Specifications

Formwork
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 Specifications

Formwork

Arup Jururunding Sdn Bhd

58-6-1 Wisma Fortune Heights, Jalan Cantonment, 10250 Pulau Pinang
Tel +60 04-2278908 Fax +60 04 2297352

www.arup.com.my/arup.my/arup
 Document Verification
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Job title Specifications Job number

Document title Formwork File reference

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Revision Date Filename S09B (Formwork)..doc

Draft 1 06/02/04 Description First draft

Prepared by Checked by Approved by

Name Shariza Mat Aris Lawrence Yeap Wan Anuar Wan
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Issue 16/02/05 Filename S09B (Formwork).doc

Description First Issue

Prepared by Checked by Approved by

Name Lawrence Yeap Tan Teck Eng Tang Kam Kok

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©Ove Arup Partnership Ltd F8.5
QA Rev 1/00 1 October 2000

(FORMWORK)
 Specifications
Formwork

CONTENTS
Page

CONCRETE SPECIFICATIONS 1
Formwork 1

1. GENERAL 1
1.1 Description 1
1.2 Standards 1

2. WORKMANSHIP 1
2.1 Construction and Preparation of Falsework and Formwork 1
2.1.1 General (6.9.1) 1
2.1.2 Release Agents (6.9.2) 2
2.1.3 Chambers 2
2.1.4 Repair of Formwork 2
2.2 Falsework (6.9.1) 2
2.2.1 Propping Details 2
2.2.2 Prop Removal 2
2.2.3 Prop Spacing 2
2.2.4 Stability of Falsework 3

(FORMWORK)
 Specifications
Formwork

CONCRETE SPECIFICATIONS

Formwork

1. GENERAL

1.1 Description
Work in this section shall be read in conjunction with the Contract Documents.

1.2 Standards
1. The letters B.S. refer to the British Standard Specification as issued by the British
Standards Institution, British Standards House, London. The letters C.P. refer to the
British Standard Code of Practice issued by the Council for Codes of Practice. The latest
amendment is implied in each case. It is deemed that all work is to comply to the relevant
B.S. or C.P.
2. Where there is an equivalent Malaysian Standard, the Malaysian Standard shall be in lieu
of the British Standard.
3. References in brackets in clause headings in this Specification are to clauses or sub-
clauses of BS 8110 'Structural use of concrete'. Unless modified by this Specification,
concrete work shall comply with the requirements and recommendations of these clauses
or sub-clauses. In cases of conflict, this Specification takes precedence over BS 8110.
4. The Contractor shall keep copies of these Standards on site.
5. A bracketed asterisk (*) indicates that this clause of the Specification modifies the
provisions of BS 8110 or BS 5328. This indication is included for convenience only; its
absence does not mean that the provisions of BS 8110 or BS 5328 have not been modified
by this Specification.

2. WORKMANSHIP

2.1 Construction and Preparation of Falsework and Formwork

2.1.1 General (6.9.1)

1. All falsework and formwork shall comply with BS 5975, and take account of the
recommendations in 'Formwork: A guide to good practice' (Concrete Society, 1986). It is
the Contractor’s responsibility to ensure that all falsework and formwork are safe.
2. Before construction of the formwork begins the Contractor shall provide details of the
systems of falsework and formwork he proposes to use for all main structural members.
3. No metal part of any device for maintaining formwork in the correct location shall remain
permanently within the specified concrete cover to the reinforcement.
4. In watertight construction, methods of fixing formwork which result in holes through the
concrete section when the formwork is removed shall not be used. In addition all wall ties
shall have water baffles and wall kickers shall be cast monolithically with the base slab.

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2.1.2 Release Agents (6.9.2)

1. Release agents shall be materials marketed as such and shall be of one of the following
types:
1. Cream emulsion, which shall not be used in conditions where it may be subjected
to freezing.
2. Neat oil with surfactant added.
3. Chemical release agent.

2. Release agents shall be stored and used strictly in accordance with the manufacturer's
instructions.

2.1.3 Chambers
1. Unless otherwise directed all formwork to suspended beams and slabs shall be constructed
so that the following upward cambers exist immediately before striking:
1. Spanning between supports:
i) beams : 0.2% of span at centre
ii) slabs : 0.1% of span at centre.

2. Cantilevers : 0.4% of span at free end.

2.1.4 Repair of Formwork

1. Damaged formwork shall not be reused if in the opinion of the SO the making good
would impair the surface appearance of the concrete.
2. Plywood and metal forms shall be changed regularly to ensure the required concrete finish
is obtained.

2.2 Falsework (6.9.1)

2.2.1 Propping Details
1. Not less than two weeks before the start of any pour requiring props, the Contractor shall
provide drawings indicating the props he proposes to use, linked to a detailed programme
of work and including an estimate of the loads likely to be applied.
2. Heavy propping shall be provided for all transfer beams with the supporting props
extended continuously down to the lowest floor, or as directed by the SO.

2.2.2 Prop Removal

1. If formwork props are to be left in place after soffit forms have been removed they shall
not be disturbed during the removal process without approval.

2.2.3 Prop Spacing

1. Formwork props shall be positioned between permanent supports so that all members are
supported at no more than 3m centres in both directions.

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Formwork

2. Structural props for beams and slabs shall be positioned to divide the clear span of each
member into equal lengths. The number of props provided in each span shall be at least
one for clear spans of 6m or under, and at least two for clear spans over 6m and under
12m. For two-way spanning slabs structural props as specified above shall be provided
for each direction of span. For slabs spanning in one direction only, the spacing of props
in the direction perpendicular to the span shall not exceed half the span. All members
with spans exceeding 12m shall be propped to the SO's satisfaction.
3. All props shall be in the form of space frames, composite or single members with
sufficient stiffness or bracing so that the props will neither sway nor buckle under loads
which they are designed to carry.
4. All formwork to soffits shall be constructed so that it can be removed without disturbing
the structural props.

2.2.4 Stability of Falsework

1. The vertical propping to all formwork shall be carried down sufficiently far to provide the
necessary support without damage, overstress or displacement of any part of the
construction. The Main Contractor is to make allowance for propping through 2 or more
floors to support the construction loads.
2. Structural props shall be retained in position until new construction is sufficiently strong
to support its own weight and any loads to be placed on it during the contract period. In
the event that re-propping of the newly constructed structure is required to support the
weight of the formwork and the wet concrete of the floor above, the re-propping shall be
done to the satisfaction of the SO.

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