Plug Setting Multiplier & Time Setting Multiplier

Plug Setting Multiplier & Time setting Multiplier Calculation:

Plug setting multiplier is nothing but a ratio between the actual fault current in the relay operating coil to
pick up current (the relay current setting).

Relay pick up current= %current setting * CT ratio

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 In other words, the ratio between the CT (current transformer) secondary current to relay operating
current is called plug setting multiplier (PSM).

Significance of Plug setting Multiplier:

In electromagnetic relay, the current setting can be done by adding resistance value. This action is
performed by inserting plugs. The resistances are connected in series with the relay operating coil. The
plug is a small short link that connects the relay operating coils and resistance. The high number of plug
position increases the resistance value, therefore to operate the relay coils which need a high value of
current to energize.

At that same time, the Lower number of plug positions would be of less resistance, hence to operate
relay coil, which needs low current value. Therefore, The plug position ensures the current setting value
of the relay. Plug setting multiplier (PSM) Indicates the severity of the fault. The plus setting
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 multiplier is used only in Electromagnetic relays not in numerical relays. Since numerical relay does not
require plugs.

Learn More: Phase Fault Protection | Induction Motor Protection

Example: If the plug position 5 means the relay operates when the fault current is 5 times of the CT
ratio. i.e The supply CT is rated 400:5A and the fault current will be 3200A means, the plug position is 5
then the relay operates, because of the relay gets the current value of 25 Amps.

The operating Times is depending upon the PSM. The high value of PSM indicates the low operating
time. Refer the table below.. The psm Value is normally available in the relay itself. In our case PSM is
8, hence the relay trip the circuit in 2 seconds wheres the TMS is 100%. The Time setting multiplier is
explained below.

PSM 1.5 2.5 3 5 8 10.5

Time in sec 10 8 5 3 2 1

Time Setting Multiplier (TSM):

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 Plug setting multiplier Time setting multiplier relay

What is TMS or Time setting multiplier:

The time setting multiplier is nothing but a adjusting or speed up the tripping mechanism of the relay (it
is called as dial). The dial is nothing but a rotating disc, which rotates when the fault current in the relay
coil reaches the pickup current.

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 Learn More: No Volt Release (NVR) and No Voltage Relay Working Principle

It means, one end connects with the tripping mechanism and another end connect with the relay
operation mechanism. By changing the dial or disc position we can increase or decrease the tripping
time of the relay. Refer the below TMS picture,

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 Time setting Multiplier disc Position

Here the position zero indicate the tripping position and green colour shade indicate the operating
position. In first disc position indicate the TMS is 10%. It means the relay operating time is 10% of the
Plug setting multiplier time. Time setting value will be 10%, 25 %, 30 % …100% like that.

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 The total relay operating time= Plug setting Multiplier time (Which is available in the relay) *
Time Multiplier Setting

Take an example of above mentioned, in this, consider relay TMS is 10% and PSM=8.. Hence the
timing for PSM 8, Time =2 sec…then the relay operating time is 2 * 10% = 0.02sec.

Also see:

All the 84 types of Relay Explanation

Potential Transformer Working Principle
Distance Protection Working Principle & Fault Location Detection
Basic Differential Relay Working Function
Bus Bar Differential Protection or Circulating Current Protection
Generator and Transformer Unit Biased Differential Protection
Generator Over Fluxing or Over Excitation Protection 24 G
High Impedance Differential Protection Low Impedance Differential Protection
How to Calculate Stabilizing Resistor for High Impedance Differential Protection
Merz Price Differential Protection for Generators
Percentage Differential Relay or Biased Differential Protection
Reverse Power Protection Working Principle -32R
Restricted Earth fault Protection 64R

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 electrical

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