Muhammad Abdul Rasheed

F2017065130
SQT (W4) Assignment No. 5

Summary on “Manual Testing”

Software Testing:

Software testing is an essential part of SDLC (Software Development Life Cycle). It is a

process to ensure that the software should meet to its main objective and reduce bug areas
before it is commercially available. “A process to ensure the completeness, correctness &
quality of software before make it available to end user for commercial use”.
Mainly there are two types of Software Testing.
(i) Manual Testing (Done by humans)
(ii) Automated Testing (Done with the assistance of tools / scripts)

Manual Testing:-
In manual testing the tester follow some rules / conditions written in the test
cases to conduct the testing manually the software quality without any assistance of tools /
scripts. Tester find(s) defects or bugs from the software system and make(s) a report to
submit to the developer team. Manual Testing is helpful where no automated testing can be
applicable.

When to choose Manual Testing:

(i) Exploratory Testing:
When we need a tester with domain knowledge of a software, need its analytical skills,
creativity and capability to understand poorly written documents and have shortage of time
then we have to choose manual testing.
(ii) Usability Verification Testing:
When we have to check the visualization of the software for user experience then we have
to choose manual testing.
(iii) Ad-Hoc Testing:
When we need totally informal type of testing. Have no rules and no constraints /
documentation to follow or if have then in very poor condition.

Process for Manual Testing:

(i) Understand the requirements first:
First the tester should know about the requirements of software & its quality and its testing.
(ii) Write Test Cases:
 Instead of testing randomly, tester should make some test cases to make the testing process
more clear.
(iii) Conduct the Tests:
Tester should conduct each test case. Testing two times for each case make the test more
reliable.
(iv) Log Good Bug Reports:
Making a log bug report for each test case makes easier for use it after making the final
report.
(v) Report the Results
Tester has to make a final report for development team to understand the result of each test
case. Make sure the report is understandable for the development team.

Advantages and disadvantages of manual testing:

Advantages:
(i) Live Testing is possible in manual testing. Tester can test the software as like as it is in commercial use in
the hand of end user & the application / software is in live state.

(ii) Less Programming Knowledge Require for the tester. As manual testing is more focused on document the
test cases, understanding the requirements, executing test cases and report making after conduction of
tests, there is less programming knowledge require for the tester.

(iii) UI / UX Testing (Visual User Experience Testing) is done only by manual testing because only a human can
feel the user interface is easy to use for the end user or not. The automated testing mainly focused on
programming therefore usability based issues are only tested by manual testing.

(iv) Low Investment is required for manual testing as there is no need of buying tools like Jira for software
testing. Also there is no need of high level skills for manual testing. That’s why it can be started with a low
cost.

(v) Adaptability to Change is possible in manual testing. During live testing you need change in the software
you can change it and then start testing again. You don’t need to follow complete SDLC again. Just change
and test.

Disadvantages:
(i) Time Consuming: When you have done any minor change, there is no need to repeat the full SDLC again
but you have to do testing again from start.
(ii) Errors in Testing: As the testing is done by humans there is high possibility of errors in testing / executing
test cases.
(iii) Testing Limitations: If we want to test the performance (need to know about speed & memory
consumption caused by software) in the manual testing, it is not possible. This seems that Manual Testing
has some limitations where we need gadgets and humans both & where we use gadgets, it is no more
manual testing.