Mathematics Limits

Limits
Single Correct Answer Type

a 
lim  n  
 
n
a b an  2bn  2  2 n  b
 n
1. If n and n are positive integers and , then
2
D) e
2
A) 2 B) 2 C) e
Key. A

 
n
an  2bn  2  2
Sol. We have

 
n
 an  2bn  2  2

  2  2    2  2 
1 n n

an
Therefore 2  


 2 2
  2 2 
n n

 
bn  
And 2 2
 2 2
   2 2 
n n

an  
 2
 2 2
   2 2 
n n
bn
Therefore
 

  2 2 
n

1    
  2 2 
 2 
  2 2
n

1    
  2  2 

a   1 0  2  2 
lim  n   2     1   2
n  b
 n   1  0   2  2 
Hence

f  0  0
2. If and that ' f ' is differentiable at x = 0, and ‘k’ is a positive integer. Then
1  x  x  x 
lt  f  x   f 
 2  f 
 3      f   
x0 x  k 
 K 1 1 K
1
  . f  0  
K . f 1  0  r r
(A) (B) r 1 (C) r 1 (D) does not exist
Key. B

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Mathematics Limits
  x
 f  x   f  0 f  2   f  0
l  lt   
x0  x0 x0
Sol.

 x 
f    f  0 
 k 
 
x0 

 1 1 1
  1         f 1  0 .
 2 3 k

sin 2 x
 n 2 
3. Lt   r cos ec x  

x 0  r 1 

  1
A. 0 B.  C. n
D. n
Key. C
2 2 2 2

Sol.
L  Ltx 0 (1cos ec n  2cos ec n  ___  n cos ec n )sin n

1  2  n  1 cos ec n 
Lt
x 0 (( ) cos ec b  ( )cos ec n  ___( )  1)sin n .n
            n n n

 (0  0  0  ____  1) 0 .n  n

3 4 5 n2
sn     ..... 
1.2.4 2.3.5 3.4.6 n  n  1  n  3
4. For each positive integer n, let . Then
lim sn
n  equals
29 29 29
A) 6 B) 36 C) 0 D) 18
Key. B
k2
uk 
k  k  1  k  3
Sol. Let
 k  2
2


k  k  1  k  2   k  3
k 2  4k  4

k  k  1  k  2   k  3

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Mathematics Limits
k  k  1  3k  4

k  k  1  k  2   k  3
1 3 4
  
 k  2   k  3  k  1  k  2   k  3 k  k  1  k  2   k  3
 1 1  3 1 1 
     
 k  2 k  3  2   k  2   k  3  k  1  k  2  
4 1 1 
  
 3   k  1  k  2   k  3 k  k  1  k  2  
Now, put k  1, 2,3,...., n and add. Thus
su  u1  u2  .....  un
1 1  3 1 1 
     
 3 n  3  2   n  2   n  3 2.3 
4 1 1 
   
3   n  1  n  2   n  3 1.2.3 
1 3 4 29
lim sn    
Therefore n  3 12 18 36

a tan x  asin x
5.
lim
x 0 tan x  sin x
is equal to
 a  0
A)
log e a B) 1 C) 0 D) 
Key. A
a tan x  a sin x  a tan x sin x  1 
lim  lim a sin x  
x 0 tan x  sin x
Sol. We have
x 0
 tan x  sin x 
 at  1 
 lim  a sin x   lim  
x 0 t 0
 t  (where t  tan x  sin x )
 a 0  log e a  log e a

 1  sin x   8 x3   3  cos x
lim
   2x
4
x
6. 2

2 3 2 2 3 2
 
A) 16 B) 16 C) 16 D) 16

Key. D
 1  sin x   8 x3   3  cos x
f  x 
   2x 
4

Sol. Let
 1  sin x  cos x  2 x     4 x 2  2 x   2 

 2x   
4

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Mathematics Limits
 1  sin x  cos x  4 x 2  2 x   2 

 2x   
3

 1  sin x  cos x . 3 2
lim f  x   lim  
 2x   
3
x x
Therefore 2 2

 1  sin x  cos x . 3 2
lim f  x   lim        1.62 
 
3
x
2
x
2
2 x  
Put 2x    y so that y  0 as x   / 2 . Therefore now
    y    y 
1  sin    cos  
 1  sin x  cos x    2   2 
 2x   
3
y3
 y  y
1  cos   sin 
2  2
 3
y
 2 y  y
 2sin 4  sin 2 
  2  
 y  y 
  
2
 y  y
 sin 4  1  sin 2  1
 2   . . .
 y / 4  16  y / 2  2
   
2
 y  y
sin   sin 2 
1  4
          1.63
16  y / 4   y/2 
   
Therefore from Eqs. (1.62) and (1.63)
3 2
lim f  x    1 1
x
 16
2 .

Let f : R  R be a function satisfying the relation 

 
f x. f  y    f  xy   x
7. for all

  f  x   1/3  1 
lim  
  
x 0  1/2


x, y  R . Then f x  1 
1 2 3
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 2
Key. C

f  x. f  y    f  xy   x
Sol. Given relation is (1.56)

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Mathematics Limits
Interchanging x and y in Eq. (1.56), we have
f  y. f  x    f  yx   y
(1.57)
f  x
Again replacing x with in Eq. (1.56) we get
f  f  x  . f  y    f  y. f  x    f  x 
(1.58)

Therefore, Eqs.
 1.56    1.58  imply
f  f  x  . f  y    f  xy   y  f  x 
(1.59)
Again interchanging x and y in Eq. (1.59), we have
f  f  y  . f  x    f  yx   x  f  y 
(1.60)
Equations (1.59) and (1.60) imply
f  xy   y  f  x   f  yx   x  f  y 
(1.61)
f  x  x  f  y  y  
Suppose
f  x    x
Substituting in Eq. (1.56), we have
x. f  y      xy     x
 x. f  y   xy  x
x  y     xy  x  f  y     y 
Therefore
 x  x
  1  x  0 
f  x  x    x 1
So
 f  x 
1/3
 1 x 1
1/3
1
lim  lim
 f  x   1 x0  1  x   1
x 0 1/2 1/2

Hence
  1  x  1/3  1   1  x  1 
 lim  . 
x 0  1  x  1    1  x  1/2  1 
  
1/ 3 2
 
1/ 2 3

4  3 xn
xn 1 
8. Let
x1  1 and 3  2 xn for n  1 . If lim
n 
xn
exists finitely, then the limit is equal to

(A) 2 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 2 1

Key. A
43 7
x1  1, x2  
Sol. We have 3 2 5

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Mathematics Limits
7
4  3 
4  3x2  5   41  x
x3   2
3  2 x2  7  29
3  2 
5

We can easily verify that

xn  xn 1 and hence  xn  is strictly increasing sequence of
lim xn  l
positive terms. Let n  . Therefore
l  lim xn 1
n 

 4  3 xn 
 lim  
n  3  2 x
 n 

4  3lim xn
 n 
3  2 lim xn
n 

4  3l

3  2l
Hence 3l  2l  4  3l
2

l 2 = 2 Þ l = 2 ( xn > 0 " n)

or .

9. Let
f  x   x3  x2  x4  1  x 2  . Then
lim f  x 
x  is equal to
1 1 3
(A) 2 2 (B) 4 2 (C) 4 2 (D) does not exist
Key. B

f  x 

x3 x 2  x 4  1  2 x 2 
Sol. We have x2  x4  1  x 2


x3  x4  1  x2 
x2  x4  1  x 2
x3  x 4  1  x 4 

 x2  x4  1  x 2   x4  1  x2 
   
x3

 x2  x4  1   x 2   x4  1  x2 
   
1

 1  1 
 1  1  4  2   1  4  1
 x   x 

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Mathematics Limits
1

 1 1  2  
1 1
1 1
 
2 2  2 4 2
.

1  1 
lim
1 x  x 
[ . ]  denotes greatest integer function
x 
10. 3

1) -9 2) -12 3) -6 4) 0
Key. 3
1
x
Sol. 3
1 1  1
 3    3      2
x x  3
1  1
lim   (3)(2)  6
x 
1 x  x 
3

lim  x  log e (cosh x)  

11. x 

1) 1 2) 0 3)
log e 2 4) 
Key. 3
 e x  e x 
lim x  log e  
Sol.
x 
 2 
 1  e 2 x 
lim x  log e e x  
x 
 2 
 1  e2 x 
lim x  x  log e  
x 
 2 
1
lim  log e    log e 2
x
2

 min  sin x, {x} 

lim  
x 
 x 1  is
12. If  is a root of the equation sin x  1  x then
Where [ . ]  denotes greatest integer function
{x}  fractional part of x.
1) 1 2) 0 3) does not exist 4) -1

Key. 3
Sol. LHL :

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Mathematics Limits

 min(sin x, x  [ x] 
lim  
x  
 ( x  1) 
When 1  x  
{x}  x  1  sin x
min{sin x, x  1}  x  1
 x  1
lim 1
x    x  1 
Required limit =   x  
sin x  x  1
RHL :
 sin x  sin x
lim  0 1
 x  1 
x  
x 1
 sin x 
 x  1   0
Hence LHL  RHL
Limit does not exist

1 (1) n  2
f ( x)  an 1   an
a1 is the greatest value of f ( x) where 2   sin x  n 1
13. If and
lim an  ______
Then n 

1) 0 2) e 3) 1 4)
log e 2

Key. 4
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
a1  1, a2  1  , a3  1   ..........an  1     ......  (1) n 1.
Sol. 2 2 3 2 3 4 n
lim an  log e 2
n 

 [sin x ]  [cos x ]  1 
lim 
x 2
 3  
14.
[ . ]  denotes greatest integer function
1) 0 2) 1 3) -1 4) does not
exist

Key. 1

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Mathematics Limits
Sol. LHL = RHL = 0

1
1
 1  2 x  x2 x
lim 
x 0 1  3 x
 .e  ______
15.  
5
2
1) e 2) e
2
3) 4) 1
Key. 1
1 1
(log(1 2 x )  log(1 3 x ) 
x2
lim e x

Sol. x 0

(log(1 2 x )log(13 x ) x
lim 5
e
2
e x0 x 2

n
 3
lim  cot 1  r 2   
16.
n 
r 1  4
 
1 1
1) tan (2) 2) 4 3) 2 4) tan (3)
Key. 1
 
 2 3
1 1
 1 
cot  r    tan 
 4 3
 r2  
Sol.  4
 
 1 
 tan 1  
 1  r2  1  
  
4  
 
 
 1 
 tan 1  
 1   r  1  r  1  
   
2  
  2 
 1  1
r  2 r  2
 tan 1     
 1  r2  1  
  
  4  
 1  1
 tan 1  r    tan 1  r  
 2  2

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Mathematics Limits

17.
lim
x 
3
x  3
( x  1) 2  3 ( x  1) 2  
1 2 4
1) 3 2) 3 3) 1 4) 3
Key. 4
lim x1/3  ( x  1)1/3  ( x  1)1/3   ( x  1)1/3  ( x  1)1/3 
Sol. x 

x1/3  ( x  1)1/3  ( x  1)1/3  2

lim
Rationalise
x 
 ( x  1) 2/3
 ( x 2  1)1/3  ( x  1)2/3 

 1   1  
1/3 1/3

1    1    2
2/3
2.x
lim  x   x  

2x2 4

x   1  2/3
 1  1
1/3 2/3
 3 3
x 2/3  1    1    1   
 x   x  x 
n
 a 1 b n 
1

lim 
n  
 
a
18. If a  0, b  0 then  
1 1
b a
1) b 2) a 3) a 4) b
a b

Key. 1
1

1  a 1 bx  x b x 1
 x, Lt  a  Lt xa
Sol. Let n  x  0 as n   then required limit x0  e x0

1
log eb  1a 
e a
 b 
 
1 1 1
Sn    .........  lim Sn 
19. If 1.2.3.4 2.3.4.5 n(n  1)(n  2)( n  3) then n 

5 1 7 1
1) 18 2) 9 3) 18 4) 18
Key. 4
1
Sn  c 
Sol. (n  1)(n  2)(n  3).3
1 1 1
n  1  s1  c  c 
2.3.4.3 1.2.3.4 2.3.4.3
1  1
c 1  
2.3.4  3 
1 1
 n  , S n  c 
18 Now as 18
x
 x2  5x  3 
lim  2  
20.
x 
 x x2 

10
Mathematics Limits
2 4 3
1) e 2) e 3) e 4) e
Key. 2
x  4 x 1 
 x2  5x  3  lim  x
lim  2   e x0 x 2  x  2 
 e4
Sol.
x 
 x x2 

a 
lim  n  
 
n
a b an  2bn  2  2 n  b
 n
21. If n and n are positive integers and , then

2
D) e
2
A) 2 B) 2 C) e
Key. A

 
n
an  2bn  2  2
Sol. We have

 
n
 an  2bn  2  2

  2  2    2  2 
1 n n

an
Therefore 2  


 2 2
  2 2 
n n

bn   
And 2 2
 2 2
   2 2 
n n

an  
 2
 2 2
   2 2 
n n
bn
Therefore  
  2 2 
n

1    
  2 2 
 2 
  2 2 
n

1    
  2  2 

a   1 0  2  2 
lim  n   2   
  1  2
n  b
 n  1 0  2  2 
Hence

1
(n !) n
lim
22. n  n equals
1
a) e b) e

c) e-2 d) e2

11
Mathematics Limits
Key. B
1
(n !) n
let P
n
1
 (n !)  n
= n 
 n 
1 n r
log P=  log  
Sol. n r 1 n

(1  x)1/ x  e
lim
23. The value of x 0 x is

e e

a) 2 b) 2

3e 2e

c) 2 d) 3

Key. B
1 1
log(1 x )
(1  x) x  e x
x x 2 x3
(1   ......)
Sol. =e 2 3 4

n
 1  n  1  
Lt 1    1    
 n   n  
n 
24.
1
1
1) 1 2) e  1 3) 1  e 4) 0
Key. 4
 1  n  1  
Lt 1    1     e  1  1
 n   n  
n 
Sol.
 1 

f (x) 
tan x
,
log e  lim  f (x)   x
 x 0
2  f (x)
  
 is equal, (where [] denotes greatest
25. Let x then
integer function and {} fractional part)
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4
Key. C
 tan x 
lim f  x    lim  1
x 0 x 0  x  
Sol.
1 1

lim  f (x)   x  f (x)
x 0
2
  
lim 1  x  f (x) 1 form
= x 0
2
 

12
Mathematics Limits
x3 2 5
x  x . . .
tan x 3 15

Again, f(x) = x x
x2 2 4
1  x . . .
= 3 15
x2 2 4
 f (x)   x . . .
3 15
(i) becomes,
x2
lim
 lim x 2  1  x 0 2
x 2 4
 x  ...
log e  e
x 0  f (x)  e 3 15 3
 
 
\ (C) is the correct answer.

 
x 1
Lt tan x   sec x  x 
26. Let x  0 then x 0

1
2
(A) 1/ e (B)1 (C) e (D) 2
Key. D

 
x
 Lt   cos x 
1/ x
Lt  tan x
Sol. x 0 x 0

log e  tan x    0 
Lt 
1    e 1
x 0   
Lt   cos x 
1/ x
e  1 as 0  cos x  1
x , x 0
sin  cos x 
lim ,
27.
x 0 1   cos x 
([x] denotes the greatest integer less than or equal to)
(A) sin 1 (B) 0
sin1
(C) Does not exist (D) 2
Key. B
sin  cos h 
LHL  lim f  0  h   lim
Sol.
x  0 h 0 1   cos h 
sin  0   h  0 
 0  
1 0  cos h  1
RHL  lim f  x   lim f  0  h 
x 0 h 0

sin  cos h 
 lim
h 0 1   cos h 
sin  0   h  0 
 0  
1 0  cos h  1

13
Mathematics Limits
sin  cos x 
 lim 0
x 0 1   cos x 

28  x 
a tan  
.  a  2a 
lim  2    e,
xa  x
If then ' a ' is equal to
  2
A)  B) C) D)
2 2 
Key. B

Sol.

29. x
 x 
f  x    
 x  2 
If then

A) lim f  x   e 2 B) lim f  x   0
x  x 

1 lim f  x   e 2
C) lim f  x   D) x 
x 1 3
Key. D

14
Mathematics Limits

Sol.

cos ( sin 2 x ) −cos ( x 2 )

lim
30. The value of x →0 x6 is
(A) 0 (B) 1/2
(C) 1/3 (D) 3/4
Key. C

cos ( sin 2 x ) −cos ( x 2 )

lim
Sol. x →0 x6
sin2 x+ x2 x 2−sin2 x
lim
2 sin ( 2 ) (
. sin
2 )
= x →0 x6
2 2
x3 x5 x 3 x5
2 sin ( (
x− + +..... +x
3! 5 !
2

. sin
2
)
x − x− + +......
3! 5!
)( ( ) )
2 2
lim
= x→0 x6

15
Mathematics Limits

2x 4

( )(
2
2 x − .. ..
6 x4

lim
2sin
2
sin ... .. .
6 )
x→0 2 x4
x ×6.
= 6
x4
lim
(
2 sin x 2 −
6 )
.. .. .
.
1 1
2 6 = 3
= x →0 x
sin 1 x  tan 1 x
lim
31. x 0 x3 is equal to
1 1
(B)
(A) 6 2
(D 1
(C) 2 
) 2
Key. B

sin 1 x  tan 1 x  lim  1  1  . 1

p  lim
 1  x 1  x  3x
x 0 2 2 2
Sol. x 0 x3

1 1  x2  1  x2 1
 lim 2
.
3 x  0 x 1  x (1  x 2 )
2

1 (1  x 2 )2  (1  x 2 ) 1 1
 lim 2
. .
3 x  0 x 1 x  1 x
2 2
1  x (1  x 2 )
2

1 1 1 1
 .3. . 
3 2 1 2
 2sin x 
2n

f  x   lim n ;n I
3   2 cos x 
n  2n

32. Let ,then which of the following is not true?

  
x  n  f   1
(A) at 6 , f(x) is discontinuous (B)  3 
 
f   1
(C) f(0) = 0 (D)  2 
Key. D
Sol.

(ln x  3) n
lim3
33. If
x e ln((cos m (ln x  3))) = –1 (n, mN) then n/m is equal to
(A) 3 (B) 4
(C) 9 (D) 1

16
Mathematics Limits
Key. D
Sol. Let ln x – 3 = t
tn 0 
lim  form 
t 0 ln(cos m t) 0
Þ   = –1
nt n 1
lim
Þ t 0 m tan t = –1
n
  1
Þn–1=1& m Þ n = m = 2.

  
tan   2  x 2  x 2 tan   2  
34.
Lt
x 0 sin 2 x where
 . denote g.i.f
a) tan10  10 b) tan10  10 c) 10  tan10 d) none of these
Key. B
  3.14, then   2   10
Sol.

Lt
  
tan   2  x 2  tan   2  x 2
2
x 0 sin 2 x dilute by x we get
 tan10 x 2
 tan10
Lt x2  tan10  10
x 0 sin 2 x
x2
  1 
Lim x 2  1  2  3  ......   
35.
x 0
  | x |   is equal to, where [.] is greatest integer function

(A) 1 (B) 3/2 (C) 1/2 (D) 2

Key. C
  1 
x 2 1  2  3  .....   
Sol.  | x |  

  1 
x 2 1    
 | x |   1 
2 | x | 
 

Now using the property that

1  1  1
1    
|x| | x | | x |
we get

17
Mathematics Limits
  1 
x 2 1    
1 | x |    1  1
| x |     (1 | x |)
2 2 | x |  2
1
Now applying sandwich theorem the required limit is 2

lim  f (sin x.tan x)  f ( x 2 ) 

36. If ‘f’ be a bounded, differentiable and increasing function then x 0

, where [.] is greatest integer function is equal to

(A) 1 (B) 0 (C) –1 (D) does not exists
Key. B
Sol. since sin x . tan x > x2  x  (0, /2)
so, f(sin x . tanx ) > f(x2)
hence required limit is 0.

Lt
  a  n  nx  tan x  sin nx  0
37. If x 0 x2 where n is a non zero real number then a is equal to
n 1 1
n
a) 0 b) n c) n d) n
Key: D
 tan x  sin nx
Lt   a  n  n   0
Hint
x 0
 x  x
   a  n  n  1 n  0
1
a n
n

 
x 1
Lt tan x   sec x  x 
38. Let x  0 then x 0

1
2
(A) 1/ e (B)1 (C) e (D) 2
Key: D

 
x
 Lt   cos x 
1/ x
Lt  tan x
Hint: x 0 x0

log e  
tan x    0
Lt 
1    e 1
x 0   
Lt   cos x 
1/ x
e  1 as 0  cos x  1
x , x 0

18
Mathematics Limits
 x n  sin  x n 
 Lt , if x  0, x  1
f  x    n x n  sin  x n 

 1 , if x 1
39. Let . Then, at x = 1,
A) f is continuous

f has removable discontinuity (i.e., xLt f  x

B) 1 exists, but this limit is different from
f(1) )
C) f has finite (jump) discontinuity (i.e., f (1+) and f (1-) both exist finitely, but they
are different)
1
sin
D) f has infinite or oscillatory discontinuity (for eg like x at x  0 and tan x at

x
2)
Key: C
0  x  1  x n  0 as n    f  x   0
Hint: and
x  1  x   as n    f  x   1
n

 f has a jump (finite) discontinuity at x  1

n
 1  n  1  
Lt 1    1    
 n   n  
n 
40.
1
1
A) 1 B) e  1 C) 1  e D) 0
Ans: D
 1  n  1  
Lt 1    1     e  1  1
 n   n  
n 
Hint:

 1 

f (x) 
tan x
,
log e  lim  f (x)   x
 x 0

2  f (x)
 
 is equal, (where [] denotes
41. Let x then
greatest integer
function and {} fractional part)
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4
Key: C
 tan x 
lim f  x    lim  1
x 0 x 0  x  
Hint:
1 1
 
lim  f (x)   x  f (x)
x 0
2
 
lim 1  x  f (x) 1 form
= x 0
2
 

19
Mathematics Limits
x3 2 5
x  x . . .
tan x 3 15

Again, f(x) = x x
x2 2 4
1  x . . .
= 3 15
x2 2 4
 f (x)   x . . .
3 15
(i) becomes,
x2
lim
 lim x 2  1  x 0 x2 2 4
 x  ...
log e  e
x 0  f (x)  e 3 15 3
 
 
\ (C) is the correct answer.
Lim  1  x    
x  tan     1
42. If
x 
 x   4 then ordered pair(s)
  ,   can be
(A) (2000,2011) (B) (0,1)
(C) (5,3) (D) (1,0)
Key: C
1  x    
tan  
Lim  x    4 1
x ki 1
Hint: x
Apply L’ hospital rule and simplifying we get
2
Lim     x 1
x  2
2x  2x        2
 
2


 1
2
 2
  ,  
can be (5,3)
p x
 ; x2
f  x   x  2
43. Consider the function
 7 ;
 x  2 where P(x) is a polynomial such that p '''  x 
p  3  9.
is identically equal to 0 and If f(x) is continuous at x = 2, then p(x) is
2 2
(A) 2x  x  6 (B) 2x  x  6 (C)
2 2
x 3 (D) x  x  7
Key: B

20
Mathematics Limits
P"'  x 
Hint: Since =0
2
p  x   ax  bx  c
Let
p  2  0
4a  2b  c  0 ……..(1)
9a  3b  c  9 ………(2)
p ' 2  7
 4a  b  7
Solve 1,2 and 3 to get a,b,c
1
(n !) n
lim
44. n  n equals
1
a) e b) e c) e-2
d) e2

KEY : B
1
(n !) n
let P
n
1
 ( n !)  n
= n 
 n 
1 n r
log P=  log  
Sol. n r 1 n

  1 
Lim x 2  1  2  3  ......   
45.
x 0
  | x |   is equal to, where [.] is greatest integer function
(A) 1 (B) 3/2
(C) 1/2 (D) 2
Key. C
  1 
x 2 1  2  3  .....   
Sol.  | x |  
  1 
x 2 1    
 | x |    1 
2 | x | 
 
Now using the property that
1  1  1
1    
|x| | x |  | x |
we get

21
Mathematics Limits
  1 
x 2 1    
1 | x |    1  1
| x |     (1 | x |)
2 2 | x |  2
1
Now applying sandwich theorem the required limit is 2
lim  f (sin x.tan x)  f ( x 2 ) 
46. If ‘f’ be a bounded, differentiable and increasing function then x 0
, where [.] is greatest integer function is equal to
(A) 1 (B) 0
(C) –1 (D) does not exists
Key. B
Sol. since sin x . tan x > x2  x  (0, /2)
so, f(sin x . tanx ) > f(x2)
hence required limit is 0.
sin  cos x 
lim ,
47.
x 0 1   cos x  ([x] denotes the greatest integer less than or equal to)
(A) sin 1 (B) 0
sin1
(C) Does not exist (D) 2
Key. B
sin  cos h 
LHL  lim f  0  h   lim
Sol.
x  0 h 0 1   cos h 
sin  0   h  0 
 0  
1 0  cos h  1
RHL  lim f  x   lim f  0  h 
x 0  h 0

sin  cos h 
 lim
h 0 1   cos h 
sin  0   h  0 
 0  
1 0  cos h  1
sin  cos x 
 lim 0
x 0 1   cos x 

 1 
Lt  2  cos ec2 x  
48. x
x 0


1 2 1 2
a) 3 b) 3 c) 3 d) 3
Key. C
Sol. Apply, L-H rule

a 

lim  n  

n
a b an  2bn  2  2 n  b
 n
49. If n and n are positive integers and , then

22
Mathematics Limits
2
D) e
2
A) 2 B) 2 C) e
Key. B

 
n
an  2bn  2  2
Sol. We have

 
n
 an  2bn  2  2
1
   2 2 
n n
an  2 2
Therefore 2  


 2 2
  2 2 
n n

 
bn  
And 2 2
 2 2
   2 2 
n n

an  
 2
 2 2
   2 2 
n n
bn
Therefore  
  2  2 n 
1    
  2  2  
 2
  2  2 n 
1    
  2  2  

a   1 0  2  2 
lim  n   2   
  1  2
n  b
 n  1 0  2  2 
Hence

cos  sin x   cos x

lim f  x  f  x 
50. The value of x 0 where x4 , is

(A) 2 (B) 1/ 6 (C) 2 / 3 (D) 1/ 3

Key. B
cos  sin x   cos x
lim f  x   lim
Sol. x 0 x 0 x4
sin x  x sin x  x
2sin sin
lim 2 2
4
= x 0 x
 sin x  x   sin x  x 
sin   sin  
1  2   2 
 lim
2 x  0  sin x  x   sin x  x  sin x  x sin x  x
     
=  2   2  x x3
1 sin u sin v  sin x 
  lim lim lim   1
2 u  0 u v  0 v x  0
 x 

23
Mathematics Limits
3 5
x x

  ....
 sin x  x sin x  x 
 3! 5! 3 u  ,v  
x  2 2 
1 1 1
   1 1 2  
2 3! 6 .

lim
 x   2 x   3x  ....   nx 
51. n  n2

[Where
 x  x   x  denotes the fractional part of x]
1
A) 1 B) 0 C) 2 D) None of these
Key. B
0   nx  1, for n  1, 2,3,......, n
Sol.
n
n
0   nx 1
 0    nx  n  2 n 1
2

n 1 n n n
n n

0   nx 1   nx
 Lt 2  Lt n 1
2
 Lt  0  Lt n 1
0
x  n n  n n n n  n2

 Lt
 x   2 x  ...   nx 0
n  n2

  1  
sin x

 sin x     
1/ x
lim
x0   x  
52. For x > 0; is __________
(1) 0 (2) 1 (3) 1 (4) 2
Key. 3
 1 
Lt  sin x 
1/2
 0  0  sin x  1;  
Sol.
x 0
 x 
And log y  sin x.log x
cos  sin x   cos x
lim
x 0 x4
 ____
53.
1 1 1 1
(1) 5 (2) 6 (3) 4 (4) 2
Key. 2

24
Mathematics Limits
 x  sin x   x  sin x 
2sin   sin x  x 2sin  
 2     2  . Lt 1 x  sin x
Lt
sin x  x   . xLt x  sin x
 
x 0
 2   0 x 0 2

Sol. 2 2
 sin x  x  1   x3 x5 
Lt  4  .  x   x    .... 
x 0
 2x  2  13 15 

 7 29 133 5n  2 n 
lim   2  3  ... 
x  0 10 10 10 10n 
  _____
54.
3 5 1
(1) 4 (2) 2 (3) 4 (4) 2
Key. 3
5  2 52  2 2 5w  2 w
  ..... 
Sol. 10 102 10n
s
(use G.P; )
729  243x  81x  9 x  3x  1
x
 K  log 3
3
lim
x 0 x 3
 K = _______
55.
(1) 4 (2) 5 (3) 6 (4) 7
Key. 3

Lt
3 x
 1  9 x  1  27 x  1 
 
x 0 x x  x 
Sol.
2x
 a b 
lim 1   2   e
2

56. x   x x  then ____

(1) a  R; b  R (2) a  1; b  R (3) a  R; b  2 (4)
a  1; b  2
Key. 2
g  x
Lt f  x   Lt g  x   f  x  1
is of form 1  e
x0
Sol.
  n sin    n tan   
lim 


     
  _____
57. 0
where [x] is greatest integer  x and n  I
(1) 2n (2) 2n + 1 (3) 2n – 1 (4) 0
Key. 3
sin 
 1 as   0
Sol.  but < 1
 n sin  
  n 1
  
 Tan  Tan
 n    n  1 as   0
 but > 1

25
Mathematics Limits
 x x x 
f  x   Lt     ..... 
58. If
n  x  1

  x  1  2 x  1  2 x  1  3 x  1  to n terms; then range of
f(x) is _____

(1)
 0, 1 (2)
 1, 1 (3)
 0, 1 (4)
 1, 0, 1
Key. 3
1
1
Sol. 1  nx Lt nx   for x  0
Lt nx   for x  0
Lt nx  0 for x  0
Lt S w  1; 0
n 

1/ x
  
lim Tan   x    ____
59.
x 0
 4 
2
(1) 1 (2) 1 (3) e (4) e
Key. 3
Lt g  x   f  x  1
Sol. 1 form  e x0

 x 1 x 
lim x Tan 1  Tan 1   ____
60.
x 
 x2 x  2
1 1

(1) 1 (2) 1 (3) 2 (4) 2
Key. 3
x y
Tan 1 x  Tan 1 y  Tan 1
Sol. 1  xy
 1 x2 
 Tan 2 x 2  5 x  4   x2 
Lt x    
x  x2  2 x  5x  4 
2
 
 2 x2  5x  4 

a n  bn
lim n 
If 0 < b < a then n  a  b
n
61.
(1) 0 (2) 1 (3) –1 (4) none of these
Key. 2
n
b b
0   1;    0
Sol. a a as n  
 1  1  1 
lim 1  1   ...... 1  n  
a  1 and an  n  1  an1  n  2, n 
 a1  a2   a 
62. If 1 then

26
Mathematics Limits
1

(1) e (2) log e

2
(3) e
2
(4)
log 2 e

Key. 1
 a 1   a 1   a 1 
Lt  1   2  .......  n 
Sol.
n 
 a1   a 2   an 

 a  a  a   a  1
Lt  2   3   4  ...  n 1 
n 
 2   3   4   n  1  a1a 2 ....a n
a n 1 1 an 1 a 
Lt (n  1)!  nLt
 Lt   n 
n! n   n! n! 
= n 
1 1 a n 1 
 
Lt n! (n  1)! (n  1)! 

= n    =e
  cos x  1  cos x  e x  
lim  
x 0  xn 
63. The integer n for which   is a finite non zero number is
(1) 1 (2) 2 (3) 3 (4) 4
 100x   99sin x  
lim    
Key. 3 x 0
  sin x   x  
Sol. Conceptual

64. The value of where [.] represents greatest integral function, is

(1) 199 (2) 198 (3) 0 (4) none of these
Key. 2
sin x x
lim  I lim  I
Sol. We know that x 0 x and x  0 sin x
 x   sin x 
lim 100   lim 99   100  98  198
So,
x 0
 sin x  x 0
 x

k k
k
 cos1 r  2
A  (r )r
65. If r 1
  0 r and
for any k  1 where r r 1 . Then
(1  x 2 )1/3  (1  2 x )1/4
lim 
x A x  x2
1 
A) 2 B) 0 C) 3/2 D) 2
Key. A

27
Mathematics Limits
 
cos 1 1  cos 1 2  ...  cos 1 k  k cos 1 x  r  0
Sol. Given 2 We know that 2
k
k

 cos1 r  r  1, 2,3...., k  cos1 r  2
2  r 1
So the given equality holds only if

cos 1 1  cos 1 2  ....  cos 1 k 
2
 1  2  ....  k  0
k
A  (r )r  0
Thus r 1
(1  x 2 )1/3  (1  2 x)1/4
lim
Rrequired limit = x 0 x  x2
1 1
(1  x 2 )2/3 (2 x)  (1  2 x)3/4 ( 2)
lim 3 4
= x 0 1  2x (L’ Hospital Rule)
1
= 2

66. If [x] and {x} represent integral and fractional parts of x respectively and a is any real number,
e{x}  {x}  1
lim 
then
x [ a ] {x}2
1
A) a B) {a} C) 2 D) Does not exist
Key. D
e{x}  {x}  1
P  lim 
Sol. Let
x [ a] {x}2
Put x  [a ]  h , h  0
e{[ a] h}  {[a]  h}  1
P  lim
Then
h 0 {[a]  h}2
eh  h  1
P  lim
h 0 h2
eh  1 1
lim 
h 0 2 h 2 [Using L Hospital Rule]
Next put x  [a ]  h, h  0

28
Mathematics Limits

e{[ a ] h}  {[a]  h}  1
P  lim
then
h 0 {[a]  h}2
e1 h  (1  h)  1 e1 h  h  2
 lim  lim  e2
h 0 (1  h)2 h 0 (1  h)2
 Limit does not exist

Let f : R  R be a function satisfying the relation 

 
f x. f  y    f  xy   x
67. for all

  f  x   1/3  1 
lim  
  f  x   1 
 x 0  1/2

x, y  R . Then

1 2 3
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 2
Key. C
f  x. f  y    f  xy   x
Sol. Given relation is (1.56)
Interchanging x and y in Eq. (1.56), we have
f  y. f  x    f  yx   y
(1.57)
f  x
Again replacing x with in Eq. (1.56) we get
f  f  x  . f  y    f  y. f  x    f  x 
(1.58)

Therefore, Eqs.
 1.56    1.58  imply
f  f  x  . f  y    f  xy   y  f  x 
(1.59)
Again interchanging x and y in Eq. (1.59), we have
f  f  y  . f  x    f  yx   x  f  y 
(1.60)
Equations (1.59) and (1.60) imply
f  xy   y  f  x   f  yx   x  f  y 
(1.61)
f  x  x  f  y  y  
Suppose
f  x    x
Substituting in Eq. (1.56), we have
x. f  y      xy     x
 x. f  y   xy  x
x  y     xy  x  f  y     y 
Therefore
 x  x
  1  x  0 

29
Mathematics Limits
f  x  x    x 1
So
 f  x 
1/3
 1 x 1
1/3
1
lim  lim
 f  x   1 x 1
1/2 1/2
x 0
1 x0
Hence
  1  x  1/3  1   1  x  1 
 lim  . 
x 0  1  x  1    1  x  1/2  1 
  
1/ 3 2
 
1/ 2 3
cos  sin x   cos x
lim f  x  f  x 
68. The value of x 0 where x4 , is

(A) 2 (B) 1/ 6 (C) 2 / 3 (D) 1/ 3

Key. B
cos  sin x   cos x
lim f  x   lim
Sol. x 0 x 0 x4
sin x  x sin x  x
2sin sin
lim 2 2
4
= x 0 x
 sin x  x   sin x  x 
sin   sin  
1  2   2 
 lim
2 x 0  sin x  x   sin x  x  sin x  x sin x  x
     
=  2   2  x x3
1 sin u sin v  sin x 
  lim lim lim   1
2 u 0 u v 0 v x 0  x 
3 5
x x
   ....
 sin x  x sin x  x 
 3! 5! 3 u  ,v  
x  2 2 
1 1 1
   1 1 2  
2 3! 6 .
4  3 xn
xn 1 
69.
x  1 and
Let 1
3  2 xn for n  1 . If lim
n 
xn
exists finitely, then the limit is equal to

(A) 2 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 2 1

Key. A
43 7
x1  1, x2  
Sol. We have 3 2 5
7
4  3 
4  3x2  5   41  x
x3   2
3  2 x2  7  29
3  2 
5

30
Mathematics Limits

We can easily verify that

xn  xn 1 and hence  xn  is strictly increasing sequence of
lim xn  l
positive terms. Let n  . Therefore
l  lim xn 1
n 

 4  3 xn 
 lim  
n  3  2 x
 n 

4  3lim xn
 n 
3  2 lim xn
n 

4  3l

3  2l
Hence 3l  2l  4  3l
2

l 2 = 2 Þ l = 2 ( xn > 0 " n)

or .

70. Let
f  x   x3  x2  x4  1  x 2  . Then
lim f  x 
x  is equal to
1 1 3
(A) 2 2 (B) 4 2 (C) 4 2 (D) does not exist
Key. B

f  x 

x3 x 2  x 4  1  2 x 2 
Sol. We have x2  x4  1  x 2


x3  x4  1  x2 
x2  x4  1  x 2
x3  x 4  1  x 4 

 x2  x4  1  x 2   x4  1  x2 
   
x3

 x2  x4  1   x 2   x4  1  x2 
   
1

 1  1 
 1  1  4  2   1  4  1
 x   x 
1

 1 1  2 1 1  
1 1
 
2 2  2 4 2
.

31
Mathematics Limits
a 
lim  n  
 
n
a b an  2bn  2  2 n  b
 n
71. If n and n are positive integers and , then
2
D) e
2
A) 2 B) 2 C) e
Key. B

 
n
an  2bn  2  2
Sol. We have

 
n
 an  2bn  2  2
1
    2 2  
n n
an  2 2
Therefore 2  


 2 2
  2 2 
n n

 
bn  
And 2 2
 2 2
   2 2 
n n

an  
 2
 2 2
   2 2 
n n
bn
Therefore
 
  2 2 
n

1    
  2 2 
 2 
  2 2
n

1    
  2  2 

a   1 0  2  2 
lim  n   2     1   2
n  b
 n   1  0   2  2 
Hence
  a  n  nx  tan x  sin n x  0
lim
x2 n  R ~  0
72. If x 0 , where , then a is equal to
n 1
n
A) 0 B) n  1 C) n D) n

Key. D
Sol. The given limit can be written as
 sin n x   tan x 
lim    n   a  n n  0
x 0
 nx   x 
  1  n    a  n  n  1  0
  a  n  n  1  0  a  n  1/ n

3 4 5 n2
sn     ..... 
1.2.4 2.3.5 3.4.6 n  n  1  n  3
73. For each positive integer n, let . Then
lim sn
n  equals

32
Mathematics Limits
29 29 29
A) 6 B) 36 C) 0 D) 18
Key. B
k2
uk 
k  k  1  k  3
Sol. Let
 k  2
2


k  k  1  k  2   k  3
k 2  4k  4

k  k  1  k  2   k  3
k  k  1  3k  4

k  k  1  k  2   k  3
1 3 4
  
 k  2   k  3  k  1  k  2   k  3 k  k  1  k  2   k  3
 1 1  3 1 1 
     
 k  2 k  3  2   k  2   k  3  k  1  k  2  
4 1 1 
  
 3   k  1  k  2   k  3  k  k  1  k  2  
Now, put k  1, 2,3,...., n and add. Thus
su  u1  u2  .....  un
1 1  3 1 1 
     
 3 n  3  2   n  2   n  3 2.3 
4 1 1 
   
3   n  1  n  2   n  3 1.2.3 
1 3 4 29
lim sn    
Therefore n  3 12 18 36
a tan x  asin x
74.
lim
x 0 tan x  sin x
is equal to
 a  0
A)
log e a B) 1 C) 0 D) 
Key. A
a tan x  a sin x  a tan x sin x  1 
lim  lim a sin x  
x 0 tan x  sin x
Sol. We have
x 0
 tan x  sin x 
 at  1 
 lim  a sin x   lim  
x 0 t 0
 t  (where t  tan x  sin x )
 a 0  log e a  log e a
 1  sin x   8 x3   3  cos x
lim
   2x
4
x
75. 2

33
Mathematics Limits
2
3 2
 2
32
 
A) 16 B) 16 C) 16 D) 16

Key. D
 1  sin x   8 x3   3  cos x
f  x 
   2x 
4

Sol. Let
 1  sin x  cos x  2 x     4 x 2  2 x   2 

 2x   
4

 1  sin x  cos x  4 x 2  2 x   2 

 2x   
3

 1  sin x  cos x . 3 2
lim f  x   lim  
 2x   
3
x x
Therefore 2 2

 1  sin x  cos x . 3 2
lim f  x   lim        1.62 
 
3
x
2
x
2
2 x  
Put 2x    y so that y  0 as x   / 2 . Therefore now
    y    y 
1  sin    cos  
 1  sin x  cos x    2   2 
 2x   
3
y3
 y  y
1  cos   sin 

2  2
3
y
 2 y  y
 2sin 4  sin 2 
  2  
 y  y 
  
2
 y  y
 sin 4  1  sin 2  1
 2   . . .
 y / 4  16  y / 2  2
   
2
 y  y
 sin   sin 2 
1 4
          1.63
16  y / 4   y/2 
   
Therefore from Eqs. (1.62) and (1.63)
3 2
lim f  x   1  1
x 16
2 .

1 (1) n  2
f ( x)  an 1   an
a1 is the greatest value of f ( x) where 2   sin x  n 1
76. If and

34
Mathematics Limits
lim an  ______
Then n 

1) 0 2) e 3) 1 4)
log e 2
Key. 4
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
a1  1, a2  1  , a3  1   ..........an  1     ......  (1) n 1.
Sol. 2 2 3 2 3 4 n
lim an  log e 2
n 

 [sin x ]  [cos x ]  1 
lim 
x 2
 3  
77.
[ . ]  denotes greatest integer function
1) 0 2) 1 3) -1 4) does not
exist
Key. 1
Sol. LHL = RHL = 0

1
1
 1  2 x  x2 x
lim 
x 0 1  3 x
 .e  ______
78.  
5
2
1) e 2) e
2
3) 4) 1
Key. 1
1 1
(log(1 2 x )  log(1 3 x ) 
x2
lim e x

Sol. x 0

(log(1 2 x )log(13 x ) x
lim 5
e
2
e x0 x 2

n
 3
lim  cot 1  r 2   
79.
n 
r 1  4
 
1 1
1) tan (2) 2) 4 3) 2 4) tan (3)
Key. 1
 
 2 3
1 1
 1 
cot  r    tan 
 4 3
 r2  
Sol.  4
 
 1 
 tan 1
 
 1  r2  1  
  
4  
 

35
Mathematics Limits
 
 1 
 tan 1  
 1   r  1  r  1  
   
2  
  2 
 1  1
r  2 r  2
 tan 1     
 1  r2  1  
  
  4  
 1  1
 tan 1  r    tan 1  r  
 2  2

80.
lim
x 
3
x  3
( x  1) 2  3 ( x  1) 2  
1 2 4
1) 3 2) 3 3) 1 4) 3
Key. 4
lim x1/3  ( x  1)1/3  ( x  1)1/3   ( x  1)1/3  ( x  1)1/3 
Sol. x 

x1/3  ( x  1)1/3  ( x  1)1/3  2

lim
Rationalise
x 
 ( x  1) 2/3
 ( x 2  1)1/3  ( x  1)2/3 

 1 1/3  1 1/3 

1    1    2
2/3
2.x
lim  x   x  

2x2 4

x   1  2/3
 1  1
1/3 2/3
 3 3
x 2/3  1    1    1   
 x   x  x 

n
 a 1 b n 
1

lim 
n  
 
a
81. If a  0, b  0 then  
1 1
b a
1) b 2) a 3) a 4) b
a b

Key. 1
1

1  a 1 bx  x b x 1
 x, Lt  a  Lt xa
Sol. Let n  x  0 as n   then required limit x0  e x0

1
log eb  1a 
e a
 b 
 

1 1 1
Sn    .........  lim Sn 
82. If 1.2.3.4 2.3.4.5 n(n  1)(n  2)( n  3) then n 

36
Mathematics Limits
5 1 7 1
1) 18 2) 9 3) 18 4) 18
Key. 4
1
Sn  c 
Sol. (n  1)(n  2)(n  3).3
1 1 1
n  1  s1  c  c 
2.3.4.3 1.2.3.4 2.3.4.3
1  1
c 1  
2.3.4  3 
1 1
 n  , S n  c 
18 Now as 18

x
 x2  5x  3 
lim  2  
83.
x 
 x x2 
2 4 3
1) e 2) e 3) e 4) e
Key. 2
x  4 x 1 
 x2  5x  3  lim  x
lim  2  e x0 x 2  x  2 
 e4
Sol.
x 
 x x2 
1  1 
lim 
x  x  x 
1
84. 3 [ . ]  denotes greatest integer function
1) -9 2) -12 3) -6 4) 0
Key. 3
1
x
Sol. 3
1 1  1
 3    3      2
x x  3
1  1
lim     (3)(2)  6
x  x  x 
1
3

lim  x  log e (cosh x)  

85. x 

1) 1 2) 0 3)
log e 2 4) 
Key. 3
 e x  e x 
lim x  log e  
Sol.
x 
 2 
 1  e 2 x 
lim x  log e e  x

x 
 2 
 1  e2 x 
lim x  x  log e  
x 
 2 

37
Mathematics Limits
1
lim  log e    log e 2
x
2

   3
2
f  
f     f     0
86. If f(x) = 0 be a quadratic equation such that and  2  4, then
f  x
lim
x  sin  sin x 
is equal to
a) 0 b)  c) 2 d) None
Key. C
f  x   x2   2
Sol. From given data
x2   2
lim  2
x   sin  sin x 
.
2h  h 2
lim  2
h o  sin  sinh 
.
87. If the normal to the curve y = f(x) at x = 0 be given by the equation 3x – y + 1 = 0 then the
lim x 2  f (x 2 )  5f (4x 2 )  4f (7x 2 )
1

value of x 0 is
1 2
(A) 3 (B) 3
2 1
 
(C) 3 (D) 3
Key. D
1
SOL. SLOPE OF TANGENT AT X = 0 IS – 3
1
 f '(x)  
3
x2
lim 
x  0 f(x 2 )  5f(4x 2 )  4f(7x 2 )
(USE L.H. RULE)
1 1
 lim 
x 0 f '(x )  20f '(4x )  28f '(7x )
2 2 2
3

 f       f '   
2 2

88.
f  x is a polynomial function and
0
then the value of
lt f  x   f ' x  
 
x   f ' x   f  x    . denotes greatest integer function) is __
( where
a) 0 b) 1 c) -1 d) 2
Key. B

Sol. Clearly,  is repeated root of f  x   0

lt f  x   f '  x   f '  x    lt  f  x  f '  x   
     1   
x   f '  x   f  x   f  x    x    f '  x   f  x   

38
Mathematics Limits
 lt f  x   f '  x   
  0 &   
 x   f '  x  
 f  x    is bounded function)

 x 3  x 3 
ln      (a  0)
x a   a  a  
89.  , [.] GIF, is
A) a  2 B) a  1 D) a  1
2 2 2 2
C) a
Key. C
x
a 1  x  a     0
Sol. For a
 x3  a3
ln    0   a2
x a  a  a
 

sin x  (sin x)sin x

Lt
 
x  1  sin x  ln(sin x )
90. 2

(A) 1 (B) 0 (C) 2 (D) – 1

Key. C
Lt t  tt
x 1
Sol. 1  t  log t

1
 1 4  x2 1
Lt
x 1  tan x.  
91.  
1 1 1

   
(A) e (B) e (C) e (D) e
Key. B
Lt 4 1  1
x  tan x 1 2
  x 1
Sol. e
 
f  x
92. Value of  2  so that the function is continuous at 2 is, if

f  x 
 1  sin x  ln sin x
   2x  ln  1  2  4x  4x 2 
2

1 1 1 1
 
a) 8 b) 16 c) 32 d) 64
Key. D

x h
Sol. Put 2

39
Mathematics Limits

 Lt
 1  cosh  ln  cosh 
h 0 4h 2 ln  1  4h 2 
1

Simplify to get 64
S Lim f  x   g  x  Lim f  x   g  x 
93. 1 : If x a and x a exist : then it is not necessary that
Lim f  x  Lim g  x 
x a and x a both exist separately
S2 Lim f  x  g  x  Lim f  x  Lim g  x 
: If x a exists then it is necessary that x a and x a both
exist separately
g x  Lim g  x   f  x  1
S3 Lim  f  x    e x a
: x a

e x ln x  e
cos x 
Lt 1
S4 : x 0 x ln x , where [ ] represents greatest integer function state in order,
S ,S ,S ,S
whether 1 2 3 4 are true or false.
a) FTTT b) FFFF c) TTTT d) FFFT
Key. D
  1

Sol.
S3 is applied only for form
23  13 33  13 n 3  13
Lt . .......... 3 3
n  23  13 33  13 n 1
94. is equal to
1 1 2
a) 3 b) 2 c) 3 d) None of
these
Key. C
Sol. Conceptual
95.

0 x
A circular arc of radius ‘1’ subtends an angle of ‘x’ radians, 2
as shown in the figure. The point ‘R’ is the point of intersection of the
two tangent lines at P & Q. Let T(x) be the area of triangle PQR and
T  x
Lim 
x0 S  x
S(x) be area of the shaded region. Then
1 3 3
a) 2 b) 2 c) 4 d) 2
Key. D
1
T  x   .PR.RQ sin    x 
Sol. 2

40
Mathematics Limits
1 x x sin x
  tan 2  .sin x  tan 
2 2 2 2
s  x 
area of sector OPQ – area of OPQ
1 2 1 2
  1 .x   1 sin x
2 2
x x
tan  sin
Lim 2 23
x0 x  sin x 2
2
1
 sin hx  x2
Lt  
96.
x 0
 x 
1 1 1

(a) e (c) e (d) e

2 6 3
(b) 1
Key. C
1
 sin hx  x2
Let l  Lt  
Sol.
x0
 x 
1  sin hx 
log l  Lt 2 log   1
x 0 x
 x  by L Hospital Rule  l  e 6

41