Thomas Wue Grade: 6.

Sport And Health- 18 March

1) The Bone composition is mainly composed of collagen, a protein that is woven into a
flexible framework., tThe bone also contains calcium phosphate and calcium
carbonate, minerals that add strength and harden the framework. The combination of
calcium and collagen gives the bone its strength and flexibility.
2) The Periosteum is thick fibrous membrane covering the surface of the bone. it is
composed of two layers. The periosteum is specifically strong over the attachments of
tendons and ligaments.
3) The cortex is actually the compact part of the long bone. The strength of the bone
which makes it capable to withstand all the stresses is mainly due to this cortex. And
the main functions are support and protection.
4) The medullary cavity is the central portion of a long bone that is filled with red or
yellow bone marrow. When you are a child the bone marrow is red everywhere and
hemopoiesis (blood cells production) is very active in this marrow but as you grew
older your red bone marrow starts to get yellow bone marrow, that its function is to
store fat which the body consumes as a last resort in cases of extreme starvation.
5) Blood cell formation, also called hemopoiesis. 
6) The yellow marrow function is to store fat which the body consumes as a last resort in
cases of extreme starvation.
7) The function of spongy bone makes up short, flat, and irregularly shaped bones and it
also forms the ends (epiphysis) of long bones that serves to lighten the weight of the
bones. And since red marrow is located here, hemopoiesis occurs (main function).
8) The bone is innervated by peripheral nerves so that it can coordinate with the central
nervous system. The important part of this coordination is formed by the sensory
signals coming from the bones. And to control the activity of blood vessels in bones.
The blood supply varies with different types of bones, but blood vessels are especially
rich in areas that contain red bone marrow. The Nutrient artery is the principal artery
and major supplier of oxygen and nutrients  to the shaft of the bone and to spongy
ends too.