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App of Der 2 PDF
App of Der 2 PDF
5. Find the interval of the monotonicity of the function 20. Find the critical points of the function
f(x) = 2x3 + 3x2 + 12x + 20.
f(x) = �x 2 - 6x + 15
6. Find the interval of the monotonicity of the function·
· Increasing and Decreasing Functions
X 2
f(x) = 2 + x· 21. Find the interval of increasing and decreasing of
7. Find the interval of the monotonicity of the function function f(x) = 2x2 - In lxl.
f(x) = 5x 3l2 - 3xs12, x > 0. 22. Find the intervals for the function f(x) =
Ix - 11
2
x
8. Find the interval of the monotonicity of the function
increasing and decreasing.
f(x) = Jog(x + �2 ).
-r
23. Find the intervals for the fonction f(x) = x 2 e -:,
",
9. Find the interval of the monotonicity of the function a > 0 is increases. Isolation points.
f(x) = -
x 24. Show that the equation x3 = 3x + 1 has a real root
1ogx in [-1, l].
10. Find the interval of the monotonicity of the function 2
25. Show that the equation ex =1 + x +; has a real root
f(x) = x - coC 1 x - log(x + �x2 + i).
in [-1, l].
11. Find the least value of m for which the function Algebra of Monotonic Functions
f(x) = -x2 + mx + 1 is strictly increasing in [1, 2]
26. Find the interval where the function f(x) = tan- 1
12. For what values of b, the functionf(x) = sinx - bx+ c is strictly increasing.
is strictly decreasing for all x in R. 27. Find the interval in which f(x) = tan-' (log 1 13x)
13. Find all possible values of 'a' for which the function strictly decreasing.
f(x) = e2x - (a + 1) ex + 2x is strictly increasing for 28. Find the interval in which f(x) = coC 1 (lo�x)
all x in R. strictly decreasing.
14. For what values of a is the function _ 29. Find the interval in which f(x) = coC 1 (log 1110x)
a2 1 strictly increasing.
f(x) = ( ; )x 3 + (a - l)x 2 + 2x + 1 strictly
3 0. Find the interval of the monotonocity of thefunction
increasing? f(x) = �3x - x2 .
15. For what values of a, the function f(x) = (a + 2)x 3 31. Find the interval of the monotonicity of thefunction
- 3ax2 + 9ax - 1 is strictly decreasing for all x in R. f(x) = tan- 1 (sinx + cosx) in (0, 2n).
1
Monotonicity
2
Monotonicity
By the sign scheme, f(x) is strictly increases in (– , 1) (3, ) and strictly decreases in (1, 3)
By the sign scheme, we can say that, f(x) is strictly increases in (–2, 3) and strictly decreases in
(– , – 2) (3, )
7 7
By the sign scheme, we can say that, f(x) is strictly increase in , (2, ) and strictly decreases in 5 ,2
5
[1]
3
Monotonicity
X 2
6. Given f(x) = + 10. Given f(x) = coC 1 x - log(x + �)
2 x
x2 - 4 f'(x) = _1_ - 1
J'(x) = .!_ _ 22 = 1 +
2 x 2x2 . 1 + x2 (x + �)
(x - 2)(x + 2) (x+�)
= x-----
2x 2
�
+ + _l_ _1_
f'(x) = 1+ - >0\/xER
-2 0 2 1 + x 2 �x 2 + 1
Thus, f(x) is strictly increases in (-=, =)
By the sign scheme, we can say that, f(x) is strictly
increases in (- -2) u (2, =)and strictly decreases
00, 11. Given f(x) = -x2 + mx + 1
in (-2, 0) u (0, 2) ==> f'(x) = -2x + m
7. Given f(x) = Sx312 - 3x512, x >0 SiHce f is strictly increasing, so f'(x) >0
-2x + m >0
J'(x) = 15x 112 - 15x 312
==> m >2x
= 15...Jx(l - x) -15...Jx(x - 1)
m >2, \j X E [1, 2)
+ Hence, the least value of m is 2.
12. Given f(x) = sinx - bx + c
By the sign scheme, we can say that, f(x) is strictly ==> f'(x) = COSX - b
increases in (0, 1) and strictly decreases in (1, =) Since f is strictly decreasing, so f < 0
==> cosx - b < 0
8. Given f(x) = log(x + fIJ)
==> b >cosx
1 1 x 2x ==> b>l
f'(x) = (1 +
)
(x + �x 2
+ 1) 2 �x
2
+ 1 Hence, b E (1, =)
X
9. Given f(x) =-
1ogx
(a + 1)<2.2 = 4
1ogx - 1
f'(x) =--2
(logx ) a<3
Hence, the value of a is E (-=, 3 )
+
2
- 1) 3
0 e 14. Given f(x) =( a x +(a - l )x 2 + 2x+ 1
3
By the sign scheme, we can say that, f(x) is strictly 2
- 1) 2
increases in (e, oo) and strictly decreases in (0, e). f'(x) = 3( a x + 2(a - l)x + 2
3
4
Monotonicity
=> f'(x) = (a 2 - l)x2 + 2(a - l)x + 2 Since x = -3, 3 are not an interior point of the domain
off, so x = -3, 3 are not the critical point off
Since f is strictly increasing, so f'(x) > 0
Thus, the critical points off are x = 1 and 9.
=> (a2 - l)x2 + 2(a - l)x + 2 > 0
18. Given f(x) = x4!5 (x - 4)2
=> (a2 - 1) > 0 & 4 (a - 1)2 - 8 (a2 - 1) < 0
=> a2 > l & (a - 1)2 2(a2 - 1) < 0 => f'(x) = 2x415 (x - 4) 2
+ �
5x l/5 (x - 4)
-
=>
=>
a < -2 and a2
.,,a < -2 & a(a + 3) > 0
- 3a(a + 2) < 0
Now, f'(x) = 0 => 1 - Q 1 - x2
=0
5
Monotonicity
u( 0, ½]-
25. Let f(x) = ex - 1 - x - �
2
f'(x),:,, ex - 1 - x < 0, \Ix E (-1, 1)
2
22. Given f(x) = Ix - 11/x
Thus , f(x) is strictly decreases in (-1, 1)
l
-1
X
=1 1
X �1
f(x) = {
7 �-7 Now,
1
f(-1) = -
e - 1 +
1 1 1
1 -- = -
e - -<0
1 -x = l _ .!_ 2 2
_ : X <1
2
x x2
x 1 5
and f(l ) = e - I - 1 - - = e - - > 0
2 2
2 x
--;-+�= � : x�l 2
X X X Thus, the equation ex = l + x + ; has a real root
f'(x) =
2 1 = x-2 in (-1, 1)
--+- -- : x<l
x3
x2 x3 26. As we know that tan- 1 x & e X , both are strictly
increasing for all x in R.
+ +
Therefore f(x) = tan- 1 (ex ) is strictly increasing for
0 2 all x in R.
27. As we know that tan- 1 x is strictly increasing for
00,
By the· sign scheme for the function f'(x), we have
f(x) is increasing in (- 0) u [1, 2] and decreases
all x in R and (log l/3x) is strictly decreasing for all
oo).
+
XE R .
in (0, 1] u [2,
Therefore, f(x) = tan-' (log 113 x) is strictly decreasing
23. Given f(x) = x2 e-x,ta\ a > O for all x ER.
As we know that coC I x is strictly decreasing for all
(
28.
- 2! 2 2x
f'(x) = 2 xe x a
-x2/a2
x ·e x in R and (log4 x) is increasing for all x ER+ .
2
+ x --2 )
a Therefore, f(x) = coC 1 (log4 x) is strictly decreasing
2) for all x E R +.
= 2xe-:c/a- 1- :
? ? (
2
29. As we know that (log 1110 x) is strictly decreasing
for all x E R + and (coC 1 x) is strictly decreasing for
(x - a)(x + a)
= -2xe-x'la' ( ) all x.
a2 Thus f(x) = coC 1 (log 1 110 x) is strictly increasing for
all X > 0.
= (-:2 ) e-x ta' x x(x - a)(x + a)
2
+ + Now, f'(x) = 3 - 2x
strictly decreasing in (
Now, by the sign scheme for the function f'(x), we
have f(x) is increases in (- -a] u [O, a] 00, Also, g is srictly increasing in [O, oo).
24. Given x3 = 3x + 1
Now, D1 = [O, 3]
Let 3
f(x) = x - 3x - 1 Thus, the function y = �3x - x2 is strictly increasing
f'(x) = 3x2 - 3 = 3(x2 - 1) in ( 0, ½) and strictly decreasing in (½, 2).
2
==} f'(x) = 3 (x - 1) < 0, \/ x E (-1, 1)
6
Monotonicity
4 2
Thus, f(x) is strictly increasing in (1, e)
re -
-- re 3rc re
and strictly decreasing in (e, 00) <x<---
2 4 2 4
33. Let • g(x) = sinx+ cosx and h(x) = logx
re
- Src
Since h(x) is an increasing function, f(x) will be <x<-
4 4
decreases if g(x) decreases.
Now, g'(x) = cosx - sinx Thus, f(x) is strictly increases in (0, �) and strict! '
re re 3n l - 1+ x2 x2
2nrc+ 2< (x+ ) < 2nrc+ f'(x) = --- = > 0 \f E
l+x
X
4 2 x+I
7
Monotonicity
X => 1 + xlog(x + �) � �
=> log(1+x) > -- for all x > 0
X + 1 Hence, the result.
Hence, the result. 41. Let f(x)= x - sinx
38. Let f(x)=(l+x)log(l+ x) - ex+ 1 => f' (x)= � - COSX > 0, \:IX E ( 0, i)
(1+ X)
=> f (x)= --+ log(l+ x) · 1 - e
i)
1 X
=>
(1+x)log(l+ x)- ex + 1 < 0
8
Monotonicity
and j' (x) < 0, \;fx E ( �' oo) f" (x) = 20x3
f'" (x) = 60x2 is exists for all x
Now, logx < Bx2 for x > 0
=
Now, f"(x) = 0 g ives x = 0
1
It holds good for x = .
-J2B By the sign scheme for f" (x) = 0, we have, f(x) is
concave down in 0) and concave up in (0,
(-oo, oo).
( 1 ) 1 1
Thus log ,filf < B, = 45 . We have f(x) = x4 5x3 15x 2
+ 30
2B 2 - -
-½
2
� f" (x) = 12x - 30x - 30
� log(m) <
Now, f" (x) = 0 gives 12x2 - 30x - 30 = 0
m < e- 2
l
� � 6x2 - 15x - 15 = 0
2
� 2x - 5x - 5 = 0
� 2B < e- 1
� B>- x= 5 ± -/2 5 + 40
2e 4
5 ±8 13 3
Thus, the least. value of B is _!_ X = - - = 4' -4
2e 4
43. Let j(x) = ax2 + f-c By the sign scheme for the function J" (x), the func
we have a
{b }2/3
+
b f" (x) = 2ex (cosx - sinx)
2a 113 :2: c Now, j"(x) = 0 gives 2ex (cosx - sinx) = 0
{ :a }
� tanx =- 1
�· b
a( )
2a
+ b c ( )
b "3
:2: · 2a � x=4n' Sn
4
(3b) :2: }!__c2
3 By the sign scheme for the function f" (x) = 0,
�
2
2 7b3
2a
have f(x) is concave down in (¾, 5:) and
�
8
:2: }!_. c2
2a up in ( O, ¾} u ( 5;, 2n)
� 27b2 a :2: 4c3
47. Given curve is y = f(x) = Ax2 + Bx + C
2 3
� 27ab :2: 4c f'(x) = 2Ax + B
Hence, the result. j" (x) = 2A
44. We have f(x) = x5 + 5x - 6 Thus, the curve concave up if f" (x) > 0 and concave
down if f" (x) < 0 i.e. concave up if A > 0 ; concave
� f'(x) = 5x4 + 5 cave down if A < 0.
9
Monotonicity
( 2 2
48. We have f(x) = x4 - 4x 3 + x - 10 � f"(x) = -2 e-x · l + x-e-x ·(-2x) )
� f'(x) = 4x3 12x2 + 1
- � f"(x) = 2e-x\2x 2 - 1)
� f"(x) = l2x 2
- 24x = 12x (x - 2)
Now, f"(x) = 0 gives 2e-x (2x2 - 1) = 0
2
� f"(x) = 2 - 2S
X
� f'(x)=-2e-x xx
2
10