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HP CP6015, CM6040, CM6030 PQ Defect Guide, v1.0
HP CP6015, CM6040, CM6030 PQ Defect Guide, v1.0
HP CP6015, CM6040, CM6030 PQ Defect Guide, v1.0
– PQ Defect Guide
Overview
Welcome to the HP Color LaserJet CP6015 and CM6040/6030 MFP Series printers PQ
Defect Guide. This guide will be updates as needed to reflect new information.
Created: 30 July 2008
Document number: Insert when available
The image formation system is the central hub of the printer. During image formation, an
image of colored toner is formed and then fused onto the paper. The image formation
system consists of the following physical components:
Four laser/scanners
Four print cartridges, four imaging drums
ITB
Secondary transfer roller
Fuser
Use this PQ Defect Guide to help identify and troubleshoot print quality issues on the
Color LaserJet CP6015 and CM6040/6030 MFP series printers. Please note that
many PQ defects in this guide recommend printing the PQ Troubleshooting pages.
Use the steps below to print these pages.
Several pages will print, including instruction and solid pages for each color plane
(black, cyan, magenta, and yellow). These pages are helpful in isolating PQ issues to
either one color plane or all color plans, which can isolate a defect to the primary or
secondary transfer stages of the image formation process. Additionally, a
Configuration page and Diagnostics pages will print, to help further diagnose the PQ
defect.
1
Repetitive Defect Distances
Description of PQ Direction – Scan direction versus Feed direction (also called Process
direction)
When troubleshooting PQ defects it is important to understand the difference between
two terms commonly used to describe the orientation and direction the defects have on
printouts – scan direction and feed direction. Note the information in the PQ defect
descriptions that refer to this, as it is very important when troubleshooting PQ defects.
Scan Direction – During image formation, the Laser Scanner beam moves back and forth
in what is called the scan direction as the paper passes through the printer.
Feed or Process Direction – Paper is fed or processed through the printer in this direction.
Note: This document is split into Print Defects and Scan/Copy Defects. The Scan/Copy
defects apply only to the CM6040/6030 MFP products.
2
PRINT DEFECTS
Toner Smear
Defect description
A portion of the image is smeared in the feed direction. The section that is smeared may
be a narrow or wide streak, but is smeared from leading to trailing edge of the page.
Possible causes
The Mylar strip near the secondary transfer (T2) area of the ITB is out of place and
dragging across the toner on the ITB. This occurs more commonly after a paper jam, or
the first daily printing in a high-temperature, high-humidity environment. Torn edges of
media caught in the blade and not cleared after a paper jam can also result in this defect.
Recommended Parts
Replace the ITB.
3
Auger Marks
Defect description
Alternating light and dark streaks repeating at 4-5mm in the feed direction and may
resemble a wavy pattern. Sample shown is cyan. May be a temporary issue.
Possible causes
Defect appears in medium-density fill pages printed in very large quantity. Often
continuous high coverage toner causes subsequent pages to have auger marks. Auger
marks are caused by a failure to charge the toner evenly.
Recommended Parts
1. Reduce coverage or interleave low coverage jobs with high coverage jobs.
2. Replace the image drum of the color showing the defect. However, if high coverage
pages are printed often, the defect may return.
4
Mottled Halftones
Defect description
Halftone fills print with a “mottled” or light appearance. Random patterns of white appear
in the halftone fills, looking very much like poor secondary transfer. Some areas may look
glossy and others look matte.
Possible causes
Poor secondary transfer caused by low-coverage printing. The issue is more common on
rough media.
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2. Change to a different, smoother media. HP LaserJet 90gsm (HPJ115 RC, HPJ1124),
HP Color Laser Paper (HPL285R) and HP Premium Choice LaserJet Paper are good
choices. These are heavier medias (>80 gsm/20lb) which often produce less
mottling.
3. Mottle can also occur if the voltage drops below 117VAC. The printer will
automatically adjust toner quantity downward to ensure adequate fusing. This has
the downside of increasing mottle. To remedy a low voltage condition, place the
printer on a dedicated circuit with no other devices on it that could draw down the
voltage. This issue is not seen in 220V environments.
Recommended Parts
Replacing the image drum that is mottling; however, this defect may be evident in a
replacement image drum.
6
Poor Transfer
Defect description
Halftone and solid fill toner areas do not have a uniform fill of toner, but rather are
missing toner, which gives a blotchy, unevenly filled appearance. Occurs most often on
glossy and heavy media types and is more noticeable in heavy toner coverage areas.
Possible causes
Often caused by the media being printed with the wrong media type selected, causing
the toner to not transfer properly.
Recommended Parts
None
7
Leading Edge Poor Transfer
Defect description
The toner on the first 2-3mm of the entire leading edge of the page has a blotchy
appearance, with toner missing.
Possible causes
The image is placed to close to the leading edge of the page. As the transfer bias ramps
up in this region of the page, transfer in this area may be poor.
Recommended Parts
None
8
Leading Edge Disrupted Toner
Defect description
A portion of the toner on the leading edge of the page is transferred closer to the leading
edge. The defect may occur in only small areas, but happens when heavy amount of
toner are placed very near the leading edge of the page.
Possible causes
This defect is associated with the media slapping against the ITB blade at secondary (T2)
transfer. This typically happens when printing from Tray 1, but can also happen from
trays 2 – 5. It is also more prevalent with heavy media.
Recommended Parts
None
9
Dark Bands
Defect description
Randomly spaced, thin dark bands print in heavy coverage areas.
Possible causes
Note: Many types of banding may occur. See the other banding samples that follow, to
see if the banding actually has a repetitive nature to it.
Recommended Parts
Replacing the image drum for the color exhibiting the bands may resolve the issue.
However, the bands may be apparent on a replacement image drum.
10
36mm Sharp Banding
Defect description
Pages print with sharp, narrow, dark bands repeating at every 36mm.
Possible causes
The developer roller in the image drum is developing more toner in the area of the
narrow band.
Recommended Parts
Replacing the image drum for the color exhibiting the bands may resolve the issue.
However, the bands may be apparent on a replacement image drum.
11
40mm Sharp Banding
Defect description
Pages print with sharp, narrow, light or dark bands repeating at every 40mm.
Possible causes
The charge roller is charging the OPC more in the area of the sharp band, which allows
more toner to develop on the OPC in the area of the sharp band.
Recommended Parts
Replacing the image drum for the color exhibiting the bands may resolve the issue.
However, the bands may be apparent on a replacement image drum.
12
Fine Pitch Banding
Defect description
Pages print with fine pitch bands, typically less than 1mm apart. They are usually more
visible in heavy toner coverage areas.
Possible causes
These bands are typically caused by mechanical vibration in the print engine.
Note: Many types of banding may occur. See the other banding samples that follow, to
see if the banding actually has a repetitive nature to it.
Recommended Parts
1. If the issue occurs in only one color plane, replace the appropriate image drum.
2. If the issue occurs in all color planes, the main drive unit.
13
Horizontal Line Segments
Defect description
Dark and light, thin line segments, less than 5mm long, located in mid-range halftone
areas. The line segments create a linen look to the page.
Possible causes
Electrostatic breakdown between the image drum charge roller and OPC drum creates
areas that attract more toner on the OPC. If the charge roller resistivity is too low (out of
spec) then discharge results, creating dark fine line segments.
14
1. Print the PQ troubleshooting pages to identify the color plane exhibiting the line
segments.
2. Replace the image drum for the color plane exhibiting the line segments.
Recommended Parts
1. Replace the image drum for the color plane exhibiting the line segments.
2. Replace the main drive unit.
15
Blisters
Defect description
Raised, bubbled areas on coated media. One or more blisters may be present.
Possible causes
Often occurs on coated media in high humidity environments. The moisture between the
paper and coating pull apart as the moisture escapes during fusing. More common when
duplexing.
Recommended Parts
None
16
Media Crease
Defect description
Media has a crease or wrinkle in the process direction.
Possible causes
1. Damaged paper feed guide.
2. Deteriorated paper tray roller(s).
3. Light media which creases as it progresses through the fuser.
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b. Check the paper feed, pick and separation rollers for wear or deterioration
and replace if necessary.
4. Stop the printer (by opening a door) as the page is going through the fuser. Check
to see if the crease occurs before entering or after exiting the fuser.
a. If the creases occur before the page enters the fuser, replace the registration
secondary transfer assembly.
b. If the creases occur as the page is going through the fuser, replace the fuser.
Recommended Parts
1. Paper feed roller guide
2. Paper tray rollers
3. Registration secondary transfer assembly
18
Backside 71mm Repetitive Defect
Defect description
Defect repeating every 71mm on the backside of pages. May occur after clearing a
paper jam.
Possible causes
Secondary transfer roller likely has contamination on it.
19
Partial Fuser Wrap/Scratches
Defect description
On glossy media or transparencies, the leading edge of the page has thin streaks or
stratches in the process direction, spaced 7-10mm apart. On a transparency, the toner
may have been scrapped off in these areas. On glossy media, the scratches may not be
visible unless you are holding the page in the correct light.
Possible causes
The paper or transparency started to wrap around the upper fuser roller, but released and
fed out of the printer. The scratches occurred as the media rubbed against the plastic ribs
in the fuser.
Recommended Parts
None
20
ITB Cleaning Blade Streaks
Defect description
Page has one or more dark or brown streaks of composite toner in the feed direction that
extend to the very leading and trailing edges (outside the printable area). Multiple pages
will likely have streaks in the same area. Since the streak is made up of waste toner, it
may be tinted magenta, yellow, cyan, or black, but is often a brownish color. The streaks
usually run leading edge to trailing edge of the page, all the way across.
Possible causes
The cleaning blade in the ITB may have a nick or tuck in it.
Recommended Parts
Replace the ITB.
21
Fuser Sleeve Crack
Defect description
Dark, randomly-shaped defects at the top and/or bottom of a portrait page, repeating
every 148mm.
Possible causes
The fuser sleeve has a crack or uneven spot at the edge of the fuser roller. Fuser cracks
may be caused by the customer printing on media that is not within specification. Make
sure the media being used is not too heavy for the printer.
22
Thunder/Snail Tracks/Slug Tracks
Defect description
Randomly-shaped steaks that meander, but are mostly in the feed direction. The streaks
resemble a tack mark made by a snail or slug. They may also be described as looking
like water droplets
Possible causes
Printing in a high temperature/high humidity environment and/or with paper which has
been exposed to a high temperature/high humidity environment. Paper acclimated to this
type of environment has a high moisture content. This causes the paper to curl as it enters
the fusers. The tracks are due to the difference in the toner density caused by the curled
shape of the media as it enters the fuser.
23
Trailing Edge Scatter/Spew
Defect description
Small amounts of toner along the trailing edge of the page. This defect is most commonly
seen next to areas of heavy toner coverage.
Possible causes
1. The incorrect media type is being used.
2. Heavy toner coverage on the trailing edge of the page.
3. Glossy media is more susceptible to this defect.
Recommended Parts
None
24
Partial Missing Color Plane
Defect description
One or more color planes are missing toner. The area between where the toner appears
and disappears is a wavy pattern. The defect on the left is showing magenta missing and
the defect on the right is showing magenta and black missing. The event log may also
show a 10.91.00 (for black) or 10.91.99 (for magenta, cyan, or yellow).
Possible causes
1. The T1 transfer roller in the ITB does not have even pressure across the belt due to the
a broken bushing o the T1 transfer roller or the T1 transfer roller is partially alienated.
2. Toner level is low in the image drum and there is a problem replenishing the toner
from the print cartridge. The wavy pattern is caused by the augers in the image drum.
25
3. Make sure the gate is closed on the print cartridge (see picture). Open the shutter to
see the gate. The picture on the left below shows the gate open. The gate is closed
in the picture to the right. Closed is the proper position when the cartridge is outside
of the printer. The If the gate is open, push the release lever, then turn the white gear
90 degrees until the gate closes, as shown below. The white gear should end straight
up.
4. Check that the pin on the print cartridge lever (where the finger is pointing in the
image below) is not broken. If it is, replace the print cartridge.
5. Remove the image drum for the affected color and inspect the seal around the hole at
the top of the image drum, where toner feeds into the drum from the print cartridge.
The seal may be bent or damaged, blocking toner from feeding into the image drum.
If the seal damaged, replace the image drum.
26
6. Make sure the gate is closed on the image drum. The picture below shows the gate
open. If the gate is open, push the release tab, then turn the white gear 90 degrees
until the gate closes.
Tab
Gear
Gate
7. Check that the cam circled below, inside the print cartridge bay, is not broken or
missing. If it is, replace it.
Recommended Parts
1. Replace the ITB.
2. Replace the appropriate print cartridge, image drum or cam.
27
Halo
Defect description
White “halo” of missing toner on the trailing edge of characters or graphics which have
a lighter halftone around them as a background.
Possible causes
Missing toner areas are caused by toner depletion that occurs when the OPC and
developer rollers transition from heavy coverage to light coverage.
Workaround
Adjust the color option in the print driver to print in composite black instead of k black. To
do so, in the printer driver Color tab, select Manual, then Settings. The Options
window will appear. Under Graphics, set Neutral Grays to 4-Color. This setting is
available in Mac driver as well, under the Color Options drop-down tab. Note that the
page must contain some color (text or graphics) for this workaround to correct the halo.
Recommended Parts
None.
28
Skew with Folded Corner
Fold
Defect description
Image on the entire page is skewed and one corner of the leading edge of the page is
folded to the back of the page.
Possible causes
1. The media guides in the paper tray are set incorrectly (too wide).
2. The spring on the registration secondary transfer assembly is unhooked.
3. The spring on the registration secondary transfer assembly is deformed.
Recommended Parts
Registration Secondary Transfer Assembly
29
Color Plane Mis-Registration
Defect description
One or more color planes are not lined up with the other color planes. Images or text
with composite colors may appear fuzzy, as the two color planes are next to each other
rather than on top. The example above shows the cyan color plane mis-registered.
Possible causes
1. The product requires calibration.
2. The ITB is defective.
3. The drive gear on the ITB motor is worn.
4. The color-plane-registration (CPR) sensor assembly is defective.
5. The imaging drum is defective
6. The laser/scanner is defective.
7.
Troubleshooting and suggestions
1. Print the PQ troubleshooting pages to identify the color plane that is mis-registered,
being sure the page is fed long edge first. The box with no extra color in each area
on each page shows how far off the CPR of that color is. Each pages has two process
direction areas and three scan direction areas that are labeled x and y and 1-11.
Each square from the center equals 42 microns.
30
2. Perform a full calibration from the control panel. (Print
QualityCalibration/CleaningFull Calibration)
3. Replace the ITB.
4. Replace the imaging drum.
5. Replace the color -plane-registration (CPR) sensor assembly.
6. Replace the ITB motor.
7. Replace the laser/scanner.
Recommended Parts
1. Replace the ITB.
2. Replace the imaging drum.
3. Replace the color -plane-registration (CPR) sensor assembly.
4. Replace the ITB motor.
5. Replace the laser/scanner.
31
Trailing Edge Density Up
Defect description
The trailing edges of images have an increase in toner density. This is most noticeable in
transitions from heavy toner to white. of the page is folded to the back of the page.
Possible causes
Additional toner develops to the OPC in areas of transition from heavy density to white.
Recommended Parts
None.
32
COPY/SCAN DEFECTS
ADF Streak
33
Defect description
Dark or light streak from leading edge to trailing edge on pages scanned through the
ADF.
Possible causes
The slit glass (small glass to the left of the flatbed glass) has contamination on it. On
monochrome scans, if the contamination is light, the streak will be light and if the
contamination is dark, the streak will be dark. On color scans, the streak will be the color
of the contamination. On solid black fills, the streak may be green, red, blue or white.
Recommended Parts
None.
34
Random Spots on Flatbed Glass Scans
Defect description
All scans from the flatbed glass print with random dark or light spots. Every page has
spots in the same place.
Possible causes
Contamination on the flatbed glass. On monochrome scans, if the contamination is light,
the spots will be light and if the contamination is dark, the spots will be dark. On color
scans, the spots will be the color of the contamination.
Recommended Parts
None.
35
Scan Skew
Defect description
Image on the entire copy/scan is skewed.
Possible causes
1. The scanner/ADF requires calibration.
2. The original image was skewed.
Recommended Parts
1. Replace the ADF if the skew is more than 3mm over the length of the page.
2. Replace the scanner assembly if the skew is more than 3mm over the length of the
page.
36
Shifted Image
Defect description
Images copy/scan shifted, in some case the shift may be enough for part of the image to
be cut off. In the example above, the image at the top of the page is missing.
Possible causes
1. The ADF guides are not set correctly, pressed against the original.
2. The scanner/ADF requires calibration.
Defect description
ADF copies/scans are missing a portion of the image on the trailing edge of the original.
The image is NOT skewed and the same amount of the image is missing at the top and
bottom of the page.
Possible causes
The copy image may be getting stopped early due to a noisy top of page sensor in the
ADF, though the paper will not jam.
Recommended Parts
Replace the ADF.
38
Light Images Missing
SCANNED IMAGE/COPY
ORIGINAL IMAGE
Defect description
Areas where image density is light on the original image do not appear on the
scanned/copied image.
Possible causes
The background removal algorithm sees some lower densities as background/extraneous
toner and removes them.
Recommended Parts
None
39
Garbled Faxes and Digital Send Images
Samples for all faxes Sample for all black & white PDF files
Defect description
All fax jobs and black & white PDF scans print with extraneous black boxes across the
page. The expected image is also on the page, but may not be legible due to the solid
black areas and lines. However, the image on PDF files may be blown up larger than
expected.
Possible causes
The Color/Black option for copies is set to “Auto detect”.
Recommended Parts
None
40