SECTION 13 - C

Engine Oil System

Section 13 - C Engine Systems

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GENERAL

Oil Used Aeroshell 500

Tank Capacity Total - 16.5 ltr

Upper Sight Glass - 7.6 ltr
Lower Sight Glass - 4.3 ltr

Consumption Normal - 0.3 Its/hr.

Maximum – 0.5 ltr/hr

Limitations

Pressure Temp.
Engine Minimum Pressure 1.7 bar
Oil Maximum Pressure 6 bar
Limitations Min Oil Temperature (for power application) 0°C
Maximum Oil Temperature 110°C
Min Oil Temperature for Starting -40°C

The lubrication system in the Makila 1A is of dry sump type with one pressure pump and four scavenge
pumps. The pumps are gear type, housed in a single unit on top of the intake and driven by a common
shaft. Alongside the pump unit is a filter with a visible telltale clogging indicator. Incorporated in the
pump unit are three strainers, one to each scavenge pump. The strainer for the fourth pump being
situated in the rear face of the tank, below the axial compressor.

There are five magnetic plugs positioned at suitable points in the scavenge system, one for each
scavenge line and one for the bottom of the oil tank. They rely on removal and visual inspection for
debris detection. There is a sixth magnetic plug in the return line to the reservoir that can activate the
cockpit ENG CH warning light.

A Heat exchanger, which uses fuel to cool the oil, is incorporated in the system. This has the added
advantage of warming the fuel thus helping with vapourisation.

A Pressure switch is incorporated into the system to activate the ENG P warning light should the
pressure fall below 1.7 bar. This warning light is inhibited when the engine SSL is fully closed.

A pressure transmitter and temperature probe provide signals to the cockpit combined indicating gauge.

Note – The temperature is measured after the heat exchanger and therefore indicates the temperature of
oil supplied to the engine.

Oil Supply

Refer to Figure 13. The oil is sucked from the tank by the pump and supplied under pressure through the
filter and heat exchanger. The oil pressure is dependent upon Ng and oil temperature.

It is then directed towards the items to be lubricated by external pipes and internal ducts. Some oil is
tapped before the heat exchanger to provide lubrication of the accessory drive train and the anti-icing of
the nose cone. An anti-icing by-pass valve is fitted in case of leaks in the nose cone.

Note the dual supply to the rear axial compressor roller and centrifugal compressor ball bearings. One
supply being directed through the hollow bolt attaching the axial compressor to the centrifugal
compressor.

A check valve is fitted to prevent leakage of oil across labyrinth seals on shut down.

Section 13 - C Engine Systems

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 Oil Scavenge

Having lubricated the components the oil falls by gravity to the lowest part of the casings from where it is
sucked by the scavenge pumps and returned to the tank. As the scavenge flow is higher than the
pressure flow the system is of dry sump type. The four scavenge pumps are individually connected to:-

1. Inlet casing
2. Gas generator bearings
3. Turbine bearings
4. Free turbine rear bearing

Strainers (wide mesh filters) protect the pump from any particles.

The magnetic plugs are removable for visual inspection during routine maintenance.

Breathing

The vapours resulting from lubrication (mixture of oil vapour and pressurising air) collect at the top of the
bearing cases and are directed forward to the centrifugal separator mounted in the accessory gearbox.
The oil is spun out and falls by gravity back to the tank while the de-oiled air is returned to the exhaust
section aft of the free turbine.

Engine Chip Detection

In the line from the Scavenge Pump to the Centrifugal Breather is the magnetic chip detector. Should any
ferrous material make the contact in this detector, an ENG CH warning light will illuminate on the 32∝
panel.

Breathing to Separator
Vent to Exhaust
Scavenge
By-Pass Filter Pressure
Pump Scavenge
Valve Pump
Supply

Check Valve
Mag Plugs
Strainers

Chip Detector
and Light

ENG CH

Centrifugal
Breather

Cone
Anti-Icing

Oil Tank Heat

Exchanger
Check
ENG P
Temperature Pressure Low Oil
Transmitter Valve Pressure
Probe
Switch 1.7 bar

Figure 13 – Engine Oil System

Section 13 - C Engine Systems

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 Air Bleed Valve Oil Pump

Oil Filter

Engine
Chip
Detector

Oil
Tank

Vent from Starter Oil Filler Oil Air Separator

Oil Air Separator Motor

Figure 14 – Engine Oil System Components

Section 13 - C Engine Systems

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