, weak
writing skills or language barriers. (D Randy Garrison, 2011).

Point 6: Technological literacy and competency challenges has become necessary for
students in pursuit of today's modern education.

Supporting details: a) Lack of student literacy on the use of learning technology as a

weakness of blended instructional learning. (Brown, 2016).

b) The technical analphabetism of students and the lack of time

management skills contributed to delays in receiving immediate
input from their instructors, thereby making students uninterested
and delaying their study activities. (Zacharis,2015).

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c) The technological needs competency for students with blended

learning. (G. Akçayır & Akçayır, 2018).

d) Student lacking knowledge and expertise in the use of different

hardware and software components may not be capable of
successfully handling the complexity of technological variations and
interfaces for study. (P. Prasad et al., 2018).

e) It is thought that the present generation of students faces less

problems using technology than former generations as
‘technological born’ are considered. (M. Akçayır, Dündar, &
Akçayır 2016).

Conclusion: Online learning is affected by students isolation and technological literacy and
competency.

Point 7: This will effect that lack of access and skills to make effective use of the tools are
potential barriers.

Supporting details: a) Since time is not a limitation for online students, trying to keep track
of classes and assignments is an additional task. (Cultus, 2017).

b) This may impact the ability of the child to successfully control the
time. (Cultus, 2017).

c) This can also be an obstacle as children with little cognitive ability

may take longer to complete a task and that would not help to
increase the potential to understand more quickly. (Cultus, 2017)

d) Students should be able to take part in simulated classes, practice

each other's coaching and attempt various teaching devices.
(Chris, 2020).

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Point 8: There will be a difficulty in communicating with peers in online settings.

Supporting details: a) It was difficult to interact with other students to complete

academic tasks. (Kim, K.J , Liu, S., Bonk & C.J., 2005).

b) The lack of emotional interaction as they collaborated with a group

in the virtual learning environment. (Kim, K.J , Liu, S., Bonk &
C.J., 2005).

c) Lack of emotional interaction has been a main barrier to effective

student communication. (Kim, K.J , Liu, S., Bonk & C.J., 2005).

d) Almost all of the interaction through e-mail, group chat or

conversation groups, but do not get together offline. (Kumar.D,
2015).

Conclusion: Online learning effects lack of access and skills then difficulty in communicating
with peers in online settings.

Overall Conclusion : Online learning have both pros and cons but online learning can be
more beneficial to students that have better accessibility of network connection and facility to
go through the online learning.

REFERENCES BASED ON APA FORMAT (4 ARTICLES)

Rasheed, R.A., Kamsin, A., & Abdullah, N.A ( 2019 ). Challenges in the online component of
blended learning. A systematic review. Journal of Computers & Education, 144( 2020 ),
103701.
Kim, K.J., Liu, S., Bonk, C.J., ( 2005 ). Online MBA students’ perceptions of online learning:
Benefits, challenges, and suggestions. Journal of Internet and Higher Education. 8, 335-344.
doi: 10.106/j.ihedue.2005.09.005.
So, H.J.,& Bonk, C.J.( 2010 ). Examining the Roles of Blended Learning Approaches in
Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning ( CSCL ) Environment: A Delphi Study.
Educational Technology & Society, 13(3), 189-200.
Smith, L.L.( 2010 ). Exploring the Advantages of Blended Instruction at Community Colleges
and Technical Schools. MERLOT Journal of Online Learning and Teaching, 6(2).
Cultus. ( 2017 ). Pros and cons of online learning for students with learning disabilities.
Education program, learning resources. ULTUS.
Chris, D. ( 2020 ). 33+ Pros & Cons of Online School (in 2020). Retrieved from
HelpfulProfessor.com.
Kumar, D. ( 2015 ). Pros and Cons of Online Education North Carolina State University.
Raleigh, NC.
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CRITICAL COMMENTS BASED ON THE FOUR ARTICLES

TONE/BIAS:
Article 1: Objective
Article 2: Authoritative
Article 3: Optimistic
Article 4 : Fair

INTENDED AUDIENCE:
Article 1: Professional educators and expertise in education
Article 2: Students and lecturers
Article 3: Students, lecturers and related parties
Article 4 : Educators

PURPOSE OF ARTICLE:
Article 1: To examine the roles of blended learning based on a Delphi Study.
Article 2: To show to the audience about the benefits, challenges and suggestions of
online learning based on online MBA students’ perceptions.
Article 3: To explore the advantages of blended instruction at community colleges
and technical schools.
Article 4: To tell the audience challenges in the online component of blended
learning.

ADDITIONAL COMMENTS ABOUT THE ARTICLES:

Article 1: The article is reader friendly.
Article 2: The article is using a simple language that is both clear and factual.
Article 3: The article is simple and easy to understand.
Article 4 : The article is well supported.

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