SWEET DREAMS

LESSON 6
 PLAN

• Revise Sweet Dreams content

• Compare style of diff newspapers

• Read 2 articles and pool info.

• Give a 2 min ‘Quarandreams’ speech

https://pixabay.com/photos/boy-sky-dream-sleep-fantasy-4827557/

2
RECYCLING

https://www.thedartmouth.com/article/2020/04/johnakin-covid-dreams

3
 LEAD IN

https://www.flickr.com/photos/29233640@N07/42390437761
https://www.flickr.com/photos /2020/04/strange-dreams-lately-reasons-for-your.html
 INPUT

TABLOID
BROADSHEET

https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-01-09/prince-harry-
and-meghan-markle-step-back-uk-media-
reacts/11854416
 INPUT

unscrupulous
higher-minded short, hard-hitting
reporting
approach crisp articles journalism
methods

condensed established serious In-depth

stories sources writing articles

large celebrity working

irreverent
format gossip class

sensational educated phone

sober
stories readers hacking
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Washington_Pos

TABLOID BROADSHEET
 INPUT

BROADSHEET TABLOID

higher-minded approach condensed stories

In-depth articles working class

serious writing irreverent

hard-hitting journalism sensational stories

sober celebrity gossip

unscrupulous reporting
educated readers
methods

established sources phone hacking

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Washington_Post
large format short, crisp articles
 INPUT

1. What percentage of Americans are sleeping less than before the Corona crisis?

2. What ratio of the UK population have reported sleep disturbance?

3. Are there any ‘dream samples’ from the flu pandemic in 1918?

4. How is ‘dream recall’ maximised during this period of lockdown?

5. What reportedly keeps people up at night?

6. What did people dream of after the 1995 Sarine gas attack on the Tokyo
subway?

7. What do ‘swarms of bugs’ and ‘slithering worms’ represent?

8. How does waking up during the night affect dream recall?

9. What section of the population are experiencing ‘trauma-induced nightmares’?

10. Who dreams of their body being invaded by ‘wormy parasites’?

 STUDENT A
Rarely has humanity experienced 'collective dreaming' on such a broad scale:
Experts say we are all sharing the same vivid coronavirus nightmares
By ANDREW COURT FOR DAILYMAIL.COM
• Professors from several Ivy League universities are collecting dream samples amid the coronavirus pandemic
• People across the world are experiencing remarkablysimilar dreams, proving the psychological effects of the pandemic transcends culture and language
• One academic says manydreams involve people being overcome bywhat seem to be stand-ins for the virus, including swarms of bugs and slithering worms
• Many people have reported struggling to sleep properlyamid the COVID-19 outbreak; 77 percent of Americans are sleeping less than theywere before
Here’s how to help people impacted byCovid-19
For millions of people around the world dealing with the coronavirus pandemic, sleep is bringing no relief.
The horrors of COVID-19, and the frightening ways it has upended daily life, is infecting dreams and exposing feelings of fear, isolation and grief, according to a range of
psychologists.
The experts say humanity has rarely experienced 'collective dreaming' on such a broad scale in recorded history - and certainly never while also being able to share those dreams
in real time.
'As far as I know, no one has dream samples from the flu pandemic of 1918 - and that would probably be the most comparable thing,' Harvard University professor Deidre Barrett
told the Associated Press on Tuesday.
'Now we just all have our smartphones byour bed, so you can just reach over and speak it or type it down. Recording our dreams has never been easier.'
Barrett, who previously studied the dreams of 9/11 survivors and British prisoners of war in World War II, has already collected 6,000 dream samples from about 2,400 people
during the current coronavirus crisis.
The samples come from people around the world - with many experiencing remarkably similar dreams, showing that the psychological effects of the virus are transcending
culture, language and national boundaries.
According to Barrett, many people dream they are sick with COVID-19 or are overcome by what seem to be stand-ins for the virus: swarms of bugs, slithering worms, witches,
grasshoppers with fangs.
Meanwhile, others dream of losing control. In one such dream, the dreamer was held down by infected people who coughed on her. In another, the dreamer came across bands
of people shooting at random strangers.
Most are lower-level anxiety dreams, not trauma-induced nightmares. But that changes dramaticallyfor frontline health workers, Barrett says.
'The health care providers are the ones who look like a trauma population. They are having flat-out nightmares that reenact the things they're experiencing and ... the y all have the
theme that "I am responsible for saving this person's life and I'm not succeeding and this person is about to die,''' she said.
'And when they dream about their child or parent getting it, for the care providers there's always the next step in the dream where they realize... "I gave it to them."'
Meanwhile, Cornell Universityprofessor, Cathy Caruth, is also analyzing dreams of those experiencing the coronavirus outbreak.
Caruth says pandemic dreams are reminiscent of the experience of Hiroshima survivors, who worried about invisible radiation exposure, and also of some nightmares described
by Vietnam veterans.
'They seem to be in part about things that are hard to grasp, what it means that anybody can be a threat and you can be a threat to everybody,' Caruth said.
While people across the world may be experiencing disturbing and vivid dreams, many Americans are reporting that they are struggling to sleep properly amid the coronavirus
outbreak.
A survey commissioned bySleepStandards interviewed 1,014 Americans about their sleeping patterns during the pandemic. .
It found that 76.8 percent of people reported their sleep has been affected since the outbreak began spreading across the US – with anxiety the most consistent answer about
what is keeping respondents up at night.
 STUDENT B
Our pandemic subconscious: why we seem to be dreaming much more – and often of insects
Eleanor Morgan for Guardian.com

Stress can affect the quality and length of sleep. Scientists have been collecting dream data during the coronavirus crisis, with surprising results
From going to bed too late thanks to endless scrolling through theories about the pandemic, to waking up in the night worrying, it is safe to say that Covid-19 is wreaking havoc
with our sleep. A major survey conducted by King’s College London with Ipsos Mori showed that two in fi ve people in the UK have reported sleep disturbance. Prof Bobby Duffy,
the research lead and director of the Policy Institute at King’s, says: “There is a clear relationship between increased stress and impact on sleep; 53% of those who said they
found the crisis stressful reported sleep difficulties.” But manypeople around the world are also experiencing a new phenomenon: pandemic dreams.
Most of us don’t often remember our dreams, but the anxieties of life in isolation and disruption to our normal sleep-wake cycles seem to be changing that. Several researchers
are collecting dream data during the pandemic, including Dr Deirdre Barrett, a clinical and evolutionary psychologist at Harvard Medical School. She explains that, although it
seems that we are dreaming more often, we are actually remembering them better because we’re sleeping more, but also waking up more during the night. “With more options to
sleep, including napping in the day and longer lie-ins, dream recall is maximised, but you have to wake up out of a dream to remember it. We know that increased stress is a
cause of waking frequentlyduring the night.”
Barrett collects and analyses dreams from survivors of traumatic events, including 9/11. She is now analysing 4,000 pandemic dreams from more than 2,000 survey respondents.
“There are huge commonalities between how our dreams respond to traumas and crises. With clear visual associations, dreams are more literal. After 9/11, people were
dreaming of buildings falling, hijackers with knives and planes crashing into things,” she says.
Without singular images to focus on in dreamworld, we plug in our own visual metaphors. When Barrett analysed dreams after the 1995 sarin gas attack on the Tokyo subway,
she found that people reported “lots of monsters and invisible assailants rather than actual gas attacks”. Some dreams she has collected during the current pandemic are literal –
“people are having trouble breathing or spiking a fever” – but many are abstract. After all, we know coronavirus is there, but we can’t see it. “There are earthquakes, tidal waves
and tornadoes; every kind of uncontrollable disaster. But the biggest dream cluster is bugs; flying bugs attacking the dreamer, cockroaches swarming, masses of squirming
worms.”
More sleep generally means greater scope for REM sleep – the last stage, when we typically dream. Waking up more often during the night may mean better dream recall, but it
can leave us feeling exhausted the next day. As for what we see in our dreams, research has long suggested that their contents are linked to our waking mindset. We process
intense memories, current stressors and emotions during REM sleep; our dreams are often heavy with symbolism and strange renderings of reality. It could also be that, as life is
reduced to the size of a few rooms in lockdown, we have far less dailystimuli to draw from and are subconsciously digging around in the past.
Those who have worked in crisis situations are familiar with the effects stress can have on dreams. Naveen Cavale is a plastic surgeon at King’s College Hospital in south
London, specialising in reconstruction after traumatic injuries. Unpredictability and high-stake interventions are his baseline. Cavale says he usually “sleeps very well”, but this
was challenged when he travelled to Ga za in 2015, just after the ceasefire was declared, to help repair the catastrophic injuries of victims of the conflict. Anticipating the crossing
from Israel to Gaza kept him up at night, but the vividness of his dreams when he got to Gaza was even more striking.
“I was shown a video by a surgeon of one of the busiest nights in the hospital. True chaos. I’m a very visual person and would lie awake in my hotel bed playing it over and over in
my head,” he says. Cavale has visited Gaza 15 times now, and sleeps well there, but after visiting will often dream in vistas that have affected him. “I see the spindly minarets of
mosques, fires inside half blown-up buildings and colossal craters where bombs have taken out entire blocks.”
Some people say that they are sleeping better than ever during lockdown, and may be able to apply a “whatever gets you through” mentality of napping with abandon. For others
who are struggling, it may be helpful to think about underlying drivers of stress and its impact on sleep. But as someone who keeps dreaming of my body being invaded by wormy
parasites, it is strangelysoothing to learn that I’m not the only one.
 INPUT

1. What percentage of Americans are sleeping less than before the Corona crisis? 77%

2. What ratio of the UK population have reported sleep disturbance? 2/5

3. Are there any ‘dream samples’ from the flu pandemic in 1918? no

4. How is ‘dream recall’ maximised during this period of lockdown? naps & longer lie-ins

5. What reportedly keeps people up at night? anxiety

6. What did people dream of after the 1918 Sars gas attack on the Tokyo subway? monsters, assailants

7. What do ‘swarms of bugs’ and ‘slithering worms’ represent? the virus

8. How does waking up during the night affect dream recall? improves it

frontline health
9. What section of the population are experiencing ‘trauma-induced nightmares’?
workers

10. Who dreams of their body being invaded by ‘wormy parasites’? Eleanor Morgan
 FORM

the horrors of Covid 19

to upend daily life flat-out nightmares

here’s how to help people impacted by Covid 19 grasshoppers with fangs

strange renderings of reality to wreak havoc

research has long suggested napping with abandon

visual metaphors
 https://www.wikihow.com/Start-a-Summary-Paragraph
QUARANDREAMS
FORM
TASK

STUDENT A STUDENT B

dream data collective dreaming

wreak havoc dream samples

sleep disturbance stand-ins for virus

napping & lie-ins flu pandemic 1918

dream recall psychological effects

visual associations grasshoppers with fangs

dreamworld low-level anxiety

invisible assailants trauma-induced nightmares

REM sleep Hiroshima survivors

underlying drivers sleeping patterns

 REVIEW

• Revise Sweet Dreams content

• Compare style of diff newspapers

• Read 2 articles and pool info.

• Give a 2 min ‘Quarandreams’ speech

https://pixabay.com/photos/boy-sky-dream-sleep-fantasy-4827557/

15