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Chapter One: Objectives Binary, Octal, Hexadecimal and BCD Number Systems. Number Conversion
Chapter One: Objectives Binary, Octal, Hexadecimal and BCD Number Systems. Number Conversion
NUMBER SYSTEMS
AND CODES
Objectives
Note that the last remainder becomes the most significant bit (MSB) and
the first remainder becomes the least significant bit (LSB).
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MSB LSB
26 25 24 23 22 21 20 Bit Weights
1 0 1 0 1 1 1 binary number
= 26 + 24 + 22 + 21 + 20
= 64 + 16 + 4 + 2 + 1
= 8710.
MSD LSD
82 81 80 Octal Digit Weights
4 1 2 Octal Number
= (4 x 82 ) + (1 x 81) + (2 x 80)
= 256 + 8 + 2
= 26610.
4
4 7 2 Octal number
↓ ↓ ↓
100 111 001 Binary number
The hexadecimal number (base 16) uses the digits 0 through 9 plus the
letters A, B, C, D, E and F. The letter A stands for decimal 10, B for 11, C
for 12, D for 13, E for 14 and F for 15.
0 0 0000
1 1 0001
2 2 0010
3 3 0011
4 4 0100
5
5 5 0101
6 6 0110
7 7 0111
8 8 1000
9 9 1001
A 10 1010
B 11 1011
C 12 1100
D 13 1101
E 14 1110
F 15 1111
To convert the hex number 1A716 to a decimal number, multiply each hex
value by the weight of the digit and sum the results.
MSD LSD
162 161 160 Hex Digit Weights
1 A 7 Hex Number
1 A 7
↓ ↓ ↓
0001 1010 0111
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8 7 4 decimal number
↓ ↓ ↓
1000 0111 0100 BCD code
BCD is not another number system like binary, octal, decimal and
hexadecimal. It is in fact the decimal system with each digit encoded in its
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Exercises